Raymond Triboulet

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Raymond Triboulet (born October 3, 1906 in the 1st arrondissement , Paris ; † May 26, 2006 in Sèvres , Hauts-de-Seine ) was a French politician of the Rassemblement du peuple français (RPF) and the Union pour la Nouvelle République ( UNR), who was a member of the National Assembly between 1946 and 1959, 1962 to 1963 and most recently between 1967 and 1973 .

Between February and October 1955 and again from January 1959 to November 1962 he was Minister for Veterans and War Victims. He was also Assistant Minister for Cooperation between November 1962 and January 1966.

Life

Degree, farmer and journalist

Triboulet, whose father worked as a lawyer at the Commercial Court (Tribunal de commerce) in Paris, completed his school education at the Lycée Janson de Sailly and became a half-orphan after his father's death in 1925. He graduated with a degree in law and literature and then settled in Normandy , where he bought a farm with his inheritance. In addition, he wrote articles for magazines appearing in Paris and, as a staunch supporter of Charles Maurras, also for manifestos of the Action française , a right-wing , nationalist and monarchist political group in France that emerged in 1898 under the influence of the Dreyfus Affair .

After meeting Henri Robert Ferdinand Marie Louis Philippe d'Orléans at the end of 1934, he came into contact with the chairman of the Normandy Peasant Association, Jacques Le Roy Ladurie , who in turn introduced him to Henri Dorgères . He then became editor-in-chief of La Presse paysanne and, after meeting Lucien Rebatet and Robert Brasillach, also wrote articles for Le Temps , Candide and Je suis partout .

Unsuccessful candidacy for the National Assembly and World War II

In the elections to the National Assembly in 1936 Triboulet ran in the constituency of Clermont of the Oise department , but was defeated by the candidate of the radical commun front . The crisis following the Munich Agreement led to an attack on patriotism and its break with Brasillach.

After the beginning of the so-called seated war (Drôle de guerre) between the German Reich and France at the beginning of the Second World War , he was called up for active military service as a lieutenant in 1939 and, after the start of the western campaign to conquer France by the German Wehrmacht on June 18, 1940 in captivity , from which he was released on March 13, 1941. He refused the offer made to him to head the press department of the Vichy regime responsible for agriculture and returned to Normandy, where he built up a network of the resistance movement that had ties to the Réseau Alliance and Ceux de la Résistance .

In May 1944 he became secretary of the French Committee for National Liberation in Normandy and held talks with Maurice Schumann at the headquarters of the British Army on June 7, 1944 . A few days later, on June 16, 1944, he was appointed sub-prefect (Sous-préfet) of the liberated municipalities in the Arrondissement of Bayeux by the commissioner of the Republic François Coulet . As the founder and chairman of the D-Day commemoration committee , he received General Charles de Gaulle in Bayeux on June 10, 1945 and June 16, 1946, and through the talks held there, he became a supporter of Gaullism . Because of his negative attitude in the deliberations on the new constitution , however, he was dismissed as sub-prefect of the Arrondissement of Bayeux on May 8, 1946 and, after being appointed by General Marie-Pierre Kœnig, took over the function of inspector general in the military administration of the French occupation zone in Germany .

Fourth republic

Elected member of the National Assembly in 1946

After the founding of the Fourth French Republic on October 21, 1946, he ran for a seat in the National Assembly in the first elections on November 10, 1946 and was elected as a deputy in the Calvados department after Joseph Laniel for the list of Républicains indépendants . He was elected with 51,231 votes (28.7 percent of the votes cast) and, after moving into the Palais Bourbon, joined the faction of the Républicains indépendants , of which he soon became secretary.

