openSUSE
| openSUSE | |
|---|---|
|
|
 openSUSE 15.2 with KDE Plasma Desktop 5.18.5 |
|
| developer | SUSE LLC and developer community |
| License (s) | GPL and other licenses |
| First publ. | March 1994 |
| Current version | 15.2 (July 2, 2020) |
| ancestry |
GNU / Linux ↳ SLS ↳ Slackware ↳ jurix ↳ SuSE Linux (4.2) ↳ openSUSE |
| Architecture (s) | i586 (up to 13.2), x86-64 , ARM |
| Others |
Language : multilingual Desktop environments : Gnome , KDE SC , LXDE , LXQt , Xfce etc. a. |
| opensuse.org | |
openSUSE [ ˌoʊpənˈsuːzə ], formerly SUSE Linux and SuSE Linux Professional , is a Linux distribution from SUSE GmbH . It is widely used in Germany (almost 26 percent of the global user base) and the USA (almost 14 percent of the global user base). The focus of the developers is on creating a stable and user-friendly operating system with a large target group for workstations and servers .
Distribution history
SuSE Linux
The SUSE Linux GmbH (now a subsidiary of SUSE GmbH) sales in the early 1990s under the company name S.uSE GmbH (society for software and system development mbH), the Linux - distribution Slackware , in-house development already YaST was offered as a configuration program . In May 1996 the independent distribution SuSE Linux, developed on the basis of jurix , was published for the first time with the version number 4.2. The numbering refers to the number 42 from the novel The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy , which is considered to be the answer to the question "about life, the universe and all the rest".
With version 5, a version of SuSE Linux, optimized for major customers, appeared in June 1997 as a so-called business Linux product , which offered longer release cycles and extended support, and whose concept is being continued by SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES). SuSE Linux was in addition to the Intel - 80386 platform from version 6.1 on the DEC - Alpha AXP platform, version 6.3 on the PowerPC porting platform. In the further course versions for AMD Athlon 64 , Intel Itanium and IBM -S390- (Z-Series) systems were added.
For end users , three product lines were offered in versions 7.0 up to and including 9.1:
- Personnel : inexpensive with limited program scope
- Professional : with additional server and development software
- Campus : cheaper professional version without manual
In November 2003, the American software company Novell took over SUSE Linux GmbH, changing the name of the distribution from SuSE to SUSE from version 9.1 onwards. The takeover went hand in hand with further innovations such as the ability to install the operating system over the Internet via FTP , software offerings for 64-bit systems ( AMD64 and Intel 64 CPUs) and the release of YaST for the GNU General Public License . The innovations introduced by Novell also included the greater weighting of the Gnome desktop compared to the K Desktop Environment , which were offered equally as a pre-selection for the desktop environment .
For SUSE 9.2, comprehensive ISO images of the distribution were offered for download for the first time and the personal version was discontinued. The reduced campus version and the cheaper update package were sold up to and including version 9.3. As of version 10.0, the various product lines have been completely discontinued. From version 11.2 KDE Plasma Desktop is again the preselection for the desktop environment. Gnome is still offered.
openSUSE
With the creation of the openSUSE project, the development of SUSE Linux was made public, which means that users can also test the alpha and beta versions of SUSE Linux and report any bugs found in a public bug tracker . Furthermore, you can actively participate in the development of the project by contributing patches to existing packages or by contributing to the writing of the openSUSE documentation.
The first final version created with the participation of this project could either be downloaded as a complete open source distribution without any proprietary software ( SUSE Linux OSS 10.0 ) or it could be downloaded or bundled with proprietary software such as Adobe Reader and Flash Player as well as MP3 players purchased ( SUSE Linux 10.0 Eval ).
Since May 11, 2006, the "OSS" has been removed from the name. Furthermore, only versions are published that contain exclusively free software and drivers. However, up to and including version 11.0, proprietary software was still carried in a separate directory.
With the release of version 10.2 on December 7th, 2006, the name of the distribution was changed from SUSE Linux to openSUSE to reflect the influence of the project and to avoid confusion with the commercial offshoots.
On April 27, 2011, Novell was taken over by the American software company Attachmate , with some of Novell's patents being sold to a Microsoft- led consortium called CPTN Holdings.
