Oberbieber

Oberbieber City of Neuwied Coordinates: 50 ° 28 ′ 24 ″ N , 7 ° 30 ′ 4 ″ E
Height :	100 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	4931 (Jun 30, 2010)
Incorporation :	November 7, 1970
Postal code :	56566
Area code :	02631
Location of Oberbieber in Rhineland-Palatinate

Evangelical Church in Neuwied-Oberbieber

Oberbieber is a district of Neuwied in Rhineland-Palatinate . Until it was incorporated into the town of Neuwied on November 7, 1970, Oberbieber was an independent local community.

location

Oberbieber is located about 7 km north of the city center on the northern edge of the Neuwied Basin and at the foot of the Westerwald on the former federal road 256 , now L 260. In Oberbieber, the German Limes Road , the historic Raiffeisen road and the Rheinsteig long-distance hiking trail on the right bank of the Rhine cross .

Neighboring communities are: Anhausen , Gladbach (district), Niederbieber (district), Melsbach and Rengsdorf .

history

Place name

The origin of the place name is almost certainly taken from the Aubach , which is listed in a Rengsdorf document from 857 under the name "biuira". This designation can mean “Biberbach”, but also “brown swamp water”, whereby the iron ore veins in this valley very likely contributed to the rust color due to iron oxide .

There are different spellings for the place in documents: 1021 "Bivera", 1204 "Biverne", 1263 "Oberbiberne", 1328 "Byvern", 1359 "Ober-Blieberen", 1376 "Bevern", 1404 "Ober-Beveren", 1560 "Bieber", 1613 "Dorff Oberbivern".

Middle Ages and Modern Times

A document proves the existence of Oberbieber for the first time on August 10, 1021, when Emperor Heinrich II gave his chamber property "Bivera in pago Engiresgovve" to the nunnery of St. Petrus, called Dietkirchen , gave a gift within the Bonn suburb after he had bought it back from the widow of his doctor Landerich.

From 1050 to 1100 the monastery built a chapel dedicated to St. Nicholas, the Romanesque, two-storey apse of which is still preserved today as a choir. Today's Evangelical Church stands on the foundations of the chapel.

In 1315 the estate including the chapel came into the possession of the Rommersdorf Abbey by exchange .

Count Johann IV zu Wied bought the chapel and the goods belonging to it again in an exchange process in 1575. Oberbieber belonged to the county of Wied .

Oberbieber has been plagued by war and epidemics several times in the course of history: around 1390 and in 1664 the plague and the black leaves raged here .

In 1582, the elector Gebhard I von Waldburg , Archbishop of Cologne, caused huge damage in wiedischen lands.

During the Thirty Years' War hordes of mercenaries crossed the wiedische land and plundered the population, for example the Swedes in 1639. Over half of the population perished during that time.

During their wars of prey in 1673, the troops of the Sun King Louis XIV completely destroyed the church at Oberbieber, which could only be rebuilt 85 years later. In the years 1794 and 1797, French revolutionary troops devastated Oberbieber again.

Development of the place

First school building in Oberbieber

In the course of the eventful history, viticulture (until 1830), mills and hammer mills (10 in total), tannery , pottery , agriculture and forestry shaped the development of the place.

Up to the year 1912 there are still wingerties in Oberbieber . In earlier centuries the entire southern flank of the Wingertsberg was planted with vines (field names "In the Weinbergsberg" and "Auf dem Weinbergsberg").

There were a total of 10 watermills: the oldest among them was the Abtsmühle. For several centuries it belonged to the monasteries Wülfersberg or Rommersdorf . Later it was used successively as a paper mill , bone mill and fulling mill . Better known by name is the copper hammer (the later paint mill Jüngst, which was demolished around 1955). There they hammered copper, which at that time also came from some tunnels in the Aubach valley.

In the past, the drinking water supply in Oberbieber was ensured by seven public wells. In addition, the location of over 30 house wells is known. A water pipe was not built until 1890.

The time of the kerosene lamps ended around 86 years ago. In the Friedrich-Ebert-Schule, the electric light bulbs burned for the first time on January 31, 1912.

From July 19, 1901, it was possible to take an electric train every half hour from Oberbieber to Neuwied . The fare was 21 pfennigs. The switch to buses took place at the end of October 1950 (fare 35 pfennigs).

Since the Second World War Oberbieber has been the headquarters of the Rech-Laternen company, one of the most important outdoor lamp manufacturers in Germany.

