Postal history and stamps of Hanover

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The first stamp of Hanover, issued under General Postal Director Wilhelm August von Rudloff , 1850/1851

The postal history of Hanover extends from the elevation of Hanover to the electorate in 1692 to the transition to the Prussian postal administration in 1867 after the annexation of the Kingdom of Hanover by Prussia in 1866.

history

After the former “Princely Braunschweig-Lüneburgische Post” had become an “Electoral Hanoverian” with the elevation of Hanover to an electorate in 1692, on October 23, 1736 the Royal British Electorate of Hanover took over the entire postal system. It left Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel .

In the Postal Treaty of Vienna of June 25, 1748, Thurn and Taxis obtained the right to reintroduce the Imperial Postal Service in Hanover. In 1790 the government abolished all Thurn and Taxis post offices in the Electorate, but allowed closed taxis skins to pass through in exchange for a transit postage. The Reichsdeputationshauptschluss of February 25, 1803, which guaranteed Thurn and Taxis the rights of a postmaster general, did nothing to change this. The postal system in Hanover remained state under the Ministry of Finance and Trade.

The Hanover Post Office had post offices in Hamburg and Bremen. In 1848 there were a total of 26 post offices, 185 postal expeditions and 129 postal relays.

Postage stamps were introduced in 1850 . In 1851 Hanover joined the German-Austrian Postal Union . In 1857 postal stationery envelopes were issued. In 1858, the Groschen currency was introduced, which necessitated a revision of the postal tax regulations.

After the capitulation to Prussia in the German War in 1866, Prussian postage stamps were used from October 1, 1866. On January 1, 1867, the Hannoversche Postal Administration was incorporated into the Prussian Postal Administration .

Hanover inland tax from 1814 to 1866

Tariff of April 1, 1814

Tariff of 1814

It replaces the Westphalian postal tax that had been used until then. The new tariff is given in national coins. "George, Prince Regent, etc. has deemed it necessary to revise the published in 1755 post tax and complement and to make the modified post-tax to everyone's message to the public." Thus, the regulation begins in subject of the first April 1814, to be introduced Post-Taxe, published March 19, 1814 in the Law Collection.

The new tariff is based on the letter rate. X-times the postage is charged for files, parcels and money sent. There are initially difficulties in determining the distances between the individual post offices. Only the Hanoverian survey of 1818 made it possible to determine the distances between the individual post offices more precisely. Until then, the old mileage information must continue to be used.

Letters : At the request of the sender, letters over 4 lots can be sent with the moving post, calculated according to the file tax. If the sender expressly requests, mailings of files can also be sent with the horse mail, calculated according to the postage.

Local tax : For mail to the letter collections, i.e. in places without their own post office, which are located on a postal route and have agreed to exchange mail, an inland tax is to be paid in addition to the postage to the next post location (if necessary from both directions) raise or pay for.

File tax : All parcels with files, including manuscripts or documents with no specified value, are suitable for sending with the mobile mail and are only transported with the mounted mail at the express request of the sender, in this case also according to the letter tax paid.

Goods samples : Letters with goods samples and small printed matter paid a reduced postage at the riding post. Samples of goods over 4 lots are transported by the moving post and paid according to the parcel tax for Viktualien (¼ of the parcel tax).

Packing tax : For books, used clothing and victuals, ½ of the above tax is paid less (abolished in 1834). The rate of a parcel may in no case be less than double the postage. If the value is given for bakeries, the silver or bakery tax is applied. Depending on whether one or the other is more advantageous for the post.

Guarantee : For parcels, the value of which has not been specified, the General-Postkasse will reimburse a maximum of 10 thalers in the event of loss, and even this only if the lost item of mail was worth that much.

Money tax : For small silver coins, excluding the 2 Ggr. Pieces are paid, more, for gold ¼ less than the above tax. - Less is paid for sums under 100 thalers. In no case, however, may the postage for silver or gold exceed one thaler, less than double the postage. For sums over 100 thalers, the rates between 1 and 100 thalers are assessed as shown opposite. 4 pfennigs are paid for a postal note with a value of money and money.

General remarks: As a rule, money and valuables may only be sent with the moving items; however, at the risk of the sender, sums of up to 10 thalers can also be sent by horse-drawn mail, but in such cases no postage will be issued. Valuables as: jewels, lace, braids and other items of value whose weight is roughly equal to that of gold, furthermore: banknotes, bonds au porteur, interest coupons and other papers of specified value, which in the event of loss do not need to be reissued , for which a guarantee is given, are paid according to the gold tax.

All money delivered by post, including gold and silver bars, must have the exact value on the address. If part of the content is concealed, 10 percent of the hidden sum should be "confiscated" for the benefit of the Post Office .

Letters and addresses to Geldern and parcels do not pay postage unless they weigh more than a lot. If such a letter weighs more, the letter tax should be paid for the weight over 1 lot. Gold and silver should not be packed together, nor should money be packed together with files or other things.

