Police training in Bavaria

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Association badge of the Bavarian riot police

The training at the Bavarian police is divided into several sections and different subject areas and focuses.

The number of new officers employed by the Bavarian Police differ from year to year. In 2005 only approx. 250, in 2006 approx. 300 applicants for the middle class and in 2005/2006 approx. 40 applicants for the upper class were hired. In 2010, the number of recruits in the middle service was 1300 and in the higher service 120. The recruitment figures are based on economic aspects (among other things, depending on the budgetary position of the Free State ) and the authority's staffing requirements . The number of applicants in 2011 was around 11,000 applicants who passed the recruitment test for the 2nd qualification level. The number of applicants for the 3rd qualification level was around 2,400.

Hiring takes place twice a year; on March 1st and September 1st, in the special Munich program on January 1st and July 1st. The recruitment tests are carried out continuously.

Career choice and application process

Since there has only been one career since January 1, 2011, there is no longer a distinction between middle and senior service. The middle service now corresponds to the entry into the 2nd qualification level (2nd QE), the higher service corresponds to the 3rd qualification level (3rd QE). The applicant thus has the opportunity to apply for entry via the 2nd or 3rd QE as well as both at the same time, provided that the respective requirements are met.

general requirements

The following requirements must generally be met:

  • German citizenship (exceptions possible, also for non-EU citizens)
  • Minimum height 165 cm (exceptions possible with a corresponding sports test)
  • Age 17–30 years (on the day of employment); Exceptions are only possible for the maximum age limit (e.g. previous years of service through military service or alternative military service , second educational path ).
  • Not in conflict with the law, economic order
  • No visible or illegal tattoos
  • German swimming badge (at least bronze)

For the 2nd QE , the applicant also needs at least the qualifying secondary school diploma and completed vocational training or a higher-quality school diploma; The prerequisite is the recognition of the degree in Bavaria.

For the 3rd QE , the minimum requirement is the unrestricted technical college entrance qualification (Fachabitur). Here too, the qualification in Bavaria must be recognized.

The application is made via the recruitment advisor of a Bavarian police station. Usually a recruitment advisor is responsible for several counties.

2nd level of qualification

During the application process, a selection test (recruitment test) takes place either in the 1st riot police department in Munich or in the IV riot police department in Nuremberg . This is made up of various tests and exams:

  • Written exam (language and basic skills test)
  • Language test (spelling, expressiveness, choice of correct words, grammar)
  • Basic ability test (logical thinking, memory and concentration tasks)
  • Oral exam (job interview through an interview with prepared questions on various areas)
  • Group task (group discussion with the solution to a problem)
  • Sports examination (various sports tests).

In addition, a medical examination is carried out in which the suitability for the police force is checked. An overall grade is formed from the individual tests, which leads to a placement within the applicant ranking list. If the number of places is good enough, the applicant can begin training to become a law enforcement officer. If the grades are the same, the better sports grade decides.

3rd level of qualification

In the application process for the 3rd QE, an examination by the Bavarian State Personnel Committee takes place first. The two-part written exam is carried out decentrally at several locations in Bavaria.

In the first part, a text analysis and a treatise are to be written in 120 minutes. In the second part, which also lasts 120 minutes, “knowledge of geography, history, economics and law, as well as the state and political foundations of Bavaria, the Federal Republic of Germany and the European Union as well as contemporary events in culture and politics are examined.” The exam has been held every year in October since 2008.

From the grade achieved, together with the Abitur grade from the subjects German, mathematics (three times) and an optional foreign language, an overall grade is formed and a ranking is created. If the number achieved is good enough, you are asked to take the riot police recruitment test around mid-February of the following year.

The recruitment test consists of the following parts:

  • Oral examination (job interview as an interview with prepared questions from different areas)
  • Group task (group discussion with the solution to a problem)
  • Sports examination (various sports tests).

Here, too, a medical examination follows, during which the suitability for the police force is checked. This one-day test can be carried out either in the 1st riot police department in Munich or in the IV riot police department in Nuremberg.

