Behrenstrasse
Behrenstrasse | |
---|---|
Street in Berlin | |
Back facade of the DZ-Bank in Behrenstrasse | |
Basic data | |
place | Berlin |
District | center |
Created | 17th century |
Newly designed | gradually since 1991 |
Connecting roads |
Ebertstrasse , Bebelplatz |
Cross streets | Cora-Berliner-Straße (south) , Wilhelmstraße , Mauerstraße (south) , Glinkastraße , Friedrichstraße , Charlottenstraße , Markgrafenstraße (south) , Hedwigskirchgasse (south) |
Places | Bebelplatz |
use | |
User groups | Pedestrian traffic , bicycle traffic , car traffic , public transport |
Technical specifications | |
Street length | 1150 meters |
The Behrenstraße is a 1,150-meter-long street in the Berlin district of Mitte of the district of the same . It forms the border between the historic districts of Dorotheenstadt and Friedrichstadt .
location
Behrenstrasse begins at Bebelplatz and then runs west to Ebertstrasse . The house numbers have been running in horseshoe form from house no.1 near the corner of Cora-Berliner-Strasse (Ebertstrasse) to Bebelplatz and back to house no.74 since around 1800 .
The old numbering was from 1 to 17 on the northern side (towards Unter den Linden) from Opernplatz to Wilhelmstraße and on the other side of the street in the opposite direction the numbers 1 to 37 (see map).
Naming
Behrenstrasse has been named after Johann Heinrich Behr (1647–1712) since 1706 , who planned and implemented the construction of Friedrichstadt, which began here.
history
The Behrenstrasse was laid out at the end of the 17th century and roughly follows the course of the Hornwerk , an earlier city fortification of the Dorotheenstadt, which was leveled at the beginning of the 18th century. First of all, residential buildings were built, which gave way to new, more splendid office and commercial buildings at the beginning of the 19th century. Above all, the emerging banks acquired the building site and mostly had renowned architects build their headquarters here. The central location of this street led early on to a supra-regional importance for residents and neighbors. In the street, which was finally shaped by banks ( Berlin's banking district ) in the 1920s, there were also administrative buildings and cultural institutions.
After the severe damage of the Second World War , due to the proximity to the government buildings, the buildings on Behrenstrasse were cleared and restored at an early stage .
Most of the preserved historical buildings are now listed .
Special buildings and monuments
→ List of cultural monuments in Berlin-Mitte / Friedrichstadt - architectural monuments
The list shows the years of construction, the owners or users and, if applicable, the architects. The house numbers follow the numbering from 1800. This begins on Wilhelmstrasse, runs on the southern side of the street and returns north to Ebertstrasse: (selection)
Behrenstrasse 1-59
Number 1/2
- 1875 to after 1900: Berlin branch of Mitteldeutsche Creditbank .
- In 1920 the Entente Commission of the Foreign Office was located here .
- In 1930 the Deutsche Rentenbank was the main user of the building.
- In 1982 a swimming pool was built here for employees of the Soviet embassy.
Number 3
- Around 1900: Deutsche Hypothekenbank Meiningen .
Number 6-8
- In 1933 the house of the Commerz- und Privat-Bank A.-G.
Number 7, 7a
- Around 1875: Literary Office of the Royal Ministry of State .
- 1872/1873: (7a, corner of Mauerstraße 33): Norddeutsche Grundcredit-Bank, built according to plans and under the direction of the architects Kayser & von Großheim for 160,000 thalers . The bank's business premises were on the ground floor, and a large luxury apartment on each of the two floors above. The facades are in the style of Italian palace architecture. Silesian sandstone was used as building material for the cornices and other architectural parts . The surfaces and cuboids are cleaned . Later other administrations moved into the vacant apartments, such as the German East African Society or the German Palestine Orient Society in 1885 .
Numbers 9/10
- No. 9: former practice of Henriette Hirschfeld-Tiburtius .
- 1872–1874: New building for the Deutsche Union Bank , headquarters and use by the Club of Berlin .
- 1876–1945: Deutsche Bank building complex .
- 1949–1990: Ministry of the Interior of the GDR .
Number 13
- Around 1875: Mesersche Hof music dealership .
Numbers 14-16
- 1898: built as a residential and commercial building.
- 1910: Headquarters of the Bank for Trade and Industry .
Numbers 17-20
- After it was completely destroyed in World War II, a parking garage was built at this point . The car park was demolished around 2012, where the investor Frankonia Eurobau AG is building the Palais Behrens for around 76 million euros . The main tenants of the building planned for 2015 will be the television companies RTL and n-tv .
Numbers 18/19
- Hotel Hohenzollern
Number 20
- 1881: Bankhaus C. Schlesinger, Trier & Co. completely destroyed in the Second World War.
Behrenstrasse 21-39
Numbers 21/22
- 1743–1766: no longer preserved house of mathematician Leonhard Euler , which is reminiscent of a plaque located here.