Each parcel must have a special address, including letters, the destination and the amount of money or value (if the latter has been declared).

If someone should send letters in packages or boxes and the like in order to save postage, then such letters should be charged four times the postage in the event of discovery.

The General-Post-Directorium is authorized to charge the mail and parcel tax between important trading centers, as well as the money tax for frequent dispatches from exchange houses. to reduce.

Order fee: The postman receives a fee for the order. It is 2 pfennigs for each letter and 4 pfennigs for each package address.

Post advance payment: On October 18, 1815, the ruling deals with the calculation of the advance payment and the Procura fees. Postal advances were the responsibility of the postal accounting officer (postal officials). The Procura fee is added to the normal postage of the shipment. Postage after the money tax may not be charged. There is no border tax to be paid for advances abroad. It was to be paid: up to 10 thalers including 1 Gutegroschen, 3 pfennig, up to 15 thalers 11 ggr., 3 pfennigs above, each thaler a further 9 pfennigs.

Tariff of September 1, 1818

Tariff of 1818

With the introduction of the new convention coin , it is necessary to issue a new postal tax on September 1, 1818.

Letter: A simple letter is still calculated up to 1 lot incl. The distance levels have changed. The weight progression of 1814 remained unchanged.

Local tax: It also remains unchanged.

File estimate: It has only changed slightly over longer distances.

Packing tax: books, victuals, used clothes and generally old and things that have little value are valued like little things. Items of the stated value pay the parcel tax, whichever is most advantageous for the post office. If the weight of the parcel equals that of the gold, the gold rate is applied. The amount of bills that may be present in parcel shipments over 1 pound. are not calculated at all below 16 lots and from 16 to 32 lots like 1 pound. If the total amount results in fractions of pennies, those below ½ should not be charged at all, but ½ and above as a whole pfennig.

Money tax

  • a) for 100 thalers of silver, from 2 Ggr. Pieces on, fourfold postage.
  • b) three times the postage for 100 thalers gold.

The Ggr. are under 12 Ggr. not, from 12 ggr. on, up to 1 thaler valued as a full thaler. Coins in smaller sorts than 2 Ggr. Pieces are priced according to their weight, unless the amount of the postage according to the monetary fee is higher than according to the weight. In the case of sums over 100 thalers, the regulations from 1814 remain, as is the case with the post office receipt.

General: Poste-restante items are held for three months. Money and valuables are only sent with the moving items, but sums of up to 10 thalers can also be sent with the mail at the request of the sender, but for this reason no post is issued and no guarantee is given. For the declared value in the district of the Kgl. Post, for any defect or loss caused by negligence or misappropriation, provided a guarantee. For parcels, if their value is not specified, a maximum of 10 thalers will be reimbursed in the event of loss and only if the value of the lost mail item is 10 thalers or more. If gold and silver should otherwise arrive at a post office packed together, the consignment must be valued at the rate of coarse silver. The post office is authorized to moderate the letter and parcel tax between major trading locations, as well as the cash tax in the case of frequent dispatches from exchange houses.

On August 20, 1818 , we read the new regulations on local delivery in an excerpt from the ordinances issued on the postal system.

  • 1. The postman receives 2 pfennigs for the removal of letters, parcels or the address of a piece of parcel, and 4 pfennigs for each address in Geldern according to the estimate of 1814.
  • 2. if you pick up your letters yourself, you do not pay, but the post office must be aware of this beforehand,
  • 3. Money letters and parcels must be picked up by yourself. An appointment with the postman is possible,
  • 4. if a package of 8 lots is delivered by the wagon master on request, 1 Ggr. for each piece to be carried away with the wheelbarrow 2 Ggr. to pay order fee.
  • 5. Also applies to luggage.

By circular dated September 13, 1819 , address letters over 1 lot with the file estimate, according to the full weight.

Tariff of July 1, 1834

Tariff of 1834

The calculation of the distance is carried out for all items to be transported by post, exclusively based on the straight distance, regardless of the routes to be covered by the post. The distance is determined from a map drawn by the General Post Office by applying the ruler. Domestic mail, unless franking is expressly required, can be posted unfranked or franked to the place of destination. A partial franking is not permitted and would also increase the postage.

Letter: The weight of a simple letter is determined to be ¼ of a lot. The mileage intervals (from 6 miles) are again regulated. The recommandation fee is 2 Ggr. per letter and is to be paid in advance in addition to the normal postage based on weight. The certificate is free of charge. If a return receipt (return receipt print no. 52) is required, 2 Ggr. to pay.

File estimate: For written items over 2½ lot, such as files, process files, manuscripts, documents, invoices, completed forms, etc. without any indication of value. If a value is given, the gold rate is used, unless the file rate is higher. If several parcels of files are sent to one address, each parcel is taxed individually.