Ultimately, the basis for hiring in the higher service in the Bavarian police is the ranking list grade, which is composed of the grade of the state personnel committee and that of the recruitment test with the riot police. If two applicants are tied for the grade, the better grade from the sports test decides.

Training to become a police master in the 2nd QE

Basics

Dienstgradab-
sign a Polizeiober-
wakes champion of the 2nd QE

The training to become a police master at the Bavarian police is a normal professional training and lasts 29 months. The training does not take place on a dual basis , as in companies, but the police are both company and school . The entire training takes place at a location of the Bavarian riot police . There the official moves into a room, he is fed and receives free medical care . In addition to this, various internships (1st year one week, 2nd year one and three months) are carried out at a local police station for practical training.

Following a vote by the Bavarian State Parliament, the Munich ranking was suspended from the hiring round in March 2015 by the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior until further notice.

Until the suspension, the applicant could choose a ranking list . He had the choice between the ranking list Bayern and the ranking list Munich . The latter obliged the trained officers to serve at the Munich police headquarters for at least ten years . The training time as well as the time in the service hundred were counted towards the minimum length of stay. Due to the lower ratio of applicants / apprenticeships, the chance of being hired on the Munich ranking was higher, as the ranking was “worse”. Applicants for the Bavaria ranking list could do their job anywhere in Bavaria, including the state capital.

The training begins as a police chief candidate. After passing the first two training phases (1st year) and fulfilling other civil service requirements, you will be appointed police officer (A5). This service designation only exists in Bavaria. During the preparatory service , the candidate should acquire the qualification test for the 2nd QE and receive the entry grade police master (A7).

As of January 1, 2020, the remuneration amounts to approx. € 1,309.93 gross (basic candidate amount) in the first and second training phase, and approx. € 2,435.44 gross ( salary group A 5 ) from the third phase of training . In the first year the candidate is a revocable civil servant; from the second year a probationary civil servant. This improved position already during the preparatory service is a peculiarity in the Bavarian civil service, it is due to the demonstrations in Wackersdorf at that time and the associated poor position of the civil servant in the event of incapacity after an injury on duty.

It is possible at any time during and after the end of the training in the 2nd QE by taking a selection test as a direct entrant to the 3rd QE. However, the civil servant is dismissed from the middle service at his own request, since a career change is not possible without dismissal as a switch. Those transferring who have already completed their training will be assigned directly to the newcomers during their studies and do not have to complete the 1st year (basic internship I and II).

Training process

As of the hiring date in March 2006, the previous training model of the Bavarian police was changed to a so-called modular training system. The two-and-a-half year training period is divided into six-monthly training sections, which are further subdivided into five “key topics”. A topic should be treated simultaneously from the legal, the practical and the tactical side.

From six months to six months, the requirements increase with the number of rules and regulations that have to be learned. In the beginning, simple legal and practical basics are learned, which are then put together in the course of the training and confront the trainees with increasingly complex requirements, both in writing and in practice. With the first promotion to police sergeant major (after the first two training sections) the officers are also law enforcement officers , before they can only claim the " Everyman's right " for themselves. After the first year, they are occasionally used for missions, for example for searches of forest areas, external barriers in the event of major events or the like, but less often there may be smaller missions such as forest searches or information events in the first year of training, but then in the second phase of training.

Emergency vehicle of the riot police; u. a. Training vehicle during driver training
Driving simulator of the riot police for training emergency drives
Simulator during an emergency drive
Examination certificate for the employment course (1990s)

There are some subjects that accompany the civil servant through the entire training or in sections.

Theory:

Practice:

  • Sports
  • Self-defense ( epSVe )
  • Police behavior
  • Gun and shooting training
  • Closed use

During the training, the officers have to acquire the following qualifications, among others:

  • Driving safety training
  • First aid
  • Sports (running, swimming, fitness test, obstacle course, athletics ...)
  • Self-defense ( epSVe )
  • Shooting performance

In addition, the officers, sometimes outside the riot police, attend various workshops with different content. These last between half a day and several days.