He was also a member of the Committee on Fuels (Commission du ravitaillement) during this first legislative period from 1946 to 1949, and from 1946 to 1951 a member of the Committee on Reconstruction and War Damage (Commission de la reconstruction et des dommages de guerre) . After a meeting with Winston Churchill on May 14, 1947, he was one of the co-founders of the Groupe fédéraliste européen with Paul Rivet and René Coty , which became involved in the European Parliamentarians' Union after contacts with the Pan-European Union led by Coudenhove-Kalergi . In addition, as chairman of the D-Day Remembrance Committee, he was instrumental in the law of May 21, 1947, which established the annual commemoration of Operation Overlord .

In August 1947 he was the founder of the Rassemblement du peuple français (RPF) in the Calvados department and then joined the RPF faction in the National Assembly, which was part of the Gaullist group initiated by René Capitant . At the same time he was on November 30, 1948 titular judge at the Supreme Court of Justice (Haute Cour de justice) , two thirds of which consisted of MPs and one third of other people. At the end of this first legislative period he was a member of the Committee on National Defense (Commission de la défense nationale) from 1950 to 1951 .

Re-election as MP in 1951 and Minister in 1955

In the elections of June 17, 1951 Triboulet ran for the RPF, which won a total of 118 seats in the National Assembly. As the top candidate of the RPF in the Calvados department, he received General de Gaulle in Caen during the election campaign and presented the program initiated by de Gaulle for the national welfare (Program de salut national du général de Gaulle) , which essentially aims to combat the communist party communiste français (PCF) should serve. Despite the candidacy of six electoral lists there, three of which even pursued similar political Gaullist goals, Triboulet was re-elected with 49,171 votes and was even ahead of the result of the RPF list, which received 43,986 votes (24.3 percent).

After his return to the Palais Bourbon, Triboulet belonged again to both the Committee on National Defense and the Committee on Reconstruction and War Damage between 1951 and 1955. In February 1952 he was one of the main speakers in the debates on the question of a European Defense Community (EDC). On March 14, 1954, he also became a member of a sub-committee for the supervision of defense spending.

In August 1951 he also became a deputy member of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe in Strasbourg . In May 1953 tensions arose within the RPF group, which led to some of the MPs leaving this group and forming a new parliamentary group called Action républicaine et sociale (ARS), chaired by Henry Bergasse . Triboulet first became vice-chairman of the RPF group, which had only 78 parliamentarians, before he became group chairman in June 1954 after Jacques Chaban-Delmas became Minister for Public Works, Transport and Tourism in the government of Prime Minister Pierre Mendès France . At the same time he was a member of the General Council of the Calvados Department from 1954 to 1976 .

On February 23, 1955, Triboulet was appointed by Prime Minister Edgar Faure as Minister for Veterans and War Victims (Ministre des anciens combattants et des victimes de guerre) in his second cabinet . At the beginning of his tenure, he sought to create sufficient budgetary resources and technical support for the Ministry's tasks. In the fall of 1955, however, he was increasingly angry about the Morocco policy of the Prime Minister and the General Resident in French Morocco Gilbert Grandval, and in particular because of the lack of constitutional reforms. Thereupon he and Defense Minister Marie-Pierre Kœnig resigned from their ministerial offices on October 6, 1955 and together called for the Républicains sociaux to form a government of public salvation. His successor as Minister for Veterans and War Victims was then Vincent Badie , while Kœnig was replaced as Minister for National Defense by Pierre Billotte . However, he had voted against the premature dissolution of the National Assembly on December 1, 1955.

Re-elected in 1956

In the new elections planned, Triboulet ran at the request of Faures in the Calvados department on the list of Républicains sociaux , which consisted of the Mouvement républicain populaire (MRP) and Center national des indépendants et paysans (CNI). In his election campaign, on the one hand, he represented an anti-communist stance and, on the other hand, supported de Gaulle's Gaullist policy, which emphasized the importance of France as a world power, but also in Africa and Europe. In these elections, which took place on January 2, 1956, he was re-elected with 25,688 votes and was thus again ahead of the result of the list, which received 19,621 votes (9.6 percent of the votes cast).

