Orgies-Rutenberg (noble family)

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Coat of arms of the noble family Orgies-Rutenberg

Orgies-Rutenberg is the name of a Baltic aristocratic family , which came from Braunschweig in their original tribe and immigrated to Livonia via Pomerania and later settled in Kurland . In addition to a number of high-ranking officers , the sex of the orgies has spawned a number of well-known personalities. According to the Senate Ukas of April 3, 1862, No. 2823, the Orgies family called Rutenberg is entitled to use the baron title .

history

In the "Small Estonia List" compiled in 1241 by Thorkill von Ribe , Bishop of Reval , one finds a "Leo de Reno" and a "Henricus de Rine", both of which owned a large amount of land. Despite the different spelling, it is assumed that these could be brothers who immigrated from Pomerania and came from a vassal family resident there called "von Rhein". Their home of origin could "probably have come from the Rhineland to Pomerania in the course of the German conquest in the east". For families of German origin who immigrated to Old Livonia , it was customary to choose the place where you had property and goods and where you lived had placed to name. The then "de Reno" or "de Rine" were named after the village of Orrenhof , with which Leo de Reno was enfeoffed in 1241, as can be found in the Revaler list. Later a Henricos Orghos, who can be identified as a knight Henricus de Orghys in 1296, is mentioned. Since his son Leo de Orghys had the same coat of arms as the Pomeranian "von Rhein", it can be assumed that Leo de Reno is also the progenitor of the noble family Orgies-Rutenberg that is still today.

In old Livonia

The orgies had settled in the Harrien - Wierland district in Old Livonia and in 1306 knight Leo de Orgies was politically active there as district administrator, they were well disposed towards Danish rule. In 1346, large areas of old Livonia came under the rule of the Livonian Order , despite the resistance - the nobility sympathizing with Denmark . In addition to other families of German and Pomeranian descent, no other orgies settled in the area of ​​the order and were still not registered there.

In Livonia

For the next two and a half centuries, the orgies settled on the Liv side of the Archbishopric of Riga and became neighbors of the noble families Koskull , Pahlen and Aderkas ; they acquired the Idell (Orgieshof) and Zernau (Wrangelhof) estates. Her descendants of the count pin Vogt to Teiden, Heinrich Orgiesein son of Nicolaus Orges. Only from the 15th century can an orderly line of trunks beginning with Odert Orgies (1424–1444) be identified.

Idell (Orgieshof)

In 1531 the master of the order Wolter von Plettenberg confirmed to Reinhold Orgas the possession of the goods belonging to his ancestors, the following goods: Idell, Eichenangern and Zarnau. In 1597 King Sigismund III. Wasa (1566–1632) confirmed to Philip Orgas zu Frauenberg , to whom those goods were inherited. Since he had no male offspring, he pledged the orgy yard to Frau von Zoege . Through several inheritances and pledges, the Orlishof came to Jürgen Zoege in 1636, to Wolmar Ungern in 1637 , and to Johann Adolph Baron Ungern-Sternberg in 1757 , who ultimately sold it to Adam Burchard von Ceumern.

Oak trees

Eichenangern was owned by the Orgies for many years and was sold by Bertram Orgies to Fabian von Ungern zu Prückel in 1565. In 1632 it was owned by Elisabeth von Ungern and in 1654 it passed to Wolter Stackelberg through marriage . Again through inheritance and later sale, it came to the Privy Councilor of Völkersam in 1785 .

Zernau (Wrangelhof)

This estate also belonged to the Orgies family and was confirmed in 1531 by the master of the order Plettenberg to Reinhold Orgies, whose son Bertram owned it in 1542. The daughter of this Bertram Orgy was married to the Chancellor of the Bishop of Dorpat , whose son Bertram thereby obtained an inheritance right to Zernau, which in turn was given by Sigismund III. has been confirmed. In 1630 the widow Wessel, who considered herself the heir to the orgies, received this property and in 1637 it belonged to Jürgen Wessel. It then became the property of the Swedish Crown and King Carl XI. left it to the post director Statius Stein in 1677.

In Courland

When Poland and Sweden fought out their struggle for superpower position on the Baltic Sea on Livonian soil at the end of the 16th century , the orgies left their headquarters in the former archbishopric of Riga and migrated to Courland . Philipp Orgies and his brother Matthias belonged to the Polish party within the nobility and stood with King Sigismund III. in high favor.

Doubts of origin and differences in coats of arms

There is a coat of arms similarity with the one from Hildesheim coming, Diamond Mountain , which has led to the assumption that the Orgies-Rutenberg with the diamond mountain in the pen Hildesheim could be a tribe. This statement is a document not be justified and is probably based solely on the crest similarity of both sexes.

