Richard Bielenberg

Richard Bielenberg (born November 6, 1871 in Eckernförde , † June 23, 1929 in Berlin ; full name: Richard Detlev Johannes Bielenberg ) was a German architect .

family

Richard Bielenberg was a son of Otto (Claudius Peters Mohr) Bielenberg (born November 5, 1843 in Hemme , † November 15, 1920 in Hamburg ). The father worked as the main teacher at the girls' school and organist at St. Nicolai in Eckernförde . He was married to Emma Maria Henriette , née Dose (born January 6, 1845 on Hof Tramm, parish Lebrade ; † after 1920), who was a daughter of Hinrich Detlef Diedrich Dose and Anna Margarethe Juliane Dose, née. Petersen was.

Richard Bielenberg married Maria Reckhemmer on August 7, 1900 in Stuttgart (born September 8, 1873 in Vienna , † February 8, 1950 in Berlin). The couple had a son.

education

Bielenberg attended a middle school in Eckernförde and then did an apprenticeship as a carpenter . From the winter semester 1888/89 he learned in the following winter semesters and most recently in the summer semester 1891 in classes VI to I of the building trade school Eckernförde . In one of the summer semesters when there was no school, he probably finished his vocational training, as is usual for students in this subject. He left the building trade school with the exam grade "excellent". He then worked in the building construction department of the city of Hamburg.

A year later, Bielenberg moved to Berlin to work in the architecture office of Wilhelm Martens , who was particularly concerned with bank buildings. Due to his commitment and talent, he became managing director and partner here . Together with his colleague Josef Moser he took part in several architectural competitions, for example in 1902 for the construction of a secondary school in Bremen, where they won second prize. They presented a picturesque ensemble of buildings in the neo-renaissance style . In 1903 the architects submitted a contribution to the competition to build the town hall in Kiel , for which they did not receive a prize. The German competitions magazine nevertheless showed him in a report on the competition.

Banks and office buildings

In 1905 Bielenberg and Moser took part in a competition organized by Aschingers AG for a new building for the “Der Fürstenhof” hotel , which they won. With the associated construction contract, they left Martens architecture office and founded their own office.

As with the Berlin hotel “Der Fürstenhof”, Bielenberg and Moser worked in the neo-baroque style until the outbreak of the First World War . Their clients preferred representative, magnificent buildings with opulent baroque elements or forms of the high renaissance, although the architects made modifications and also chose independent forms. Another example of this was today's office building on the market in Bremen , built 1910–1912 as a bank building for the Disconto-Gesellschaft .

Up until the First World War, Bielenberg and Moser planned numerous large structures. In 1912 this included part of today's Kaiserhöfe in Berlin, originally built for the Prussian Central-Bodenkredit-AG . Here the architects worked much more conservatively and, in accordance with the taste of their clients, orientated themselves strictly to examples from the French Baroque. Bielenberg and Moser's joint work at that time showed that they adhered very closely to the wishes of clients.

Bielenberg tried often unsuccessfully to get orders in Schleswig-Holstein . In 1908, together with Moser, he won a competition from Commerz-Bank in Lübeck AG and, one year later, planned the bank at Kohlmarkt in Lübeck , where they chose a brick facade that was quite simple for their standards and at the same time took into account the heights of existing buildings in the old town.

In 1908 Bielenberg and Moser created a department store for the Fischer & Wolff company on the Kaiser-Wilhelm-Straße 7 property in Berlin-Mitte. The architects worked much more easily than with bank buildings. With their design, they were among the most modern department store planners of their time. The five-story building at a prominent location in Berlin existed until the Second World War.

At times, the architects maintained a branch office in Cologne from which they carried out their projects in West Germany. How long this branch existed is not documented.

After the First World War and the economic decline caused by inflation , Bielenberg and Moser received more orders than many other architects. Many of the bank and office buildings they planned were built after 1918. In the first few years after the war, they mostly worked in the Expressionist style , which dominated the architecture. In 1924 both took part in a competition to build on the Prince Albrecht Gardens. Bielenberg and Moser also won one of 130 participants, several of whom received 1st prize. They were also allowed to draw up the plans for the Deutschlandhaus , originally planned as the Europahaus . Here they worked in the New Objectivity style , which they obviously had problems implementing. The construction, which can be regarded as unsatisfactory, deviated significantly from the architects' first plans. The construction of the commercial building was complicated, especially after Bielenberg's death in 1929, and has been suspended for a while. Between 1928 and 1931, the architect Otto Firle added the current Europahaus to Bielenberg's building. In doing so, he reshaped Bielenberg and Moser's building and added to it. In 1989/1990 the original condition was partially restored.