During this third legislative period, he was again a member of the Committee on National Defense from 1956 to 1957, as well as a member of the Committee on Justice and Legislation (Commission de la justice et de la législation) , before being a member of the Committee on General Truthfulness from 1957 to 1958 , constitutional law and petitions (Commission du universal suffrage, the lois constitution nelles you et règlement of petitions) was and in 1958 also the Committee for reconstruction, war damage and housing (Commission de la reconstruction, the dommages de guerre et du logement) as a member belonged . On the other hand, he was France's representative in the Joint Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) between March 19 and July 3, 1957 . On July 22, 1958, Triboulet was also a member of the Advisory Constitutional Committee (Comité consultatif constitutionnel) , which dealt with the drafting of the Constitution of the Fifth French Republic , which was ratified on October 4, 1958. In addition, on May 21, 1958, he was rapporteur in a legislative procedure on the mandate of the members of the Conseil de la République elected in Algeria , Morocco , Tunisia , Cambodia , Laos and Vietnam , which, as the upper house of parliament at that time, corresponds to the current Senate . During this time the number of members of the group of the Républicains sociaux decreased to 21 MPs.

Fifth Republic

Minister in the Debre and Pompidou Governments

In the elections for the first National Assembly of the Fifth French Republic, founded on October 5, 1958, on November 30, 1958, Triboulet ran for the Gaullist Union pour la Nouvelle République (UNR) in the fourth constituency of the Calvados department and was again elected a member of the National Assembly.

On January 8, 1959, he was appointed by Prime Minister Michel Debré as Minister for Veterans and War Victims in his cabinet and thereupon resigned his mandate in the National Assembly on February 8, 1959. He held this ministerial office until the end of Debre's term of office and also held the ministerial office in the subsequent first government of Prime Minister Georges Pompidou from April 16, 1962 to November 28, 1962. He took up this position on Good Friday, April 15, 1960 , took part in the official inauguration of the Bittermark Memorial . Also present were the French ambassador to the Federal Republic of Germany , François Seydoux de Clausonne , Paul Garban from the search center for French war victims and delegations from many European countries. The main speakers at the commemoration were the Federal Minister for All-German Issues , Ernst Lemmer , Minister Triboulet, the Lord Mayor of Dortmund , Dietrich Keuning, and Jean-Louis Forest, President of the French National Association of Deportees.

After the formation of the second Pompidou cabinet , Triboulet was appointed Minister for Cooperation (Ministre délégué chargé de la coopération) on November 28, 1962 and held this office until the end of Pompidou's tenure on January 8, 1966. In the meantime he had been re-elected to the National Assembly on November 18, 1962 as a candidate of the UNR Union Démocratique du Travail (UDT) in the fourth constituency of the Calvados department, but resigned this mandate on January 6, 1963 after he Became a member of the government. During this period, he was accused that he had used as his ministerial position when his Abitur ( baccalaureate ) daughter Marie-Eudes Triboulet - albeit unsuccessfully - to help in which he called the chairman of the audit committee.

In the elections of March 5, 1967, Triboulet was again a member of the National Assembly for the fourth constituency of the Calvados department, this time running for the Union des Démocrates pour la Ve République (UDR). Most recently, he was elected to the National Assembly on June 23, 1968 for the Union pour la défense de la République (UDR) in the new elections, which were brought forward because of the unrest of May 1968 , and was a member of this until the end of the fourth legislative period on April 1, 1973 . He was also a member of the European Parliament between 1967 and 1973 . There he dealt among other things with questions of the rules of procedure such as the chairmanship of the session by the senior president of the European Parliament .

Chairman of the Pan-Europa Union and awards

After leaving the National Assembly, Triboulet became President of the Paneuropean Union in France in 1973 and held this position until 1987. In 1974 he took over the position of editor of the Bulletin Résistance nouvelle . He was also a member of the Economic and Social Council of the Lower Normandy Region between 1976 and 1980 .