Printed matter: This type of mail will be introduced on April 1, 1834. Printed and lithographed items, such as newspapers, journals, brochures, circulars, price lists, etc., which may not contain anything in writing, and if they are sent under crisscross or wrapping tape, pay the fourth part of the weight in advance up to a maximum of 7½ lot corresponding postage. Printed matter over 7½ lot is valued like parcel. Unstamped items, for example from abroad, are valued like letters.

Parcel tax: No more differentiation of the content. Now differentiates between hand packets up to 15 pounds and larger packets. Excessive lots are assessed for hand-held parcels, not for larger ones over 15 lots, but excess pounds. If several parcels belong to one address, each must be assessed individually. The cash tax is used for parcels with stated values, provided the parcel tax is more.

Money tax: A distinction is made between items of up to 100 thalers and items of 100 thalers and above, as well as between silver and gold items. Excess groschen will not be charged. One pays z. B. for 1 thaler 23 Ggr. 11 pfennigs only single postage, for 25½ thalers double postage.

For copper money, divisional coins and small silver coins (if 100 thalers weigh more than 9 pounds), the weight of the parcel tax, and if this is higher than the value of the money, must be calculated.

Silver shipments are to be declared in Talern Courant according to the 21 guilder foot. In the case of shipments declared differently (e.g. from abroad), the post office officials have to make a reduction and only note these sums on the posting slip. Calculate:

When sending several money to one address, the tax must be levied on the total amount. If consignments consist of gold and silver, the most favorable price for the sender must be calculated. So, either separately, according to the gold and silver estimate, or exclusively according to the silver estimate. As a rule, however, gold and silver should not be packed together. However, it is allowed to add up to 3 Taler silver money to settle a gold payment. In this case the gold rate is used. In the event of a violation (e.g. from abroad), the consignment containing gold is to be assessed according to the silver rate. Packing money with writings or goods is not permitted. If it happened anyway, the money for yourself and the rest of the package must be calculated according to the weight. In such cases, 5 thalers of gold = ½ lot and one thaler of silver = 2½ lot must be deducted from the weight of the shipment.

Paper money and securities: Paper money is subject to the gold rate. One thaler of paper money is counted as one thaler of gold. Securities, domestic and foreign government bonds, bearer or registered, public and private bonds of all kinds, interest coupons, bills of exchange and the like do not have to be indicated. If the value is stated, which requires a guarantee, the gold rate also applies, or the file rate, if this is more.

Local delivery: The following is charged for postal delivery within a location: For an address parcel, an address, a request form for a parcel or a money shipment, 6 Pf. Newspaper order fees apply for a quarter of a year. For the order outside of the place, if a messenger goes there, and for the delivery to the house of parcels and money, the General Post Office determines the fee to be paid for it according to the local circumstances.

Postal advances : Postal officials are not required to make advances. It is up to them whether they want to pay it out of their own funds and at their own risk in cash or after a maximum term of five weeks. If he pays an advance, he is entitled to the Procura fees. The advance payment taker has to pay the fee even if the advance letter was not accepted and the letter is returned. Advance letters are also subject to postage from authorities or persons otherwise free of postage, such as those addressed to them.

Routing slip: A routing slip can be requested to check the whereabouts of mail items and returning letters . Simple postage is to be paid for this. It will be refunded if there is evidence of a mistake by the post office. Routing slips for researching a routing slip are postage free.

General remarks: Address letters for transport mail, as files, parcels, money and securities, are free up to 3/4 lot. Heavier letters only pay for the excess weight, up to 2½ lot (total weight up to 3¼ lot) according to the letter estimate, above that according to the file estimate.

For items with a specified value, a posting slip must be issued by the post office clerk, bill money 6 pfennigs. For transport mail items without a specified value, a posting slip (print no. 13c) with the words "gegen Schein" on the address can be requested. In the case of postage, the sender pays the bogus money otherwise the recipient.

For items that cannot be delivered, as well as the return of Poste-restante items, the following costs are to be paid in addition to the costs that may arise abroad: Letters - for franked letters, nothing, for unfranked letters, one-off domestic postage (exception: those from Thurn und Taxischen Post area). If parcels and money have to be forwarded, you pay the postage for the tour and return shipment. Letters that are sent on only pay the postage from the place of dispatch to the first or last destination, whichever is the higher. E.g. letter from Hanover to Osnabrück (estimate 2½ Ggr.), Forwarded to Göttingen (estimate 2 Ggr.). It is then 2½ Ggr. to be paid if the letter in between also after z. B. Aurich (estimate 3½ Ggr.) Would have to be paid. If a fraction pfennig is determined when calculating the postage, it is not counted below ½ pfennig, and above it as a whole pfennig.

Sums of up to 5 thalers in silver and up to 20 thalers in gold may be sent in letters.