Oberbieber community

Coat of arms of the former municipality of Oberbieber

Oberbieber belonged to the parish court of Bieber ( Niederbieber ) and until 1806 to the county of Wied and from 1784 to the principality of Wied-Neuwied. In 1806 Oberbieber came to the Duchy of Nassau and in 1815 to the Kingdom of Prussia . Under the Prussian administration, Oberbieber became a municipality in the registrar's district of Neuwied , which belonged to the administrative district of Koblenz and from 1822 to the Rhine province and was administered by the mayor's office in Heddesdorf . The noble special status meant that, with the exception of sovereignty, military and tax matters to which the Kingdom of Prussia was entitled, the community and its inhabitants continued to be subject to the Princely Government until 1848. Since 1946 Oberbieber has belonged to the then newly formed state of Rhineland-Palatinate .

In the course of the Rhineland-Palatinate territorial and administrative reform that began in the mid-1960s , the “Eighth State Law on Administrative Simplification in the State of Rhineland-Palatinate” of July 28, 1970, which came into force on November 7, 1970, became today's town of Neuwied newly formed. With the resolution of the Neuwied City Council on January 22, 1971, Oberbieber became a district which is represented by a local advisory council and a local councilor.

politics

Local advisory board

The local advisory council in Oberbieber consists of 8 council members who were elected in a personalized proportional representation in the local elections on May 26, 2019 , and the honorary mayor as chairman.

The distribution of seats in the local advisory board:

choice	SPD	CDU	FWG	WGH	total
2019	3	2	3	-	8 seats
2014	5	3	-	-	8 seats
2009	3	3	-	2	8 seats

FWG = Free Voter Group Oberbieber e. V.
WGH = voter group Hartenfels

Mayor

2009–2019: Ingrid Ely-Herbst, SPD
since 2019: Rolf Löhmar, FWG

Attractions

Evangelical Church Oberbieber

The church was built on the old foundations of the Nikolauskapelle from the 11th century. The Romanesque, two-storey apse of this chapel is still preserved today as a choir. It is considered to be the oldest church monument in the Neuwied district. In the first half of the 13th century, two four-storey, late Romanesque towers flanking the apse were built. The northern tower was badly damaged when the village was pillaged in the 17th century and had to be demolished. In the second half of the 18th century, the old nave was replaced by a single-nave, flat-roofed nave with three arched windows on each of the long sides. In 1935 a sacristy was added in place of the former north tower.

Limes watchtower

The 1970 reconstruction of a Limes watchtower (WP No. 1/37) is located on the Wingertsberg, the remains of which are still recognizable about 30 meters away as a flat, plateau-like mound of rubble. The Limes crossed part of the district of Oberbieber. Five guards were identified.

Hermesplatz

At the northern end of the village is Hermesplatz, which was a court venue and one of the most important markets in the County of Wied until the 17th century. In 1662 Count Friedrich moved the markets to his new residence in Neuwied.

Aubach reservoir

The Aubach reservoir was opened to the public in July 1971 and serves both to regulate the water of the Aubach and as a local recreation area for the city of Neuwied. It is also known as the "swan pond", although this name is older than the reservoir and actually applied to a small pond that was originally located on the side of today's reservoir. Nevertheless, swans live on the reservoir today.

Braunsberg Castle

The outside of the district, on the district municipality Anhausen , lying castle Braunsberg was built around the 1200th Today a forest ranger's office of the Princely Wied Forest Administration is located on the site of the ruin. A small group of interested people and historians have been working more intensively in recent years to secure information about the castle and to make knowledge about it and its past part of the history of the region and its people better known.

Infrastructure

Oberbieber is part of the local recreation area of the town of Neuwied with an outdoor pool, campsite and many quiet and contemplative hiking trails.

Social life is characterized by lively club activity, such as sports clubs ( VfL Oberbieber with football, gymnastics, gymnastics, volleyball, table tennis), men, women and ev. Church choir, home and beautification club, fishing club, Reiterverein Neuwied, boys club, club of aquarium and nature lovers, sociability clubs (Aubacher Jonge, Society Edelweiß 1909, Society Fidel, Society sociability) Carnival club, Möhnen club, beekeeping club, shepherd dog club, AWO local association as well as a boy scout tribe German Scout Association Sankt Georg (DPSG), which also offers regional events for scouts in his house. Political parties are represented by the local association of the SPD and the local association of the CDU.

Individual evidence

↑ MGH, DD H II. 446, p. 568.
↑ Official municipality directory (= State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 407 ). Bad Ems February 2016, p. 173 (PDF; 2.8 MB).
↑ European and local elections 2019 - election results. City of Neuwied, accessed on June 6, 2019 .

Web links

Commons : Oberbieber - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Oberbieber on the website of the city of Neuwied

[1] MGH, DD H II. 446, p. 568.

[2] Official municipality directory (= State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate [Hrsg.]: Statistical volumes . Volume 407 ). Bad Ems February 2016, p. 173 (PDF; 2.8 MB).

[3] European and local elections 2019 - election results. City of Neuwied, accessed on June 6, 2019 .