At the end of January 2014, SUSE employee Michal Hrušecký announced that the employees employed by SUSE for the development of the openSUSE distribution would temporarily turn to other tasks within the openSUSE project, as a result of which the release of version 13.2 was postponed from July to November 2014. Significant innovations are the Btrfs / XFS file system established in SUSE Linux Enterprise and the current version of KDE Plasma 5 , which, however, must be installed from the repositories.
At the same time, the project gave up its distribution variant, previously called Tumbleweed . The name was retained for the rolling release , which is generated from the development branch ( factory ) using snapshots that have been tested with openQA . Unlike other distributions, Tumbleweed is a tested rolling release , which is very good for stability.
openSUSE Leap
For the version released in autumn 2015, the development team has agreed on the name openSUSE Leap with the different version number 42.1. As in openSUSE Version 4.2 of May 1996, which was then called SuSE Linux, the number 42 refers to the question about "after life, the universe and all the rest" of the book series The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy . In the future, the substructure will consist of software components that use the latest SUSE Linux Enterprise ; The project wants to take over desktop surfaces and applications from Tumbleweed , the rolling release edition of openSUSE.
At the openSUSE conference held in Nuremberg in 2016, statistics were announced that the number of users has increased since the conceptual reorientation with openSUSE Leap 42.1. According to this, the number of downloads is 400,000 DVD images per month and the trend is rising. Every month there would be 1,600 installations added and 500,000 packages installed. The number of Tumbleweed users is 60,000, half of whom update frequently . This means that the number of tumbleweed installations has doubled in the last year.
Another thing you can see from the statistics is that most installations are done from DVD images. The dominant architecture is x64 . According to these figures, the geographical distribution of users has hardly changed. A third of the users are from Germany, 12% are in the US, 5% in Russia and 3% in Brazil.
Special features of the distribution
A significant feature of the distribution is the in-house installation and configuration tool YaST (“Yet another Setup Tool”), which is a central tool for installing, configuring and administering the system. The program also provides a convenient way to search for packages.
The tool zypper , which has been used as a backend for package management since openSUSE 10.2, enables the resolution of dependencies, the installation and removal of packages and update management. Zypper also offers solutions to satisfiability problems and SAT problems . The installed repositories in zypper are synchronized with those in YaST, since YaST itself also uses libzypp as the package management engine.
Up to version Leap 15.0 YaST offered a clear software selection structured in a topic tree based on the RPM groups. It was ideal for discovering new software on specific topics. With this, Suse stood out positively from many software management tools from other distributions. From version Leap 15.1 onwards there are only flat, unstructured package groups.
Compared to other home user distributions, openSUSE uses the LSB certification .
The build service enables developers and users to package software for openSUSE and thus integrate it firmly and automatically into openSUSE. This allows openSUSE to provide a large amount of software and different versions.
OpenSUSE is traditionally a KDE- centric distribution. Its desktop environment, based on the Qt library , has been installed as the standard desktop environment since the late 1990s. SUSE Linux GmbH supports the KDE project financially. After the takeover of SUSE by the software company Novell, which had previously bought the company Ximian (today's name: Xamarin ) from the Gnome founder Miguel de Icaza , the emphasis on development work shifted more towards Gnome. As of openSUSE 10.3, Gnome and KDE Plasma Workspaces were now available as equivalent options on those installation media that contained both platforms . From version 11.2, KDE is the standard interface again. In addition to live DVDs provided as installation media, the only one of these included two desktop environments. Additional desktop environments such as Blackbox , IceWM , LXDE , LXQt , Openbox , Window Maker and Xfce are also supplied on the installation media .
Another special feature was the SUSE support database and the SUSE component database. Both provided extensive information and assistance for the installation and configuration of the system and the corresponding hardware. Above all, the hardware database has also been actively used by users of other distributions. Both mechanisms were also included on the distribution media and thus supplemented the product documentation. The support database (SDB) has been integrated into the openSUSE Wiki .
Since openSUSE 10.3, the distribution offers the option of installing openSUSE from an existing Microsoft Windows installation with the instlux migration aid .
A test framework called openQA has been established since openSUSE 12.1 for the quality assurance of the continuously worked development branch . Basic functionality, e.g. B. Whether the boot loader, kernel and window management start as well as whether the standard programs such as browser and word processing are working properly can be checked continuously. Both the automatic installation and test component and the web interface were published as free software under the GNU GPL .
SUSE Linux products
openSUSE (formerly SuSE Linux)
- Is co-developed by the openSUSE community and published every 12 months.
- The distribution is available in several versions (KDE Live, Gnome Live, Full DVD, Netinstall) by download.