Fahrpost items, with the exception of those in letter form and fonts in quarto and half folio, must be accompanied by a letter address or in open form. The designation and the seal must be exactly the same. A receipt for paid postage does not have to be issued. The letter addresses and notes on which the postage is noted are used for this. Letters, addresses and notes may only be handed over after the postage has been paid. The post office clerk is allowed to credit postage at his own risk and to “claim cheap remuneration” for it.

In the case of shipments with the specified value, a replacement will be made for this value. In the case of "for items delivered without a value indication" - 10 thalers.

The option of reducing the postage tax for cash and parcel deliveries by the postal administration between major trading locations or, in the case of considerable and frequent mailings, by individual ones remains.

On August 19, 1836 , the Law on Weights and Measures appeared . It divides the pound into thirty-two lots. The solder has four ounces.

As of July 1, 1841 , mail items over 2 pounds and up to 21 pounds will only be postage seven times (as previously for files over 1 to 2 pounds). however, the parcel tax is charged for heavier file consignments.

Changes by 1850

The tariff for paper money changes on September 1, 1847 . There is no insurance premium to be paid for banknotes under 2 thalers, but a full replacement will be provided. Other securities, as domestic and foreign government bonds, made out to the bearer or registered, then public or private bonds of all kinds, shares, interest coupons, bills of exchange and the like, are not subject to the mandatory declaration. If, however, the value is stated, this is to be viewed in such a way that the guarantee is required. The same rate applies as is used for paper money. If securities are only sent with general information about the content, without a declaration of the value, the letter tax applies up to 2½ lots and the file price applies above 2½ lots. Packing paper money with hard cash is not permitted, but if you do so, the cash rate will be applied. Packing up paper money with writings or things is allowed.

Tariff of October 1, 1850

Tariff from 1850

The rate for letter post is the same between all post locations regardless of the distance. Exceptions are the local taxis. The fare for driving mail is based on the distance between the post locations, which is to be determined in a straight line. The customs weight applies, the customs pound calculated at 32 Lot. Shipments from abroad with other weight specifications (Cölnisch, Hannoversches Landesgewicht) are to be accepted and taken as customs weight . - From November 25, 1854, the duty pound counts as 30 Lot (Law Collection 1854 No. 51). - There is no obligation to postage, but partial postage is not permitted. Exceptions may apply to correspondence abroad. All postage amounts should add up to quarter Gutegroschen. If the addition of pennies and fractions results in the rounding off.

Letters : The estimate of a simple letter that does not weigh a full 1 lot is 1 good penny over all distances. Letters that weigh 8 lots or more, or that exceed the octave format, are to be treated like driving mail, but can also be sent by post on request. In this case, the simple postage is to be paid for each lot. However, they cannot be larger than half the folio size. These provisions apply to letters and files with no specified value.

Special features :

  • 1. The Kgl. Hannoversche Postamt zu Hamburg will raise the rate of simple letters until further notice with 2 Schillingen Hamburger Courant and with 1 Ggr. Calculate 2 Pf Hannoversche Courant, but only follow the tariff for other taxes.
  • 2. Shipments to Norderney are subject to the tax from the north.

Letters with product samples : applies to letters with attached or externally recognizable product samples inserted. Sample consignments of 8 lots and above are treated like transport mail items.

Cruciate ligament shipments : Applies to printed or lithographed things as newspapers, journals, pamphlets, circulars, price Courant, letters of recommendation and the like. Such items may not contain anything written apart from the address, the date and the signature and must be franked when posting. If the conditions are not met, the letter tax applies. Cross-band consignments over 8 lots and above are transported with the Fahrpost. It is permitted to send several copies with different addresses under cruciate ligament, but not in an envelope with your own address.

Driving post tax: The driving post tax is determined according to the distance, the weight and the specified value. To estimate the taxes, the distances between all post offices are based on the mileage indicator. Parcel and money to be forwarded must be paid for the entire distance, always from one destination to another. The customer has to pay both tour postage and return postage for the return of unacceptable mail items.

Parcel tax: The weight tax is ¾ pfennigs for every pound per 2 miles or a fraction thereof, for transport only on railways, 1 pfennig for other transports. At least the following rates. Excess solders are not taken into account in the application. If a delivery note is requested for a parcel delivered, 6 pfennigs are to be paid for it. Hamburg is one of the railway post offices, as it is only separated from Harburg by the Elbe. Also places that are close to the railroad without a post office in between, e.g. B. Einbeck, Gleidingen, Pattensen, are regarded as railway post offices.

Address letters : Address letters remain postage-free if they do not weigh a lot. For heavier address letters, the postage of the additional weight has to be paid as for other letters.