In 1925, Bielenberg and Moser took part in a competition organized by the specialist magazine Wasmuths Monatshefte für Baukunst und Städtebau , in which proposals were made for a redesign of the Unter den Linden street . They won third prize among top-class competitors. The architects submitted a monumental design that was reminiscent of their buildings from the pre-war period.

In 1928 Bielenberg and Moser took on another contract for an office building in the New Objectivity style. The construction on the land Nürnbergerstraße 50-55 lasted from 1928 to 1930 and thus ended after Biel's death. With this building they succeeded in creating a perfectly shaped, uniform work. It was later described as one of the “best examples of office building construction in Berlin in the 1920s”.

Residential buildings

In addition to the construction of office buildings, Bielenberg and Moser also dealt with upscale residential buildings. Even before the First World War, they created the plans for Mallinckrodt Castle near Wetter (Ruhr) and Herdecke . From 1919 they planned many villas in Berlin and the surrounding area. In 1927 they received an order from Paul von Hindenburg and planned the construction of his mansion on Gut Neudeck . It is noteworthy that this house was built around the same time as the New Objectivity office building on Nürnberger Strasse in Berlin. The neo-baroque mansion stood in complete contrast to this.

Importance as an architect

According to an obituary in the magazine Die Bauwelt dedicated to Bielenberg, Bielenberg and Moser were only able to take on so many orders because Bielenberg not only created good designs, but also had “high organizational strength”. The architect worked mostly conservatively, but skillfully with many facets. It was extremely adaptable to the changing tastes of the client. His execution of the office building on Nürnberger Strasse made him one of the best architects of the German avant-garde.

His professional success also led to his being appointed a full member of the Prussian Academy of Building in March 1929 .

Josef Moser continued the Berlin law firm after Bielenberg's death until 1960. Obviously, he was no longer noticeable. From 1929 onwards, no independent buildings are known.

Buildings and designs

• 1906–1907: Hotel "Der Fürstenhof" in Berlin, Potsdamer Platz (destroyed in World War II)
• around 1908: Department store for the Fischer & Wolff carpet store in Berlin-Mitte, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Strasse 7 / Spandauer Strasse (destroyed in World War II)
• 1908–1910: Commercial building of the grain exchange in Duisburg , Düsseldorfer Straße 7 (destroyed in World War II)
• 1909–1910: Bank building for the Commerz-Bank in Lübeck AG in Lübeck, Kohlmarkt 7–13 (today called Bankhaus am Kohlmarkt , only facade preserved)
• 1909–1912: Expansion on both sides of the Disconto-Gesellschaft bank building in Berlin-Mitte, Behrenstrasse 42–45
• 1910–1912: Bank building for Disconto-Gesellschaft AG in Bremen, Am Markt / Langenstrasse 2–8 / Stintbrücke 1 / Bredenstrasse 13 (simplified after war damage, under monument protection, today called Kontorhaus am Markt , 1999–2002 by Manfred Schomers and Rainer Schürmann rebuilt)
• 1910–1912: Bank building for the Oldenburgische Spar- und Leihbank in Oldenburg , Markt 12
• 1912: Extension for the Delbrück, Schickler & Co. bank in Berlin-Mitte, Mauerstraße 63-65 (destroyed in World War II)
• around 1912: Bank building of the Ostbank for trade and commerce in Poznan
• 1912–1914: Bank building for the Preußische Central-Bodenkredit-AG in Berlin-Mitte, Dorotheenstadt, Unter den Linden 26 and Mittelstrasse 53/54 (today part of the Kaiserhöfe , a listed building)
• 1914: Extension of the residential building at Höhmannstrasse 2 in Berlin-Grunewald (under monument protection)
• 1914: Bank building for the Rheinisch-Westfälische Boden-Credit-Bank AG in Cologne, Unter Sachsenhausen 2
• 1916–1917: Office and commercial building of Robert Bosch AG in Berlin-Charlottenburg, Bismarckstrasse 71 / Fritschestrasse 32 (under monument protection)
• 1916–1922: Administration building for Deutsche Erdöl-AG ( DEA ) (today the Senate Department for Economics, known as the former Olex-Haus ) in Berlin-Schöneberg, Martin-Luther-Strasse 105 / Dominicusstrasse 2-10 / Fritz-Elsas-Strasse 3 (under monument conservation)
• 1923–1924: Fallen Memorial in Eckernförde, on the Mühlenberg cemetery (sculpture by sculptor Hermann Feuerhahn )
• 1925–1926: "Landhaus Berglinde" in Berlin-Kladow, Sakrower Kirchweg 97 (under monument protection)
• 1925–1928: Office and commercial building with the “ Admiralspalast ” hotel in Hindenburg, Upper Silesia ( Zabrze , Poland), Kronprinzenstraße 305
• 1926–1927: Office and commercial building with a cinema for Großbauten AG (initially called Europahaus , today Deutschlandhaus ) in Berlin-Kreuzberg, Stresemannstrasse 90–102 / Anhalter Strasse (changed, listed)
• 1928–1929: House at Taubertstrasse 18 in Berlin-Grunewald (under monument protection)
• 1928–1930: Conversion and extension of the manor house on Gut Neudeck in East Prussia for Reich President Paul von Hindenburg (destroyed in 1945)
• 1928–1931: “Haus Nürnberg” office and commercial building with Femina Palace in Berlin-Schöneberg, Nürnberger Strasse 50–56 (modified, listed)