- Security and bug fix updates are offered for 18 months and are free of charge.
- Target group: private individuals
- Box versions are offered by third party providers such as the Open Source Press.
- Under the name “Evergreen”, selected versions as LTS were maintained by the community for an additional 6-30 months from 2011 to 2016 in order to enable longer use.
SUSE Linux Enterprise Desktop (SLED)
- The previous versions were named SUSE Linux Desktop 1 and Novell Linux Desktop 9 ( NLD ).
- Maintenance and security updates as well as support are offered for five or seven years, but require an active maintenance contract.
- Target group: Companies that need support and a long product life cycle for desktop systems
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server (SLES)
- Suitable for servers.
- Maintenance and security updates as well as support are offered for five or seven years, but require an active maintenance contract.
- Target group: companies
Branches of development
- openSUSE Factory is the main development branch of openSUSE. This branch leads to the respective upcoming release of the distribution.
- openSUSE Tumbleweed is a rolling release , but only with stable releases. Anyone can suggest new versions that the application developers consider stable. The administrators check this and ensure that there are no unpleasant surprises for the user when updating. This branch is aimed primarily at advanced users. In parallel to the release of openSUSE 13.2, Tumbleweed was combined with the "Factory" branch, which was previously managed separately.
Versions
SUSE Linux (up to version 10.1)
| version | publication | Kernel | LSB | annotation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.0 | March 1994 | 1.0.0 | - | |
| 1.0.9 | July 1994 | 1.0.9 | - | |
| 11/94 | November 1994 | - | On Slackware basis | |
| 4/95 | April 1995 | 1.2.9 | - | |
| 8/95 | August 1995 | - | ||
| 9/95 | September 1995 | - | Linux aktuell , released every 2 months, German Slackware distribution from SuSE GmbH | |
| 11/95 | November 1995 | 1.2.13 | - | First SuSE Linux |
| 4.2 | May 1996 | 1.2.13, 1.3.93 | - | First official SuSE Linux |
| 4.3 | September 1996 | 2.0.18 | - | |
| 4.4 | November 1996 | 2.0.25 | - | |
| 4.4.1 | February 1997 | - | ||
| 5.0 | June 1997 | 2.0.30 | - | Based on RPM |
| 5.1 | November 1997 | 2.0.32 | - | |
| 5.2 | March 23, 1998 | 2.0.33 | - | |
| 5.3 | October 9, 1998 | 2.0.35 | - | |
| 6.0 | December 21, 1998 | 2.0.36 | - | ALICE auto installation |
| 6.1 | April 7, 1999 | 2.2.5 | - | Support for AXP platform |
| 6.2 | August 12, 1999 | 2.2.10 | - | |
| 6.3 | November 25, 1999 | 2.2.13 | - | Support for PowerPC |
| 6.4 | March 27, 2000 | 2.2.14 | - | |
| 7.0 | September 27, 2000 | 2.2.16 | - | |
| 7.1 | January 24, 2001 | 2.2.18, 2.4.0 | - | First version on DVD. |
| 7.2 | June 15, 2001 | 2.2.19, 2.4.4 | - | |
| 7.3 | October 13, 2001 | 2.4.10 | - | |
| 8.0 | April 22, 2002 | 2.4.18 | - | First version of AutoYaST for automatic installation |
| 8.1 | September 30, 2002 | 2.4.19 | - | |
| 8.2 | April 7, 2003 | 2.4.20 | - | |
| 9.0 | October 15, 2003 | 2.4.21 | - | Support for AMD64 |
| 9.1 | April 23, 2004 | 2.6.4 | 1.3 | Unicode ( UTF-8 ) fully implemented |
| 9.2 | October 25, 2004 | 2.6.8 | 2.0 | |
| 9.3 | April 16, 2005 | 2.6.11.4 | - | |
| 10.0 | October 6, 2005 | 2.6.13 | 3.0 | Support from the openSUSE project |
| 10.1 | May 11, 2006 | 2.6.16.13 | - | On October 13, 2006, SUSE Linux 10.1 was released again as a "Remastered Edition", which contained all updates released up to then. |
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Legend:
Old version
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openSUSE (up to version 13.2)
| version | Code name | LTS | publication | End of support | Kernel | LSB | annotation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.2 | ✘ | December 7, 2006 | November 30, 2008 | 2.6.18 | 3.1 | ext3 replaces ReiserFS , better support for internal card readers, introduction of the suse-updater and zypper , KDE 3.5, Gnome 2.16, Xfce 4.2, Mesa 6.5, X.Org 1.2, OpenOffice 2.0 | |
| 10.3 | ✘ | 4th October 2007 | October 31, 2009 | 2.6.22 | Presentation of the 1-click install feature, KDE 3.5, Gnome 2.20, Xfce 4.4, Mesa 7.0, X.Org 1.3, OpenOffice 2.3 | ||
