Orosháza

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Orosháza
Coat of arms of Orosháza
Orosháza (Hungary)
Orosháza
Orosháza
Basic data
State : Hungary
Region : Southern Great Plain
County : Békés
Small area until December 31, 2012 : Orosháza
District since 1.1.2013 : Orosháza
Coordinates : 46 ° 34 ′  N , 20 ° 40 ′  E Coordinates: 46 ° 34 ′ 0 ″  N , 20 ° 40 ′ 0 ″  E
Area : 202.22  km²
Residents : 29,342 (Jan. 1, 2011)
Population density : 145 inhabitants per km²
Telephone code : (+36) 68
Postal code : 5900, 5903, 5911, 5931
KSH kódja: 23065
Structure and administration (as of 2017)
Community type : city
Mayor : Zoltán Dávid (Fidesz-KDNP)
Postal address : Szabadság tér 4–6.
5900 Orosháza
Website :
(Source: A Magyar Köztársaság helységnévkönyve 2011. január 1st at Központi statisztikai hivatal )
Monument to St. Stephen , Protestant Church

Orosháza is a Hungarian city ​​in the district of the same name in Békés County .

geography

Orosháza is located in the Great Hungarian Plain , in southeast Hungary , on the Békéser Plain, which is bounded by the Mureș and Körös rivers.

history

Orosháza was first mentioned in a document as early as 1466, but after it was conquered by the Ottomans it was a desert . It was not until 1744 that the place in the Puszta was repopulated by evicted Protestants from the city of Zomba .

In the first half of the 19th century the place was still a village with 6000 mostly Lutheran inhabitants, has horse, wind and oil mills, strong viticulture, important cattle, sheep and pig breeding . The connection to the Nagyvárad-Fiume railway line in 1870 brought the agricultural town an upswing with the establishment of instruc- tion companies.

In 1891, after a May Day celebration , workers clashed with the ku gendarmerie and the military. Fire was opened on the unarmed demonstrators, over 100 people were injured, some seriously. Between the world wars, Orosháza, with its then 25,000 inhabitants, was the largest village in Hungary . This is what the writer József Darvas called his sociographic work about his hometown , published in 1937 . In May 1944 the Jewish population of the town and the surrounding area was ghettoized by the Hungarian administration and at the end of June forced to walk to Békéscsaba , from where they were deported to the Strasshof transit camp.

In 1946 Orosháza received city ​​rights .

Population development

The population is currently decreasing.

Town twinning

Culture and sights

  • Evangelical Baroque Church , built in 1777, expanded in 1830
  • Nagytatársánc, the largest former earth fortress on the Hungarian plain
  • János Szántó Kovács Museum
  • József Darvas House of Literature
  • Municipal picture gallery
  • Rágyánszki arboretum
  • The water tower at Könd utca 1 houses Hungary's only fountain museum.

Economy and Infrastructure

Industrial companies on the northern outskirts

The city is an important center for economy, education and culture in the region. Orosháza is known for its Gyopáros spa , which has existed since 1869. The largest companies are active in the field of poultry processing (Orosház goose liver ) and the production of glass.

Orosháza is well served by railways, bus routes and motorways. The city lies on the railway lines Szeged – Békéscsaba (135), Mezőtúr – Mezőhegyes (125) and Kiskunfélegyháza – Orosháza (147) of the MÁV , as well as on the main road 47 .

sons and daughters of the town

literature

  • Orosháza , in: Guy Miron (Ed.): The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust . Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2009 ISBN 978-965-308-345-5 , p. 554

Web links

Commons : Orosháza  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Oroshaza
  2. ^ Franz Gräffer, Johann Jacob Heinrich Czikann: Oesterreichische National-Encyklopädie or alphabetical presentation of the most interesting properties of the Austrian Empire . Six volumes, Volume 4: N to Sedria , Beck'sche Universitätsbuchhandlung, Vienna 1836, p. 117.
  3. ^ Árpád von Klimó : Nation, Denomination, History. On the national historical culture of Hungary in the European context (1860–1948) . Verlag Oldenbourg, Munich 2003, ISBN 3-486-56746-2 , p. 172.
  4. ↑ Orosháza . City guide with a plan. Publi-CITI, Orosháza 2000.