Money and valuables : the value added tax, the value tax or insurance premium, is to be paid in addition to the weight value of all objects with a value of 30 thalers or higher. Sums of up to 5 thalers in silver and up to 200 thalers in gold may be sent in letters. All shipments with money or a specified value are to be treated as driving mail items. The full value must be stated, if necessary 10% of the concealed amount and additional payment of the necessary postage will be due. Values ​​below 50 thalers are to be assessed as full 50 thalers, but excess groschen are not taken into account. The value must be given in Taler Courant after the 14 thaler foot, others are to be reduced to this coin. A dispatch note for 6 pfennigs is always to be taken for delivered valuables.

Mail advances: All advance items belong to the driving mail. The post offices are obliged, on request, to make advances up to a total of 100 thalers on letters and other mail to addressees in Germany. Procura fees are charged for such advances. It can be paid in advance or by the recipient. The post office clerks are allowed to demand advance payment of the procurage fee from unknown recipients. In addition to the procurage fee, the letter postage is charged for letters and the postage for it for driving mail. The advance fee for the return, and the postage fee for letters, is not charged again.

Mail items to be forwarded : For parcels and money, which are forwarded , the postage is to be paid for the entire distance, always from one destination to the other. The same applies to the return of bad items.

Routing slip : For a routing slip sent at the request of the sender, the simple postage must be paid. The fee will be reimbursed if the doubt about the correct ordering of a shipment proves to be justified.

Order fee: Fees must be paid for delivery within the location. For magazines that are published less than once a week, the distribution fee is charged as for letters. If the Post offers this, a fee to be paid by the General-Post-Directorio based on the distance is to be paid for orders outside the location. An order fee is not payable for items requested by the addressee from the post office and for items of mail that are refused to accept.

Guarantee : For items with a declared value, this will be refunded. Up to 10 thalers will be reimbursed for items without a specified value. Proof of the value is necessary for this. The same compensation is granted for returned letters.

Account fees : It amounts to 1 Ggr. in front of the thaler of the credited postage, at least 4 Ggr. The post offices are not obliged to issue receipts for postage paid. Instead, the letter addresses and notes on which the postage is noted are used. If a postal clerk wants to credit a private person with postage, it is done at his own risk. No account fee is charged for post advances.

On April 1, 1852 , express letters were introduced. The order fee for express letters is 2 Ggr for delivery during the day and 4 Ggr at night. Letters from within Germany (such as from the postal association), on which the sender has made a written request that they are to be ordered by an express, must be specially delivered by all postal services immediately after arrival. Express letters of this kind must be reordered at any time. The night time is calculated in summer, from April 1st to the end of September from 11pm to 5am, in winter from 10pm to 7am. For the express letters to be ordered outside the place of the delivery post office, the wage to be paid to the messenger, regardless of whether the order is made during the day or at night, is 2 Ggr. to collect for the procurement of the messenger. The courier fee for the express order can, depending on the sender's good condition, be paid in advance or the recipient can leave the payment. The postal authorities will not provide any compensation for delayed delivery or orders. Upon acceptance, the post offices must ensure against the sender for the unpaid order money and courier wages, in the event that the recipient refuses the payment and the invoice is returned. In such cases, a deposit had to be made. Express letters may only be issued after all fees have been paid.

As of January 1, 1853 , the bill is six pfennigs. For shipments that do not go beyond the scope of the Hannoversche Post, to be paid together (by the sender or recipient) together with the postage. The sender must pay the bogus money for items sent to foreign postal areas, regardless of whether the item is franked or not.

As of January 1, 1853 , amounts of up to ten thalers can be paid in cash to any post office for repayment to a specific recipient residing within the Hanover postal area. It has to be a simple letter or an address. The cost of a cash deposit is the minimum fee for the driving post, plus six pfennigs for the posting slip . In addition to the charge for the posting note, six pfennigs and the minimum postage charge for a driving mail consignment are to be levied for the procurement of franked mail by the sender, for unfranked mail by the recipient. In the event that the items are not appropriate, and if the fees have not already been paid, only the costs for the delivery must be paid retrospectively.

In 1853 the local tax for mail to and from collections of letters was changed. The fee from and to the next post office, without forwarding, is six pfennigs for a simple letter. For a heavier letter or a package, regardless of the value, one Ggr.

As of January 1, 1854 , the minimum postage rates for driving mail are reduced. They also apply to cash payments of two talers made under the law of January 1, 1853. Exceptionally, letters with cash under two thalers, as well as cash deposits under two thalers for a postage of one Ggr. to get promoted.

Since November 25, 1854 , the customs pound is no longer 32 lots, but = 30 post lots . As a national weight only since July 1, 1857.

Law of October 1, 1858, pertaining to postal taxes

King George V, 1859

George the Fifth, by God's grace King of Hanover, Royal Prince of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Cumberland, Duke of Brunswick and Lüneburg etc.

Fees under the Postal Act of 1858

Nothing has changed in the basic rules. There are Hannoversche Postanstalten in Hamburg, Ritzebüttel, Bremen, Bremerhaven, Vegesack and Hagenburg.