| 11.0 | ✘ | June 19, 2008 | July 26, 2010 | 2.6.25 | Revision of the installer design, KDE SC 4.0, Gnome 2.22, Xfce 4.4, Mesa 7.0, X.Org 1.4, OpenOffice 2.4 | ||
| 11.1 | ✔ | December 18, 2008 | April 13, 2012 | 2.6.27 | 3.2 | Revision of various YaST modules, introduction of a YaST security module, KDE SC 4.1, Gnome 2.24, Xfce 4.4, Mesa 7.2, X.Org 1.5, OpenOffice 3.0 | |
| 11.2 | Emerald | ✔ | November 12, 2009 | 1. November 2013 | 2.6.31 | 4.0 | ext4 replaces ext3 , presentation of the Web YaST configuration tool , support for in-place upgrades using zypper , KDE SC 4.3, Gnome 2.28, Xfce 4.6, Mesa 7.6, X.Org 1.6, OpenOffice 3.1 |
| 11.3 | Teal | ✘ | July 15, 2010 | January 20, 2012 | 2.6.34 | Official support of the btrfs file system, LXDE is offered for the first time as an additional desktop environment , KDE SC 4.4, Gnome 2.30, Xfce 4.6, Mesa 7.8, X.Org 1.8, OpenOffice 3.2 | |
| 11.4 | Celadon | ✔ | March 10, 2011 | July 1, 2014 | 2.6.37 | Optimization of the boot process, implementation of the MultiCurl backend for ZYpp , KDE SC 4.5, Gnome 2.32, Xfce 4.8, Mesa 7.10, X.Org 1.9, OpenOffice 3.3 | |
| 12.1 | Asparagus | ✘ | November 16, 2011 | May 15, 2013 | 3.1 | OpenOffice.org is replaced by LibreOffice 3.4, introduction of snapper for btrfs , systemd replaces init , KDE SC 4.7, Gnome 3.2, Xfce 4.8, Mesa 7.11, X.Org 1.10 | |
| 12.2 | Mantis | ✘ | 5th September 2012 | 15th January 2014 | 3.4 | Changeover to GRUB 2 , introduction of Plymouth | |
| 12.3 | Dartmouth | ✘ | 13th March 2013 | 19th January 2015 | 3.7 | Among other things, the MySQL database was replaced by MariaDB and support for UEFI Secure Boot was incorporated; Since the two direct start systems with KDE Software Compilation (edition 4.10) and Gnome (edition 3.6) are now too big for normal CDs , a rescue system called Rescue - with around 570 megabytes and the desktop environment Xfce (edition 4.10) - is now offered | |
| 13.1 | Bottle | ✔ | 19th November 2013 | November 30, 2016 | 3.11 | YaST porting from YCP to Ruby. Long-term support from the Evergreen project | |
| 13.2 | Harlequin | ✘ | 4th November 2014 | 18th January 2017 | 3.16 | Revised YaST installer and btrfs is used as the new standard file system. Gnome has been updated to version 3.14 and contains, among other things, new animations, better handling of WiFi hotspots and improvements in the applications. KDE applications come in version 4.14.2 and Xfce in version 4.10. Wicked is now the management program for the network and initial ramdisks are created using dracut . | |
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Legend:
Old version
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openSUSE Leap (from version 42.1)
| version | Code name | publication | End of support | Kernel | LSB | annotation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 42.1 | Malachite | 4th November 2015 | May 16, 2017 | 4.1 | 5.0 | In contrast to previous versions, it is not based on openSUSE Tumbleweed, but on SUSE Linux Enterprise 12.1. Due to the changed distribution base, the version nomenclature and the support duration of the distribution were also adapted. The publication of new versions is based on the SLES product cycle . Basically, a version should be supported for at least 36 months. Annual product updates lead to an increase in the minor version, whereby these are supported for 18 months from publication. As one of the few Linux distributions, openSUSE Leap 42.1 recommends the file system btrfs for the system partition and XFS for data partitions. KDE Plasma Workspaces 4 will be replaced by KDE Plasma 5 version 5.4. The Gnome desktop environment has been updated to version 3.16. Xfce 4.12 and MATE 1.10 can also be used as a desktop environment. The distribution also contains the free graphics library Mesa 3D in version 11.0, the compiler suite GCC 4.8 and LibreOffice 5.0 |
|
| 42.2 | November 16, 2016 | January 26, 2018 | 4.4 | Updates from Leap 42.1: systemd 228, Gnome 3.20, Qt , Kernel 4.4, KDE Plasma 5.8
No change from Leap 42.1: X Window System |
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| 42.3 | July 26, 2017 | June 30, 2019 | |||||
| 15.0 | May 25, 2018 | 3rd December 2019 | 4.12 | Updates from Leap 42.3: RPM Package Manager 4.14, KDE Plasma 5.12, Gnome 3.26, Xfce 4.12, MATE 1.20, Budgie 10.4, | |||