On December 17, 1979, Triboulet became a member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques , where he succeeded Wilfrid Baumgartner, who died on June 1, 1978, in the third armchair (armchair) of the general department. In 1991 he was President of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques . On September 30, 1999, he was awarded the Senate Grand Medal (La Grande Médaille du Sénat) by Senate President Christian Poncelet . After his death, he was followed in 2007 by Jean-David Levitte as a member of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques .

Triboulet has received several awards for its many years of service. He was, among other things, a Grand Officer of the Legion of Honor and bearer of the Croix de guerre 1939-1945 and the Médaille de la Résistance . He was also awarded the Great Cross of Merit with a Star of the Federal Republic of Germany and he is also a Grand Officer of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic . He was also commander of the Order of the British Empire , the Belgian Order of the Crown and the Order of Saint Olav of Norway .

From his 1928 marriage with Luce Chauveau, a granddaughter of the natural scientist Auguste Chauveau , they had six children.

Publications

  • Les Billets de Négus , 1939
  • Sens dessus lingerie , 1951
  • Des vessies pour des lanternes , 1958
  • Pourquoi la coopération? , 1964
  • Halt au massacre , 1966
  • Grandeur et servitudes de la majorité , 1966
  • L'Europe véritable de la Grande-Bretagne , 1971
  • Edition de Gaston Jean-Baptiste de Renty (1611-1649), Correspondance , 1978
  • A tous ceux qui sont mal dans leur peau , 1981
  • Un gaullist de la IVe , 1985
  • Un ministre du général , 1986
  • Gaston de Renty, un homme de ce monde, un homme de Dieu , 1992

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Corinne Bouillot: La Reconstruction en Normandie et en Basse-Saxe après la seconde guerre mondiale: Histoire, mémoires et patrimoines de deux régions européennes , 2013, ISBN 979-1-02400-018-3
  2. ^ Sam Edwards: Allies in Memory: World War II and the Politics of Transatlantic Commemoration, c. 1941–2001 , 2015, ISBN 1-31624-063-0 , p. 102 ff.
  3. ↑ Nikolaus Meyer-Landrut: France and German Unity: The attitude of the French government and the public to the Stalin notes 1952 , 1988, ISBN 3-48670-324-2 , p. 90
  4. ↑ Entry on the homepage of the National Assembly (1st legislative period)
  5. ^ Debré cabinet
  6. ↑ Pompidou I cabinet
  7. ↑ Pompidou II cabinet
  8. ^ Klaus-Dieter Osswald: AUTHORS: RAYMOND TRIBOULET . In: Der Spiegel from January 31, 1966
  9. ↑ France's Development Aid : Long- Term Policy? , 2013, ISBN 3-32298-440-0 , p. 22 and a.
  10. ↑ Entry on the homepage of the National Assembly (2nd legislative period)
  11. ^ Raymond Triboulet . In: Der Spiegel of September 2, 1964
  12. ↑ Entry on the homepage of the National Assembly (3rd legislative period)
  13. ↑ Entry on the homepage of the National Assembly (4th legislative period)
  14. ↑ Benedikt Brunner: The President of the Age: A constitutional regulation and its alternatives , 2011, ISBN 3-53194-362-6 , p. 136
  15. ↑ Section VI: Membres libres puis Section générale on the homepage of the Académie des sciences morales et politiques
  16. ↑ Gaston de Renty, un homme de ce monde, un homme de Dieu (online version in Google Books)
  17. ↑ CEJ Caldicott: La carrière de Molière: entre protecteurs et éditeurs , 1998, ISBN 9-04200-293-X , p. 18 u. a.
personal data
SURNAME Triboulet, Raymond
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French politician, member of the National Assembly
DATE OF BIRTH October 3, 1906
PLACE OF BIRTH 1st arrondissement , Paris
DATE OF DEATH May 26, 2006
Place of death Sèvres , Hauts-de-Seine department