• 

  Hotel "Der Fürstenhof" in Berlin (1907/1908)

• 

  Bank building in Cologne, Unter Sachsenhausen 2 (2011)

• 

  Bosch House in Berlin (2010)

• 

  Administration building of DEA in Berlin-Schöneberg, called "Olex-Haus" (2012)

• 

  Admiralspalast in Zabrze (2008)

• 

  Today's Germany House in Berlin (1927)

• 

  House Nuremberg in Berlin (2014)

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, p. 40.
2. ^ ^{A b} Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, p. 41.
3. ^ Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, pp. 41–42.
4. ^ ^{A b} Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, p. 42.
5. ^ Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, pp. 42–43.
6. ^ ^{A b} Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, p. 43.
7. ↑ Klemens Klemmer, quoted from Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, p. 43.
8. ^ ^{A b c} Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, p. 44.
9. ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung , 49th year 1929, No. 13 (from March 27, 1929), p. 212.
10. ↑ Berliner Architekturwelt , 12th year 1909/1910, issue 1 (from April 1909), p. 4 f.
11. ↑ Peter Haiko (ed.): The architecture of the XX. Century, magazine for modern architecture. Representative cross-section through the 14 published years 1901 to 1914. Wasmuth, Tübingen 1989, ISBN 3-8030-3039-0 .
12. ↑ The Commerz-Bank in Lübeck AG is not identical to the former Commerz- und Disconto-Bank AG , which later became Commerzbank AG.
13. ^ Peter Reinig, Klaus A. Zugermeier: Architecture in Oldenburg since the turn of the century. Oldenburg 1986, ISBN 3-87358-268-6 .
14. ↑ Wasmuth's monthly magazine for architecture , 1st year 1914/1915, p. 263 f.
15. ↑ Berliner Architekturwelt , 16th year 1913/1914, issue 1 (from April 1913), pp. 5–7.
16. ↑ Prussian Central-Bodenkredit-AG in the Berlin State Monument List
17. ↑ Landhaus Höhmannstrasse 2 in the Berlin State Monument List
18. ↑ Landeskonservator Rheinland (ed.): List of monuments Cologne city center. Cologne / Bonn 1977.
19. ↑ Bosch House in the Berlin State Monument List
20. ↑ Olex House in the Berlin State Monument List
21. ↑ Eckernförder Ehrenmal at www.denk-mal-gegen-krieg.de , accessed on June 25, 2018 (no deeplink possible)
22. ↑ Landhaus Berglinde in the Berlin State Monument List
23. ^ Nikolaus Gussone (Ed.): The architecture of the Weimar Republic in Upper Silesia. Dülmen 1992, ISBN 3-87466-176-8 .
24. ↑ House of the East German Homeland & Germany House in the Berlin State Monument List
25. ↑ Landhaus Taubertstrasse 18 in the Berlin State Monument List
26. ↑ Femina-Palast & Haus Nürnberg in the Berlin State Monument List

literature

• Peter Genz: Bielenberg, Richard. In: Biographical Lexicon for Schleswig-Holstein and Lübeck. Volume 13, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster 2011, pp. 40–44.