Letters : A simple letter is one that does not weigh 1 lot. Letters over 4 lots will only be sent by post if requested. Letters over 16 lots will always be transported by regular mail. For postal items that are obtained through collections of letters, ½ gr. For a simple letter, for a heavier letter or a parcel, regardless of the value, 1 gr. to pay. For shipments beyond this, only the tax-based postage is to be paid from this post office.

Sample letters: Letters with attached product samples or samples over 16 lots are treated like driving mail items.

Cruciate ligament programs : profit lists lottery, announcements and other ads, likewise proof sheet without enclosed manuscript, under narrow touching points and cruciate ligament For newspapers, uneingebundene or paperback pamphlets, by pressure, by lithography or metallography amplified music, catalogs, brochures, price-Courant, 3 pfennigs per lot to be paid. Cross-band shipments over 16 lots are not permitted.

Driving mail : Determined based on distance, weight and specified value. For items up to 1 pound per 4 miles, only 1½ groschen should be paid as the minimum postage. The estimate for pounds must first be increased to quarter pennies and then rounded down to full pennies (e.g. 1/6 gr. = 1 gr.). Excess plumb bobs are calculated for a full pound.

Address letters : Address letters to parcels under one lot are free. For heavier address letters, the full weight of the postage is to be paid as for other letters, but without a surcharge for non-franking. If the value is given, a value tax (insurance premium) is added.

Value tax : If the value is stated, it does not matter whether the shipment is in cash, gold or silver bars, paper money, securities or goods, it does not matter how high the value is stated. Guarantee is only given up to the stated value. In the case of mail deliveries without a specified value, only up to 10 groschen per pound will be reimbursed. If several value parcels belong to one address, or an additional value specification on the address, then each shipment will be charged individually.

Post advances : Post advances are possible up to 50 thalers. In terms of postage, the minimum postage charge for a mail item is charged for letters, and the parcel charge and, if applicable, the value tax for parcel items. There is no mandatory franking. Postage paid for undeliverable items must be paid for by the sender.

Cash deposits up to 40 thalers are permitted. In addition to the postage, for an exclusively simple letter, the minimum tax for a driving post shipment and a fee of 1 groschen for every 5 thalers of the amount paid is charged. In the event of undeliverability, the same applies to post advances.

Token money : The fee for the dispatch note is 5 Pf. And is paid together with the postage.

Fee for the creation of addresses for signatures : If the sender of a mail item to which an address belongs, has not created it, or has not completely attached the signature and the post office asks to do this for him, a special fee will be charged. The fee may never be higher than 1 Ggr. be taken. It is always to be paid by the client.

Order fee : For orders within the post office, including the suburbs, the following is charged:

  • a) for an ordinary letter, a cruciate ribbon shipment or a sample letter, without differentiating the weight = 2 Pf.
  • b) for a returned letter, for a return receipt, for an address or request form for a transport post, as well as for an address package, if such can be handed over to the postman to order, = 5 Pf.
  • c) for a letter posted at the place of order itself = 3 Pf.

In some places, parcels and money will be delivered. The fee to be paid for this is set by the post office.

The following is to be collected for delivery to the outer delivery districts:

  • a) for a letter, a cruciate tape consignment or a test letter, a return receipt, an address or a delivery note for a transport mail, for parcels up to half a pound and up to a value of up to 1 thaler, for cash payments and advances up to 1 thaler = 1 Size
  • b) for each heavier parcel, for items with a higher value, if the country postman delivers such at all = 2 Gr.
  • c) for local correspondences = 3 Pf.

The postal administration can also reduce these rates up to half. Upon request, the items could be picked up from the post office. Instead of the order money, a flat fee of between 2 and 16 thalers could be paid.

Account fees : The post office clerk is paid 1 Gr. per thaler, but at least 5 gr. conceded.

For express orders , 2½ Gr. at night 5 gr. to pay. For deliveries to the outside, for the bringing in of a messenger 2½ Gr. and then the usual messenger wages were demanded. The announcement of January 21, 1861 brought a change . Now you have to pay for the express order : Inside the post office (including the suburbs) 3 groschen, outside the post office the wage to be paid to the messenger and also 3 groschen for bringing the messenger to the place.

Tariff of October 1, 1862

Postage stamp 1864

The rate for letter post should be the same between all post locations regardless of the distance. The rate for driving mail should be based on the distance between the post locations, which must be determined in a straight line regardless of the distances covered by the posts. The national weight = 1 pound to 30 post plummets has been used as the weight since 1857. Partial postage is still not permitted. Postage reductions should still not be granted.

Hannoversche postal tariffs from 1862

Letters : A simple letter should weigh less than 1 lot. Letters over 4 lots and up to ½ pounds are only part of the letter post at the express request of the sender;

File tax : For letters or parcels with files, writings, documents, government papers, etc. without a specified value and without any restriction in format, the tariff for letters will be sent as files.