During the training, both the theoretical and the practical knowledge for practicing the profession is conveyed, but with a clear focus on theory. In addition, various sports certificates are required within the training and tests in self-defense are carried out.

Grades are awarded after written exams and unannounced tests. In addition to verbal scores awarded. The exams are carried out in the 1st training section in the subjects of general police law, civil service law, political education / current affairs, criminal law and traffic law. Afterwards, the exams take place interdisciplinary in the so-called “key topics”.

In the first section, an "info week" is held at a police station in about the 8th week, in which the officer is to be shown the practical processes within the police. In the course of the third section, the officers in training complete a four-week internship and in the fourth section a three-month internship at a police station . The aim is to consolidate what has been learned and to put it into practice. The officer is integrated into the shift work of a service group and works like a trained police officer, but is instructed by an experienced officer, the practice supervisor.

Special program Munich

The Munich special program is an exception in the training process. It is intended to enable older applicants between the ages of 24 and 34 to enter. After completing their training, they do their job in Munich just like the applicants in the Munich ranking list .

The recruitment requirements for the Munich special program are the same as the recruitment requirements for the 2nd QE.

The duration of the training is shortened to 20 months, during which time intensive training is carried out. The internships are combined with a duration of two months. As with training in middle service, the aim is to consolidate and implement learned content in practice.

As with the Bayern / Munich ranking, the appointment as police sergeant takes place after 12 months. The training takes place in the VI. Riot Police Department in Dachau . The candidates for the special program begin their training on January 1st or July 1st.

The training is based on the same principles as in the Bayern / Munich ranking, but certain content is streamlined. The training is not broken down into modules.

It is not possible to apply for both the Bayern / Munich rankings and the Munich special program ; a parallel application for the higher service, however, does.

The Munich special program is to be suspended on January 1, 2018. For this, the maximum age for regular training will be raised to the 31st year of life.

Studies to become a police superintendent in the 3rd QE

Basics

Rank badge of
a police
superintendent of the 3rd QE

The training to become a police commissioner at the Bavarian police takes the form of a degree , which the candidate completes with the title of Diplom-Verwaltungswirt (FH) . The three-year course consists of two practical and four theoretical semesters. The course begins with the basic internship I at the Sulzbach-Rosenberg study site . The practical training in basic internship II takes place in one of the seven Bavarian riot police departments, the main internship in a police station and in the 1st riot police department in Munich or in the IV riot police department in Nuremberg . The remaining semesters take place at the University for Public Service in Bavaria / Police Department either at the Sulzbach-Rosenberg study site or at the Fürstenfeldbruck study site. There the civil servant moves into a room during the training period, he is fed for a fee and receives free medical care .

During the studies, in the so-called preparatory service , the candidate should acquire the qualification test for the 3rd QE and then be given the police commissioner entrance office (A9). The hiring service designation is Police Commissioner Candidate ; After completing internship I and II (usually 1 year), you will be appointed police officer (A5). This rank only exists in Bavaria.

The remuneration in the first year is approx. € 1,150 net (basic candidate amount A9), in the second and third years approx. € 1,815 net ( salary group A 5 ). In addition, there may be a police allowance, as well as separation allowance or family allowances. In the first year the candidate is a revocable civil servant; from the second year a probationary civil servant.

Course of studies

In the first two half-yearly internships, the basic internship, the candidate learns the legal and practical principles of police action. During the first six months, the candidate spends two weeks in a police station and two weeks in a criminal investigation station . In the second half of the year, the training increases somewhat in terms of practical knowledge; sports and shooting skills are required. The range of subjects taught is similar to that in the 2nd QE.

In the second half of the year he was appointed police sergeant major . This service designation is formally equivalent to the 2nd QE, but differs optically in the shoulder pieces. In the 2nd QE there is a green star, in the upscale a silver crossbar.

