Rösberg near Rommerode
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Rösberg near Rommerode
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.jpg) Motif from the northwest area. |
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| location | South-east of Rommerode , town of Großalmerode in the Werra-Meißner district in northern Hesse . | |
| WDPA ID | 555520062 | |
| Natura 2000 ID | 4724-309 | |
| FFH area | 42.55 hectares | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 14 ' N , 9 ° 46' E | |
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| Sea level | from 435 m to 515 m | |
| Setup date | 2004 | |
| particularities | Special protection as a flora-fauna habitat area and natural monument of vegetation . | |
The Rösberg near Rommerode rises to a height of 539.4 m from the low mountain range of the Kaufunger Forest in northern Hesse . It is characterized by limestone grasslands , economic grassland , fields and forests, which alternate with each other on a small scale and result in a diverse landscape . Because of the occurrence of particularly protected animal and plant species on its land, it became a flora-fauna-habitat area as part of the Europe-wide system of protected areas, Natura 2000 , which aims to network endangered habitats across borders. More than sixty different plant species can be found on the semi-arid grasslands created by human cultivation, many of which are considered rare and endangered.
location
The FFH area extends over an altitude of around 435 m in the east to 515 m in the north. It is located on the eastern and southern slopes of the Rösberg, between Rommerode and the Friedrichsbrück district of Hessisch Lichtenau . Administratively it belongs to the district of Rommerode, a district of the city of Großalmerode in the Werra-Meißner district in northern Hesse .
The Rösberg is located in the " Geo-Nature Park Frau-Holle-Land ". From a natural point of view, it is assigned to the " Rommeroder Hügelland " in the " Fulda-Werra-Bergland " in the main unit group of the " East Hessian Highlands ". To the west, the area merges into the sub-unit of the “ Söhre ”.
Soil and climate
From a geological point of view, the area is located in a fracture zone that is part of the branched sequence of depressions in the Witzenhausen-Altmorschen valley . In the area, which is criss-crossed by fault lines and strongly structured, the rocks are formations of shell limestone . On the ridge of the Rösberg, mainly shallow, stony rendzines have formed and lime-brown soils are present on flat surfaces that are not inclined at all . The base supply of the soils is considered good to very good everywhere.
The climate of the area is referred to as a sub-Atlantic, relatively cool, high-rainfall mountainous climate . This is reflected in the flora by the occurrence of a number of species, such as the spherical devil's claw and the meadow flax leaf , which are typical for the conditions of higher low mountain ranges. Due to the differences in altitude and the different exposures , however, considerable local climatic differences can occur. On the south side of the Limestone Ridge, very dry, warm conditions regularly dominate in summer.
Previous use
The creation of the cultural landscape in the region was closely linked to the mining of natural resources . The barren soils in the mountainous landscape forced the residents in the space between the Meißner and Kaufungen forests to use the existing coal and clay deposits and make them the basis of their economic existence . The mining and ceramics industries provided jobs. The agriculture has often operated as a sideline and mostly on very small plots. Relief and altitude as well as the regional socio-economic conditions prevented extensive intensive cultivation. The grassland of the Rösberg and the other existing areas was mostly mowed and the feed was fed to cows and goats, which were in the stables or on some pastures near the village all year round. A large part of the semi-arid grassland and meadows on the slopes of the mountain ridges could only be mowed once a year and not before mid-June. The existing grazing-sensitive plant species in the grasslands suggest that the mowing was done with a scythe . This type of use continued until after the Second World War . After that, many meadows fell fallow and were overgrown with bushes. With de-bushing measures and extensive grazing with sheep, the character of the poor lawn is to be preserved in the future.
nature
According to the standard data sheet for special protected areas, which was created in April 2004 and updated in January 2015, the landscape of the Rösberg is characterized by “valuable limestone grasslands alternating with extensively used hay meadows. The area is divided into small areas by hedges and bushes and has a diverse structure. ”The area, together with the neighboring FFH areas“ Lichtenauer Hochland ”and“ Hohekopf bei Großalmerode ”, is important for the networking of the poor grasslands in the Werra-Meißner district, which facilitate an exchange to secure individuals and prevent isolation.
vegetation
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With the " Sub-Mediterranean semi-arid grasslands " and the " Lean flatland hay meadows ", habitat types (LRT) occur according to the basic data collection , which are of Community interest according to the Habitats Directive and which must be designated as special protected areas for their conservation. In the 42.5 hectare protected area of the Rösberg, they have almost nine hectares, an area share of around 21 percent.
The occurrence of the single-bulb honey orchids, which is also called elf stalks, fulfilled the criteria to identify the priority subtype of LRT 6212 “Special stocks with remarkable orchids ”. It has a species composition comparable to that of 6212 "Sub-Mediterranean semi-arid grasslands". In terms of vegetation , they are assigned to the association of gentian-schiller grass lawns. The occurrence of numerous “ Red List species ” is regarded as remarkable . The endangered German gentian , the spherical devil's claw and the common cat's paw as well as the endangered species great anemone , Nordic bedstraw , fringed gentian , marsh finial and meadow flax leaf grow here .
Depending on the depth and the water supply, the lawns come in different forms. Types of pioneer lawns can be found on shallow sites, on nutrient-rich soils the populations are characterized by the species that have migrated from the smooth oat meadows . Like the other semi-arid grasslands of the western Meißner foreland, the semi-arid grasslands of the Rösberg are considered to be a characteristic of the whole country, characterized by the occurrence of pasture-sensitive but mowing-tolerant species such as bastard lady 's mantle , tufted bellflower and others.