Cruciate ligament program : For cross or wrapper program to the case of the prepayment and the prescribed condition up to 1 Lot but otherwise ordinary postage is used solely, and further for each 1 Lot, the set of 3 Pf,.. In the case of mail items with insufficient stamps, the usual postage for an unfranked letter is also only applied to the unadjusted lots or lots.

Driving mail : The cost of driving mail items is determined based on distance, weight and the specified value.

Parcel tax : For items weighing up to 1 pound, the minimum postage is only 1½ gr. be. If the whole tax calculated on the basis of the pound does not expire in full or half groschen, the tax amount must first be increased to quarter groschen and then rounded down to full pfennigs. Excess plumb bobs are calculated for a full pound.

Address letters : If several pieces of parcel belong to one address, each one is given a special assessment. Address letters under 1 lot are postage free, heavier ones are charged with the parcel fee. If the address letter is declared to have a value, it is subject to the full value of a value shipment.

Value tax : The value tax or insurance premium is to be paid in addition to the tax based on the weight of all objects whose value is stated. The content no longer matters. The stated value determines the amount of the guarantee from Swiss Post. Only 10 groschen per pound are reimbursed for undeclared transport mail. For items over 1,000 thalers, the value tax is reduced by 50% for the excess. If several objects of value belong to an address, or if the address letter itself is declared to have a value, the value postage is charged separately for each part.

Certificate of mailing : About been delivered valuables is always a certificate of mailing for 5 Pf refer to.. That is how much the ticket for a normal package costs, although it must be expressly requested. In internal traffic, the bill fee is always to be paid together with the postage. For shipments abroad, the sender pays in any case.

Post advances : Post advances are permitted up to 50 thalers. The following are to be paid: the postage, the parcel tax, possibly also the value postage, a Procura fee of ½ groschen for each thaler, or parts thereof, at least 1 gr. to pay. For an advance letter of up to 4 lots that has not been redeemed, the Procura fee and the postage for sending must be paid later, if not already paid. For other shipments, in addition to the Procura fee, the postage for the outward and return shipments must be paid.

Cash deposit : For cash deposit for repayment at another post office. Up to 50 thalers are due:

  • a) on postage for the simple letter addressed to the recipient, or in its place open envelope representing the parcel fee, and
  • b) a fee of 1 gr. for every 5 thalers of the deposited amount. In the event that a cash payment cannot be brought back, the return is free.

Order money Within a place, including the suburbs, is to be paid:

  • a) For an ordinary mail item, regardless of weight = 2 Pf.
  • b) for a returned letter, for a return prescription, for an address or a request form for a transport mail, as well as for an address package, if the postman can take it with him, = 5 Pf.
  • c) for a letter posted at the place of order itself = 3 Pf.

In places where parcels and money are delivered, the order fee is set according to local conditions. On the flat land, if an order service is set up:

  • a) for normal mail, for a return recipe, an address or a request form for a transport mail, for parcels up to half a pound and up to a maximum of 1 thaler, mail with cash deposits and postal advances up to 1 thaler for 1 gr.
  • b) for every parcel weighing more than ½ pound, for every consignment over 1 thaler, if the postman can take it with him for 2 gr.

These rates can be reduced by 50% by the postal administration.

The same rates also apply to local broadcasts.

Items that need to be returned and post-restante items are kept for three months. Post advances after 14 days. No return postage is charged for the return of letters. Driving mail deliveries pay postage there and back. No return postage is charged for address letters from 1 to less than 4 lots. For forwarding mail, the postage from the destination to the other will be charged. Procura or cash deposit fees are not applied again.

Routing slip : For a routing slip, the simple postage is to be paid, but this will be paid back if the doubt proves to be justified when the routing slip is returned. A routing slip for a routing slip is free of charge.

Conto fees : The post office clerk can credit postage to private individuals at his own risk. With the exclusion of the postal advances, he can pay 1 gr., But at least 5 gr. desire.

Local tax: For a simple letter from a collection of letters to the next post office or back, postage of ½ gr. Is required, for heavier letters or a package, regardless of the value, 1 groschen. No additional postage is charged for further shipments.

Express delivery: You have to pay: within the post office 3 gr., Outside the post office, the wages to be paid to the messenger and also 3 gr. for bringing the messenger.

The law introducing postal orders came into force on August 16, 1865. The law replaces the regulations on the type of shipment for cash. Cash deposit will be replaced by postal order. The maximum rate remains unchanged at 50 thalers. Postage is payable in advance. There is no special charge for the posting note for postal orders. The order fee corresponds to that of the normal letter. The postal order forms can be obtained from the postal offices. Forms of 1 gr. can, by re-sticking a postage stamp, also to postal orders of 2 Gr. be used. Registration and return receipts are not permitted, but poste-restante or express delivery are possible.