| 15.1 | May 22, 2019 | End of November 2020 | 4.12 | Updates compared to Leap 15.0: the NetworkManager for laptops and desktops is used as standard . YaST has an improved partitioner, better management of services, and a new user interface for managing firewalls. OEM support for Slimbook and TUXEDO computers. Support for container technology like Singularity | |||
| 15.2 | 2nd July 2020 | End of December 2021 | 5.3 | Updates compared to Leap 15.1: Various artificial intelligence and machine learning packages have been added to Leap. With the new container technologies that are supported, openSUSE users now have more options to develop, ship and provide containerized applications. YaST has been further improved. The Yast partitioner can now manage the Btrfs file system. | |||
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Legend:
Older version; no longer supported
Older version; still supported
Current version
Future version
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Derivatives
Known descendants ( derivatives ):
- GeckoLinux
- available in the versions Static (based on openSUSE Leap) and Rolling (based on openSUSE Tumbleweed).
- JackLab
- with Enlightenment desktop, real-time kernel and software for musicians, media artists, producers of music (the project has been discontinued).
- kmLinux
- Distribution optimized for use as workstation computers in schools.
- Linkat
- Distribution of the Ministry of Education of the Generalitat de Catalunya, specifically for use in educational institutions.
- Linux sample solution
- Server version distributed by the Baden-Württemberg State Media Center for school use (up to version 2.3, 2007).
- NetSecL
- Live DVD focused on security.
- openSUSE Education
- an additional DVD for openSUSE containing over 100 applications for schools and universities.
- openSUSE Medical
- a distribution based on SUSE Studio for doctors, clinics and medical students.
See also
Web links
- openSUSE.org project website with forum and German-language wiki
- Literature about openSUSE 11 in the catalog of the German National Library
- Link catalog on SuSE Linux at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
- Linupedia Wiki from the Linux Club (responsible Thomas Mönkemeier)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Alexandra Kleijn: Suse Linux becomes Opensuse. Heise online , July 13, 2006, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ^ Andreas Jaeger: SUSE Linux 10.2 Alpha2 Release - and distribution rename. opensuse.org, July 13, 2006, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ openSUSE: Statistics - openSUSE. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Portal: Distribution - openSUSE. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ^ Jurix - Linux distribution (English) - text document by Florian La Roche. April 24, 1996. Retrieved February 28, 2012.
- ↑ Jörg Thoma: Test: KDE is fun with Opensuse 11.2. Golem.de , November 12, 2009, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Successful completion of the acquisition of Novell by The Attachmate Group. ( Memento from September 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) The Attachmate Group. Retrieved April 28, 2011.
- ↑ http://www.attachmate.com/Press/PressReleases/nov-22-2010.htm Attachmate Corporation to Acquire Novell, Inc. attachmate.com. Retrieved December 7, 2010.
- ↑ Andre von Raison: Attachmate and Microsoft: The End of Novell Sales Rumors. Heise online, November 22, 2010, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Michal Hrušecký: [opensuse-factory] Timeline and roadmap V2. lists.opensuse.org, January 30, 2014, accessed February 2, 2014 .
- ↑ Liane M. Dubowy: In the test: OpenSuse 13.2. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ↑ heise online: OpenSuse is merging its two rolling release distributions. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ↑ heise online: OpenSuse relies on “42” on the substructure of Suse Linux Enterprise. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Opensuse with increasing user numbers - Pro-Linux. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ↑ Sneak Peeks at openSUSE 11.0: Package Management, with Duncan Mac-Vicar. opensuse.org, June 6, 2008, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Entry in the "LSB Certification Register" . linuxfoundation.org. Retrieved October 19, 2010.