In the third half of the year, the basic course begins together with those who have moved up from the middle service. In the course of this, six proofs of achievement and some “certificates” are provided. This is followed by the six-month main internship , which is carried out at various departments:

  • Tactical training with the riot police (six weeks)
  • Duties of the service group (ten weeks) and
  • Duties of the service group leader at a police station (eight weeks).

The main course I follows the main internship . An intermediate examination will be carried out over the course of the next six months, followed by a career examination at the end of the main course II and the Y training (separation of criminal and security police officers). Upon completion of the career test, the civil servant receives the academic degree of Diplom-Verwaltungswirt (FH) / specialization in police.

Others

Goals of training and studies

Service dog handler with dog

The aim of the training is to qualify for the appointment of police chief in a civil service on probation. The later job description is the deployment at a police or traffic police inspection in shift work within a service group . Various other possible uses are also conceivable, for example (depending on the length of service previously performed) dog handlers , officers of the investigation team or the disposition group . With the appropriate performance, there is also the possibility of changing careers to higher service.

After the training, civil servants in the middle service are served in a hundred, so they remain organizationally assigned to the riot police for the time being. The minimum length of stay is 6 to 24 months; it is currently 19 months.

The aim of the course, on the other hand, is to qualify for appointment as a police commissioner in a civil service on probation. The typical activity is a managerial function, for example within a service group as a service group leader or, with the riot police, as a platoon leader within a hundred. With increasing seniority, managerial positions in other areas, for example the investigation group or the disposition group , can be reached.

After completing the course, there is a two-year introduction to the tasks of a senior civil servant (normally as the deputy head of the service group in Munich).

After training / studies, various other career options are available, including assignments with the Bavarian riot police, the criminal police, the Bavarian State Criminal Police Office , the water police and special units.

Training literature

VSPA

The three-volume, 6200-page collection of rules for police training in Bavaria (VSPA) in loose-leaf form, published by the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior , is used for training and the career test. The editors are the examination office of the Bavarian riot police . The VSPA is an approved examination aid for career examinations. It is published by Boorberg-Verlag . As an alternative to this, the police manual (Bavaria edition) in five volumes and with a length of approx. 4500 pages from the Deutsche Polizeiliteratur publishing house is used.

clothing

The applicant receives the work clothing at the beginning of the training or studies. The initial equipment also includes sportswear and equipment as well as clothing for ju-jutsu . The ballistic protective vest is also part of this equipment. Any additional equipment or clothing is voluntary and at your own expense; this applies to both work clothing and sportswear.

After the training, the civil servant has to equip himself with clothing, for which the employer pays a clothing fee.

See also

swell

  1. Inquiry from Susanna Tausendfreund, Member of the Bundestag and answer from the Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior ( Memento of the original dated February 12, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.susanna-tausendfreund.de
  2. Requirements for employment (2nd QE). Bavarian State Ministry of the Interior, for Building and Transport, accessed on February 17, 2018 .
  3. The exact requirements in full
  4. Quotation ( memento of February 11, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) from the website of the Bavarian State Personnel Committee
  5. The exact requirements in full
  6. Exact composition ( Memento of the original from February 17, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. The ranking list grade, consisting of the individual grades from Abitur, LPA & recruitment test @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei.bayern.de
  7. Ranking list Munich is suspended. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  8. Salary table (Appendix 3) from BayBesG ( Memento of the original from October 15, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.gesetze-bayern.de
  9. ^ The Bavarian Police - training content. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
  10. ↑ Course of training in the special program in Munich ( Memento of the original from January 28, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei.bayern.de
  11. Recruitment numbers, dates and locations, ranking list ( memento of the original from November 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei.bayern.de
  12. The Bavarian Police. Retrieved February 20, 2017 .
  13. Salary table on the website of the Bavarian Police ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei.bayern.de
  14. Page of the Bavarian Police ( Memento of the original from February 17, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. "The job description of the police officer" @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.polizei.bayern.de
  15. ^ Page of the Boorberg publishing house
  16. ^ Page of the VDP publishing house

Web links