Origin of name

The origins of the Orgies-Rutenberg can be traced back to Leo de Reno, "other branches occurred in Lucerne , Rhineland, Braunschweig, Lüneburg , Holland and Belgium ...". The Braunschweiger were called to Pomerania by the dukes Bogislav II and Casimir II and enfeoffed in 1187 with wild field marks on Wollin . The family members "de Reno" or "de Rine" renamed themselves after the village of Orkae (Estonian Oru and German Orrenhof), which then became Orgies. The double name "Orgies gen. Rutenberg" appeared for the first time in 1598 on the will of a Wilhelm Orgy in the documented sources of Courland. The reference to Rutenberg is unknown, but may be related to the similarity of the coat of arms with the gender of the von Rutenberg family. Nevertheless, the double name "Orgies gen. Rutenberg" is mentioned more often in documents and found its place in the official correspondence of the royal chancellery in Warsaw even before that. Finally the name Orgies gen. Rutenberg settled in Kurland and later changed to the modern spelling “Orgies-Rutenberg”.

Coat of arms origin

  • Coat of arms of the orgies called Rutenberg

  • Coat of arms of the von Rautenbergs

The coat of arms of the “de Reno” from Pomerania showed three red diamonds (2: 1) in the silver field and a red diamond on the crowned helmet between two white feather feathers, the helmet covers were silver and red. In the coat of arms of the Orgies called Rutenberg, three black diamonds (2: 1) are arranged in the golden shield . In older depictions, the helmet decoration is often different: sometimes it is only the three diamonds (2: 1) or the wings are silver or gold and only the 3 diamonds between them. The coat of arms of the Rautenbergs, which does not go back to the coat of arms of the "de Renos", shows black diamonds in two rows, sometimes varying, on the shield. The helmet ornament is also shown differently, such as a pointed red hat

Name bearer

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The "Small Estonia List" is "the directory that has not attained official validity. It was later combined in Denmark with a number of other manuscripts, some of which were not official ones , to form the collective volume of the Liber Census Daniae ... the so-called" Small Estonia List " , has no internal connection with the actual Estonia list, it was linked to the rest of the text by chance ... Personal names form an essential part of the Estonia list. The aristocratic history part deals with the distribution of property and one of the most important problems is the question of how the German aristocratic settlement in Estonia came about ... The second section of this part is a list of the landowners named in the LCD , with an attempt to identify the individual names , as well as a list of the noble families of the Danish era ”; In: Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences - TELOTA (The Electronic Life Of The Academy); "Annual reports for German history" from the interwar period (Vols. 1–14, reporting years 1925–1938); (H. Dopkewitsch) § 65.Baltic States , accessed May 30, 2016.
  2. ^ Rutenberg gen. Von Orgies, Otto Johann Joseph Gotthard von, since 1862 a baron. In: Carola L. Gottzmann and Petra Hörner, Lexicon of German-Language Literature from the Baltic States and St. Petersburg: From the Middle Ages to the Present , illustrated edition, new edition, Verlag Walter de Gruyter , 2007, ISBN 3110912139 , online , Google Books , p. 1099 .
  3. ↑ Compare: Oskar Stavenhagen : Genealogical Manual of the Courland Knights , p. 667 ff.
  4. ↑ In the following text always written as "Orgies"
  5. ↑ a b c d e Heinrich von Hagemeister : Materials for a history of the country estates of Livonia , Volume 1, Verlag Frantzen, Riga 1836, original from Bayerische Staatsbibliothek , digitized July 18, 2011, pp. 140 ff. Google Books .
  6. ↑ Orgies called Rutenberg. In: Genealogical Handbook of the Baltic Knighthoods , Görlitz o. J., p. 670.
  7. ↑ a b from Rhine. In: Julius Theodor Bagmihl : Pommersches Wappenbuch , Volume 2, Verlag HG Effenbart's Erbin, Stettin 1846, p. 223 , original from Austrian National Library Google Books .
  8. ↑ von Rhein Info - Note on the spelling of the family name "von Rhein"
  9. ↑ In heraldry , diamond-shaped elements are also called Wecke and Spindel, and the square on top is also called an edge cube
  10. ↑ Small heraldry: The coat of arms of the Pomeranian "von Rhein" line Note on the spelling of the family name "von Rhein"
  11. ^ Carl Arvid Klingspor / Adolf Matthias Hildebrandt : Baltic Wappenbuch, coats of arms of all noble families belonging to the knights of Livonia, Estonia, Courland and Oesel, Stockholm, 1882 online ; Munich Digitization Center (MDZ), VII. Appendix, containing the alphabetical index of the names and surnames of all those genders whose coats of arms are contained in this coat of arms, together with corrections etc., Table No. 80.