- ↑ en.opensuse.org SDB: Instlux , with data carrier
- ^ Heise.de : Automated software tests with OpenQA , October 12, 2011.
- ↑ opensuse: openSUSE: Roadmap. In: https://en.opensuse.org/openSUSE:Roadmap . opensuse.org, August 6, 2018, accessed November 1, 2018 .
- ↑ Michael Loeffler: Change in maintenance for openSUSE 11.2 and future versions. opensuse.org, August 14, 2009, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Software / Video Training - Open Source Press. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 16, 2015 ; Retrieved November 5, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ openSUSE: Evergreen - openSUSE. Retrieved May 15, 2020 .
- ^ Portal: Tumbleweed. opensuse.org, accessed October 25, 2017 .
- ↑ Ferdinand Thommes: OpenSUSE merges "Tumbleweed" and "Factory". pro-linux.de, October 27, 2014, accessed on March 20, 2015 .
- ↑ Documentation of AutoYaST. (No longer available online.) Users.suse.com, archived from the original on April 30, 2010 ; accessed on October 19, 2010 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Andreas Jaeger: SUSE Linux 10.1 “Remastered” available. opensuse.org, October 13, 2006, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Michael Löffler: Release of openSUSE 10.2. lists.opensuse.org, December 7, 2006, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Marcus Meissner: openSUSE 10.2 has reached End of Life. lists.opensuse.org, December 16, 2008, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Michael Löffler: openSUSE 10.3 available. lists.opensuse.org, October 4, 2007, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Marcus Meissner: Advance notice of discontinuation of openSUSE 10.3. lists.opensuse.org, August 11, 2009, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Joe Brockmeier: Announcing openSUSE 11.0 GM. lists.opensuse.org, June 19, 2008, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Marcus Meissner: openSUSE 11.0 has reached End Of Life. lists.opensuse.org, July 26, 2010, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ News Team: Announcing openSUSE 11.0 GM. news.opensuse.org, June 19, 2008, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Michael Löffler: Announcing openSUSE 11.1 Final. lists.opensuse.org, December 18, 2008, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ^ Wolfgang Rosenauer: Evergreen project status update. Wolfgang Rosenauer, November 18, 2011, accessed on December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ News Team: openSUSE 11.1 Released! news.opensuse.org, December 18, 2008, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Portal: 11.1. opensuse.org, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Joe Brockmeier: openSUSE 11.2 is out! lists.opensuse.org, November 12, 2008, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Supported distributions. opensuse.org, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ News Team: openSUSE 11.2 Released! news.opensuse.org, November 12, 2009, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Portal: 11.2. opensuse.org, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Michael Löffler: Please welcome openSUSE 11.3. lists.opensuse.org, July 15, 2010, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Benjamin Brunner: openSUSE 11.3 has reached end of SUSE support. lists.opensuse.org, January 20, 2012, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ News Team: openSUSE 11.3 is here! news.opensuse.org, July 15, 2010, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Portal: 11.3. opensuse.org, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Henne Vogelsang: openSUSE 11.4 - A New Hallmark For The openSUSE Project. lists.opensuse.org, March 10, 2011, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Wolfgang Rosenauer: openSUSE 11.4 has reached end of Evergreen support. lists.opensuse.org, September 27, 2014, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ News Team: openSUSE 11.4 - A New Hallmark For The openSUSE Project. news.opensuse.org, March 10, 2011, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Portal: 11.4. opensuse.org, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Jos Poortvliet: openSUSE 12.1: All Green! opensuse.org, November 16, 2011, accessed January 5, 2014 .
- ↑ Benjamin Brunner: openSUSE 12.1 has reached end of SUSE support. lists.opensuse.org, June 13, 2013, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Jos Poortvliet: openSUSE Project Releases openSUSE 12.1. lists.opensuse.org, November 16, 2011, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Jos Poortvliet: openSUSE 12.1: All Green! news.opensuse.org, November 16, 2011, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Portal: 12.1. opensuse.org, accessed December 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Christopher Hofmann: openSUSE Project Releases openSUSE 12.2. lists.opensuse.org, September 5, 2012, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Benjamin Brunner: openSUSE 12.2 has reached end of SUSE support. lists.opensuse.org, January 27, 2014, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Andreas Proschofsky: openSUSE 12.2: The chameleon among Linux distributions. derStandard.at, September 5, 2012, accessed on October 1, 2012 .