Habitat type 6510 in the protected area includes extensively managed hay meadows in the flat and hilly areas, which are classified as oat meadows in plant sociology . The meadows are flowering, there is little fertilization and they are not mowed before the main flowering time of the grasses. On the Rösberg they come in a variety of training courses, with transitions to mountain hay meadows or lime grasslands. The upper layers of the stands are formed by upper grasses, which, in addition to the common oat, include the meadow ball-grass and the meadow fescue . In the species-rich middle layers, the not so vigorous grasses and the more conspicuously blooming common yarrow , meadow knapweed , meadow pippau , field scabious , marguerite , sharp buttercup , meadow sorrel , wild goat , meadow clover , fence vetch and germander grow Honorary award . Red List species are represented with Nordic bedstraw , fly ragweed and spherical devil's claw.
fauna
As a typical and valuable species of semi - arid grassland, the wart - biting insect from the superfamily of leaf locusts was recorded as part of a grid mapping. In the Red Lists, the wart-biter is classified nationwide as “endangered” and at state level as “highly endangered”. Notable species of grasshopper seen on the lawns include the short-winged bite insect and the heather grasshopper .
The abundance of plants on the Rösberg provides food and habitat for many insects. The many butterflies in the area are striking . During the investigations for the collection of basic data in 2002, a butterfly transect was created on an area in the semi- arid grassland. Around twenty butterfly and ram species were observed here . Among them, according to the "Red List of butterflies Hesse" were the endangered small blue , Hamearis Lucina and Speedwell Fritillary and Green Hairstreak , White cohesive Wiesenvöglein , legume white butterfly , swallowtail and grizzled skipper belonging to the butterfly species markedly decreased are, but not yet considered to be endangered.
The FFH area was not designated as a bird sanctuary. With the red-backed bird , a species of bird listed in Appendix I of the European Birds Directive occurs, for whose protection special measures are to be taken. The semi-open landscape of the Rösberg, with its hedges and bushes, offers the rare bird a suitable habitat.
Protected position
The Rösberg received its first protection status in 1970. The north-eastern area was designated as a natural monument of vegetation because of the occurrence of rare plants .
The areas were originally intended as a nature reserve and were temporarily secured from 1991 to 1997. In the "Landscape Framework Plan North Hesse 2000", the "Rösberg bei Rommerode" is listed under the areas that meet the requirements for designation as a nature reserve and must be designated if the goals specified in the Hessian law on nature conservation and landscape management (HENatG) are to be met.
With other Hessian areas worthy of protection, the Rösberg was proposed for the Natura 2000 network of protected areas in the early 2000s according to the specifications of the European Birds Directive and the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive of the European Union. The notification procedure was completed in 2004. In addition to area management and the associated monitoring, the EU called for a formal declaration of protection for the Natura 2000 areas, which took place in January 2008 with the “Ordinance on Natura 2000 areas in Hesse”. According to Annex I of the Habitats Directive for the habitat type 6210 “natural lime dry grassland”, protection goals are the preservation of the open land character of the sites as well as the preservation of the cultivation that promotes nutrient poverty. In the priority LRT * 6210, the wealth of orchids is to be secured. For the LRT 6510 "Lean flatland hay meadows" the maintenance of a favorable nutrient balance and a crop-defining cultivation is planned. The 42.55 hectare FFH area has the area number 4724-309 and the WDPA code 555520062.
Tourist development
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The area can be accessed via agricultural trails. There are benches along the paths and display boards provide information about the special features of the area. The open areas of the Rösberg offer views of the Hirschberg , at 435 m the highest mountain in the Kaufunger Forest, as well as the west side of the Hohen Meißner and the Lichtenau highlands.
literature
- Office for Applied Ecology and Forest Planning (BÖF): Basic data acquisition for FFH area DE 4724-309 “Rösberg bei Rommerode” . Regional Council Kassel, Kassel 2010.
- Lothar and Sieglinde Nitsche, Marcus Schmidt: Nature reserves in Hessen, protect-experience-maintain. Volume 3, Werra-Meißner district and Hersfeld-Rotenburg district . cognitio Verlag, Niedenstein 2005, ISBN 3-932583-13-2 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Profile of the FFH area 4724-309 "Rösberg bei Rommerode". In: Website of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation (BfN); accessed on August 5, 2020.
- ↑ Classification of natural areas according to Otto Klausing. In: Environmental Atlas Hessen; accessed on August 1, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d e Office for Applied Ecology and Forest Planning (BÖF): Basic data acquisition on the FFH area DE 4724-309 “Rösberg near Rommerode”.
- ↑ Regional Council Kassel: Standard data sheet for special protected areas . April 2004 and January 2015.
- ↑ "Lichtenauer Hochland." In: World database for protected areas; accessed on August 2, 2020.
- ↑ "Hohekopf near Großalmerode." In: World database for protected areas; accessed on August 2, 2020.
- ^ Red list of butterflies in Hesse . In: Nature Conservation Information System of the State of Hesse “Natureg-Viewer”; accessed on August 3, 2020.
- ↑ In the list of natural monuments of the Werra-Meißner district, the Rösberg has the number ND 636.070 with a designation date of June 22, 1970.
- ↑ Planned nature reserves in the Werra-Meißner district. In: Landschaftsrahmenplan Nordhessen 2000 ; accessed on August 5, 2020.
- ↑ Ordinance on the Natura 2000 areas in Hesse of January 16, 2008. In: Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse, Part I, No. 4 of March 7, 2008.
- ^ "Rösberg bei Rommerode." In: World database for protected areas; accessed on August 2, 2020.