With the end of the Kgl. Hannoversche Post In 1866 the tariffs hardly changed. The provisions of the Prussian internal postage tariff and newspaper commission tariff are adopted in traffic between the formerly Hanoverian and the old Prussian postal area. For Hanover, the old Hanover domestic tariff essentially continues to apply.

swell

  • 1814 March 19 (Collection of Laws p. 295) Ordinance relating to April 1 of the J. to introduce postal tax.
  • 1814 August 25th Establishment of a field post forwarding company
  • 1815 October 18th (Circular XXIII) Concerning various items of the postal service. (Advance mail)
  • 1818 July 6th (Collection of Laws, page 27) Ordinance concerning the introduction of a new postal tax, denominated in convention coins and to be applied from September 1st, 1818.
  • 1818 December 4th (Collection of Laws No. 16, pp. 103-104) Announcement of the Royal General-Post-Directorii concerning the advances made by the post office and the fees to be paid for the same. (Excerpt from the circular of October 18, 1815)
  • 1834 June 7th (Collection of Laws No. 13, pp. 60–63, 78) Law on the Regulation of Postal Taxes. - Ordinance due to the introduction of a new postal tax.
  • 1841 June 19 (Collection of Laws No. 24, p. 173) Announcement of the Royal General-Post-Directorii, regarding amendment of the file rate.
  • 1847 July 28th (Collection of Laws No. 45, pp. 213–214) Ordinance on postal taxes for paper money and securities.
  • 1850 August 9 (Collection of Laws No. 36, pp. 139–146, 157) Law relating to postal taxes. - Announcement, the implementation of the law on the postal tax of August 9th, 1850.
  • 1851 December 5th Revised Postal Union Treaty
  • 1852 November 25th (Collection of Laws No. 56, pp. 419–421) Act concerning cash payment to the postal service for repayment to a designated recipient. - Notice: The payment of the so-called bogus money.
  • 1853 January 29th (Collection of Laws No. 1, pp. 8-10) Announcement concerning the facilitation of postal traffic.
  • 1853 December 9th (Collection of Laws No. 67, pp. 593-594) Law, The reduction of individual postage rates re.
  • 1856 October 11th (Collection of Laws No. 50, p. 353 and Notes: 354) Announcement: The admission of Correctur-Bows as cruciate tape items - concerning the reclaiming of mail items by posters.
  • 1858 June 1st (Collection of Laws No. 10, pp. 41–45) Announcement: The division of the taler into thirty groschen and the groschen into ten pfennigs. plus conversion rate.
  • 1858 August 28 (Collection of Laws No. 31, pp. 271–281) Law relating to postal taxes.
  • 1858 August 28 (Collection of Laws No. 33, pp. 287–298) Announcement concerning the implementation of the law on postal taxes.
  • 1861 January 10th (Collection of Laws No. 2, pp. 3–5) Announcement regarding the implementation of the law on postal taxes of August 28, 1858.
  • 1862 August 8th (Collection of Laws No. 28, pp. 311–334) Post-Tax-Law and notice of execution.
  • 1865 June 13th (Collection of Laws No. 38, p. 333) Law on traffic by postal orders.
  • 1866 December 19 (collection of laws, booklet 70, no. 121, p. 411) The highest decree, concerning the unification of the postal system in the previous Hanover postal districts with that in the old Prussian parts of the country.

Postage stamps

Postage stamp issues from Hanover

The first stamps from Hanover from 1850 show the value of the stamp in numbers and the inscription “Franco” and “Hanover” on a shield above which the royal coat of arms. In 1853 a stamp with the royal crown in an oval shield with double currency (Postal Union) came to "3 PFENNIGE" and, above the oval, "EIN THIRITTEL SILBERGROSCHEN". Another brand image, the portrait of the king in a round medallion, came on the counter in 1859. In 1860 a city postage stamp became ½ groschen. There is a post horn on a white background , above it the crown and then the word "HANNOVER", underneath the value. Free envelopes came into use in 1857. At the top left of the envelope an oval shows the portrait of the king. For the city post office there was an “order free” imprint, with a clover leaf in 1858, or with a galloping horse in 1861. The image of the stamp from 1859 is used for postal orders .

Fakes

There are very few forgeries from Hanover. Reprints are easy to spot. The 3-Pfennig stamp from 1864 is tried to be sold as the more expensive stamp from 1863 by cutting off the piercing. The minimum size is 21.5 × 24.5 mm. Before buying the 10 groschen stamp from 1861, you should ask an examiner, comparative material can be used to identify forgeries. There are more forgeries than originals of the black ½ groschen stamps. In the case of the counterfeit, a thick line instead of two thin lines can be seen on the bracket to the left of the mouthpiece of the post horn.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hans Meyer: Old Germany: Too great fear of forgeries. In: Deutsche Briefmarkenzeitung. 25/83, p. 4437.

Web links

Commons : Briefmarken Hannover  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files