Pâncota
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Pâncota Pankota |
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| Basic data | |||||
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| State : |
 Romania
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| Historical region : | Screeching area | ||||
| Circle : | Arad | ||||
| Coordinates : | 46 ° 20 ' N , 21 ° 42' E | ||||
| Time zone : | EET ( UTC +2) | ||||
| Height : | 110 m | ||||
| Area : | 66.96 km² | ||||
| Residents : | 6,946 (October 20, 2011) | ||||
| Population density : | 104 inhabitants per km² | ||||
| Postal code : | 315600 | ||||
| Telephone code : | (+40) 02 57 | ||||
| License plate : | AR | ||||
| Structure and administration (as of 2016) | |||||
| Community type : | city | ||||
| Structure : | 1 District / cadastral municipality: Măderat | ||||
| Mayor : | Dan-Ștefan Pocrișer ( PSD ) | ||||
| Postal address : | St. T. Vladimirescu, no. 68 loc. Pâncota, jud. Arad, RO-315 600 |
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| Website : | |||||
| Others | |||||
| City Festival : | June | ||||
Pâncota or Pîncota [ ˈpɨnkota ] ( German and Hungarian Pankota ) is a small town in the Arad district in Romania .
Geographical location
Pâncota is located in western Romania, in the easternmost part of the Great Hungarian Plain , on the western edge of the Apuseni Mountains . The district capital Arad is located about 35 km southwest. Pâncota is on the Arad- Brad railway line . Five local trains run daily in both directions (2009). There are bus connections to Arad and Câmpeni . The local Arad – Podgoria railway to Pâncota ran until 1991 .
history
In the area of today's city remains of a Dacian settlement from the 2nd / 3rd centuries. Century found. The name Villa Pankotha was first mentioned in 1202/1203; however, the assignment to today's city is uncertain. According to the historian Sándor Márki, there is evidence of a Benedictine abbey on the territory of Pâncota in 1216 ; the settlement probably formed around the abbey. Pâncota was then part of the Kingdom of Hungary .
After the Mongol invasion in 1241 a castle was built. In 1322 the abbey became the seat of an archdeaconate . The Hungarian King Ludwig I donated the castle to the Losonczy family in 1375, who owned it for around 170 years. In 1475 Pâncota was elevated to an oppidum (market place).
After the battle of Mohács (1526) the Kingdom of Hungary fell apart. Pâncota became part of the principality of Transylvania, which was dependent on the Ottoman Empire, and was finally occupied and sacked by the Turks; the Benedictine abbey went out. The Transylvanian prince Sigismund Báthory recaptured Pâncota in 1595 before the town was again taken over by the Turks. During the Ottoman occupation, Pâncota was the seat of a subordinate administrative unit.
After several defeats by Turkish troops against the Austrians, Pâncota came to Austria-Hungary in the Treaty of Karlowitz in 1699 . Hungarians first settled in the village. It became the seat of feudal rule; in the years 1756 and 1784 there were revolts of the serf peasants.
In 1776, 46 German families settled in Pâncota as part of the First Swabian Train; In 1817 another 11 families from Gosheim followed . During this time Duke Schulkowsky, who came from Poland, bought the estate in Pâncota.
economy
In the second half of the 19th century, Pâncota became the largest market town in Arad County . Intensive viticulture began. The estate of the ducal family fell into disrepair during the First World War and came into the possession of the Romanian state in 1918/1920 after the region was annexed to Romania.
After the First World War, a furniture factory was founded. However, most of the residents continued to make a living from agriculture. During the time of communist rule and even more so after the 1989 revolution , most of the German residents emigrated to the Federal Republic of Germany . In 1968 Pâncota was declared a city.
The main industries are agriculture and food processing . There is also a brick factory , a car accessories factory , a wood processing company , clothing factories , a bakery and a mill .
In 2011, near Pâncota, an oil deposit of around 1.5 million tonnes with an estimated value of over one billion euros was discovered by the Universal Premium Bucharest company . According to managing director Victor Roşu , the company has so far invested around ten million euros in research and prospecting , and by the time the funding starts, this amount will increase to 15 million euros. The exploitation is estimated at 20 years. The oil is located in the relatively shallow depth of 500 to 2100 meters. The drilling on the site started in August 2011 and resumed at the beginning of April 2012 after an interruption in the winter months. According to Mayor Josef Retter, the extraction of oil reserves will help create 250 new jobs.
population
In 1880, 6,217 people lived in the area of today's city, of which 3,468 Romanians , 1,341 Hungarians and 1,078 Germans . 4132 lived in Pâncota itself, in 2085 in Măderat, which is now incorporated . As early as 1910, the population peaked at 8,022 and has been falling since then. In the 2002 census, 7,186 inhabitants were registered in Pâncota, including 5699 Romanians, 604 Hungarians, 589 Roma , 216 Germans, 50 Ukrainians and 22 Slovaks . 5804 lived in the city proper, 1382 in Măderat.
Attractions
- Sulkowski Palace (1825–1850), today town hall
- City center (mostly 19th century)
- historical post office (18th century)
- Cetatea Turcească ( Turkish Castle ), presumably from pre- Turkish times (13th century)
Born in Pâncota
- Gergely Csiky (1842-1891), Hungarian playwright
See also
literature
- Elke Hoffmann, Peter-Dietmar Leber , Walter Wolf (Red.): Cities and Villages. Contributions to the settlement history of the Germans in the Banat (= The Banat and the Banat Swabians. Vol. 5). Landsmannschaft der Banat Schwaben, Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-922979-63-0 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ 2011 census in Romania ( MS Excel ; 1.3 MB)
- ↑ a b c www.pancota.home.ro, accessed on March 24, 2009 ( Memento from February 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ www.pancota.home.ro, accessed on March 24, 2009 ( Memento from February 25, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Website of the hometown community of Pankota
- ↑ a b Document of the HOG Pankota, accessed on March 24, 2009
- ↑ adz.ro , ADZ , Balthasar Waitz : The unrecovered treasure of Pankota. Oil reserves worth one billion euros discovered on April 19, 2012
- ↑ 2002 census, accessed on March 24, 2009 (PDF; 784 kB)