- ↑ Jos Poortvliet: openSUSE Project Releases openSUSE 12.3. lists.opensuse.org, March 13, 2013, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Benjamin Brunner: openSUSE 12.3 has reached end of SUSE support. lists.opensuse.org, February 2, 2015, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Jörg Thoma: Linux distributions: Opensuse 12.3 released. Golem.de , March 13, 2013, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ Size of the ISO image file: 566,231,040 bytes
- ↑ Dr. Oliver Diedrich: The innovations in Opensuse 12.3. Heise online, March 13, 2013, accessed January 5, 2014 .
- ↑ Agustin Benito Bethencourt: openSUSE 13.1, ready for action. lists.opensuse.org, November 19, 2013, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Supported Regular distributions. opensuse.org, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Andy Anditosan: openSUSE Milestone 4. opensuse.org, August 12, 2013, accessed January 10, 2014 .
- ↑ Jos Poortvliet: Coming soon: openSUSE 13.1 with YaST in Ruby. opensuse.org, October 10, 2013, accessed January 11, 2014 .
- ↑ Jos Poortvliet: Upcoming openSUSE 13.1 will be kept Evergreen. pro-linux.de, October 9, 2014, accessed October 27, 2014 .
- ↑ openSUSE: Evergreen supported distributions. opensuse.org, accessed October 29, 2014 .
- ↑ Henne Vogelsang: openSUSE 13.2: green light to freedom! lists.opensuse.org, November 4, 2014, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ Benjamin Brunner: openSUSE 13.2 has reached end of SUSE support , January 18, 2017.
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- ↑ Richard Brown: openSUSE Leap 42.1 is RELEASED. lists.opensuse.org, November 4, 2015, accessed December 8, 2015 .
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- ↑ Thorsten Leemhuis: OpenSuse Leap 42.1: Name and version “jump” in OpenSuse Linux. heise.de, July 7, 2015, accessed on July 7, 2015 .
- ↑ Richard Brown: Will we have additional repositories for Leap as we have currently? lists.opensuse.org, October 19, 2015, accessed December 8, 2015 .
- ↑ a b Richard Brown: openSUSE Face-to-Face Board Meeting 2016 Minutes - Part 1/3. http: //rootco.deg/ , March 20, 2016, accessed April 1, 2016 (English).
- ↑ a b c RBrownSUSE: openSUSE lifetime. opensuse.org, July 26, 2017, accessed July 26, 2017 .
- ^ Douglas DeMaio: Refresh of Linux Distribution Continues Leveraging Community, Enterprise Benefits. opensuse.org, July 26, 2017, accessed July 26, 2017 .
- ↑ Opensuse Leap 42.3 expands long-term care. Golem.de, July 26, 2017, accessed on July 26, 2017 .
- ↑ Douglas DeMaio: openSUSE Leap 42.3 End of Life is Extended. opensuse.org, August 8, 2018, accessed August 9, 2018 .
- ↑ Richard Brown: openSUSE Leap's Next Major Version Number. lists.opensuse.org, April 22, 2017, accessed July 28, 2017 .
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- ↑ OpenSUSE Leap 15 will be released on May 25th. pro-linux.de, April 19, 2018, accessed on April 23, 2018 .
- ↑ Markus Meissner: openSUSE Leap 15.0 has reached end of SUSE support. opensuse.org, December 3, 2019, accessed December 3, 2019 .
- ↑ Ludwig Nussel: openSUSE Leap 15.1 in the works. lists.opensuse.org, November 20, 2018, accessed February 9, 2019 .
- ↑ openSUSE Leap 15.1 - An Outlook. curius.de, April 6, 2019, accessed on April 17, 2019 .
- ↑ Release announcement 15.1
- ↑ openSUSE: Roadmap Leap 15.2. de.opensuse.org, April 29, 2020, accessed July 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Opensuse Leap 15.2 is ready. Linux-Magazin.de, June 30, 2020, accessed on July 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Release announcement 15.2
- ↑ Ferdinand Thommes: GeckoLinux repackages Opensuse Leap and Tumbleweed , Pro-Linux , December 21, 2016.
- ↑ JackLab has closed. jacklab.org, accessed January 7, 2014 .
- ↑ kmLinux documentation
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