Probstei (region)

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The Probstei is a region in the district of Plön in Schleswig-Holstein . The region is bordered in the north by the Baltic Sea , in the south by Lake Selenter and Passader See , in the west by the Hagener Au and in the east by the Mühlenau . As a local political administrative unit, the municipalities of the region today form the Probstei .

history

The area of ​​the later provosts, settled by Slavs ( Wends , Wagrier ) since the 6th century , came under the influence of the German, in this case Saxon, eastern settlement in the course of the 12th century . Before 1171, Count Heinrich von Badewide expelled the Slavs from Ostholstein. The Schauenburg Counts of Holstein repopulated the country with colonists from all of north-west Germany, especially East and Westphalia . In 1216 , Count Albrecht von Orlamünde left the salt marshes and the forest of the landscape, which was created by ground moraines , to the Marquard von Stenwer as a fief . Since 1226, most of the region was owned by the Preetz Benedictine convent . The last acquisitions of the monastery were Ratjendorf (1418) and Bendfeld (1421). Since then, the territory of the monastery-owned land has remained unchanged. Even after the conversion of the Benedictine monastery into a noble women's monastery of the Schleswig-Holstein knighthood (as it still exists today) in 1542, the monastery property remained undiminished.

Administration was with the provost . The name of the region Probstei is derived from the originally ecclesiastical, and with the conversion of the monastery then secular official title. The area of ​​the historical provost, not to be confused with the current office, comprised the three parishes :

Originally, the entire provost was surrounded by noble estates . In contrast to the noble estates districts in which until the 16th century the frame of serfdom emerged, characterized by Bauernlegen , forced labor and personal bondage, the Probsteier peasants remained personally free. Until the annexation of Schleswig-Holstein by Prussia in 1867, they were subject to the land and judicial rule of the Preetz monastery, were not owners of their land, but only leaseholders , had to pay taxes and court services and be obedient to the monastery. But they were not subject to serfdom. Consequently, there are no aristocratic manors, farm workers' settlements and the like in the area of ​​the provost. Because the compulsory contributions to the monastery were moderate, but the arable land was very productive, the farmers in the region were able to expand their prosperity and gain independence. This was also favored by the fact that the geographical peripheral location made it difficult for predatory armies to move through. The self-confident Probsteier condescendingly referred to adjacent areas as Tönkerie (after the whitewashed clay cottages of the estate workers).

In addition to tourism, rural agriculture is still the economic determinant of the provost. The most important places in the region are Schönberg , Probsteierhagen and Laboe .

and display information about the image
View from the Laboe Naval Memorial in east direction over the landscape of the provost's office

literature

  • Hellmuth Clasen: The provost in words and pictures. Collected and edited by Hellmuth Clasen in Schönberg i. Holstein. Illustrations by Hermann Stuhr in Altona. Schönberg (Holst.) 1898. Reprogr. Reprint Schoenberg (Holst.) O. J. [1975].
  • Richard Doose: The Development of Economic Conditions in the Probstei. (Work of the Chamber of Agriculture for the Prov. Schl.-Holst. 14.) Süderbrarup 1910.
  • Günter Finke: Probsteier gender book. A contribution to folklore and regional studies. Contributions to the family history of Schleswig-Holstein. Vol. 1: Neustadt an der Aisch 1957-1972. Vol. 2: Neustadt an der Aisch 1967-1979.
  • Jürgen Oetting: Nuns as mild authorities. The provost: farming land with a special status. In: Harald Breuer and Jens Reimer Prüß (eds.): Regional and leisure guide Schleswig-Holstein. VSA Verlag, Hamburg 1990, ISBN 3-87975-518-3 , pp. 181-183.
  • Peter Wenners: The Probsteier family names from the 14th to the 19th century. With an overview of the first names in the same period. Neumünster 1988 (= Kiel contribution to German language history 11; Phil. Diss. Kiel 1986).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Wenners, Familiennames, pp. 35f.
  2. ↑ Klaus-Joachim Lorenzen-Schmidt , Ortwin Pelc (Ed.): The new Schleswig-Holstein Lexicon. Wachholtz, Neumünster 2006, Lemma Probstei.
  3. ↑ Clasen, Probstei, p. 64f., Wenners, Familiennames, p. 31.
  4. ↑ Wenners, Familiennames, pp. 37–40.