- 1911–1912: Richard Bielenberg and Josef Moser built the building in the neoclassical style for the A. Schaaffhausen'scher Bankverein zu Köln , which used it until 1914 as its central administration. The three-storey building has an ashlar facade that is divided into seven axes. The ground floor area is rustified , the facade decorations are the colossal pilasters on the two upper floors as well as relief fields above the windows and a richly structured cornice.
- In 1910 a Rheinisch-Westfälische Boden-Credit-Bank was given as the user .
- 1914–1929: After the merger, the building is transferred to the Disconto-Gesellschaft .
- 1929–1945: after another merger, the building becomes the headquarters of Deutsche Bank .
- 1945–1990: after the Second World War and the founding of the GDR , the Deutsche Handelsbank AG was located here .
- Acquired by Bavaria in 1992 and inaugurated in December 1998 as the new representation of the Free State of Bavaria at the federal government .
Number 24
- 1882: Siechen beer house
Numbers 25/26
- 1887–1889: New building as a brewery bar for Pschorrbräu
- Around 1920 the Pschorr-Haus restaurant developed from this.
Number 28
- Around 1875: Administration of the Cuxhaven Steamship and Harbor Corporation .
Number 29
- 1880: Fritz Gurlitt's gallery for contemporary art
- In 1920 the Christian Association of Young Men and the Christian Hospice are registered here as users.
Number 31
- 1777–1801: Residence of the artist / copper engraver Daniel Chodowiecki .
- Around 1875 (numbers 30/31): Banking transactions by Richter & Co and Coppel & Co.
Number 32
- Around 1850: home of the banker Carl Fürstenberg .
Number 32/33
- 1899/1900: rebuilt by Alfred Messel as the seat of the Berliner Handels-Gesellschaft in neo -renaissance style; Heinrich Schweitzer extended the building complex to Französische Strasse in 1911 .
Co-users around 1900 were also the bank for Deutsche Eisenbahnwerte and the trading company for real estate ;
used by the State Bank of the GDR after 1949 .
Number 35 (Markgrafen-Palais, also Markgrafenstrasse 43-44)
- 1895–1897: New building for the Pommersche Hypotheken-Aktienbank , from which the Berliner Hypothekenbank AG emerged around 1910 .
- In 1920 the building is owned by Dresdner Bank.
- 1923: remodeling
- since 2010: Headquarters of the Verband der Automobilindustrie e. V. (VDA)
Numbers 36–39 (Nos. 36–37: Behren-Palais)
- 1889–1897: New building as the headquarters of the Dresdner Bank by Ludwig Heim in the style of the Roman High Renaissance, used until 1945 also by smaller stock corporations.
- 1945–1946: seat of the central committee of the SPD .
- 1952–1957: after reconstruction, the seat of the SED's state and district leadership in Berlin .
- 1957–1990: Headquarters of the State Bank of the GDR .
- 1990–1998: Headquarters of the Berliner Bank .
- Since 2006: Rocco Forte Hotel de Rome ; furthermore: Bankhaus Löbbecke .
Behrenstrasse 40-59
Number 40
- 1775–1780: Construction of a house for three families with the premises of the Old Royal Library . It was used as a library / official building for the Berlin University until around 1945. After the war damage, a new building was built here between 1963 and 1969 together with number 41 as an office building for the State Library .
- 1812: Johann Erich Biester's official residence .
- After 1990: Office for Education Funding of the Berlin Student Union .
Number 41
- 1788–1794: established as the seat of the general widow's catering establishment (General Widows ' Fund) .
- Until 1822 the seat of the widows' catering facility
- 1822–1834: Residence of the Prussian Interior Minister Friedrich von Schuckmann .
- 1834: Sale and amalgamation with the building at Unter den Linden 37, the buyer was the prince and later Kaiser Wilhelm I. Numerous employees of the imperial court then lived in this house, such as "palace ladies" and a castellan .
- From 1885: use by the neighboring library
- Between 1963 and 1969, after the destruction of the war , a new office building was built here together with number 40
- After 1990: used by the Studentenwerk Berlin
Number 42
- Mid-19th century: Dutch Palais (part of the postal address Unter den Linden 36).
- Since 2009 the seat of the Berlin Representation of the National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Dentists in the Humboldt Carré .
- Since 2011 seat of the Federal Chamber of Tax Advisors .
Numbers 42-45
- 1899–1901 (No. 43/44): New building for the Disconto-Gesellschaft by Ludwig Heim , which expanded its headquarters on Unter den Linden . It was a stone-clad facade with thirteen axes in the style of the Italian high renaissance .
- 1909–1912, Richard Bielenberg and Josef Moser carried out a structural expansion on both sides (nos. 42 and 45), with the original facades being simplified and the former gable removed.
- 1921–1925: four floors were added.
- 1929: After the merger, the Deutsche Bank building .
- 1933: sold to the German Reich. Seat of the Prussian Ministry of Economics and Labor and the Reich Ministry of Economics .
- 1960: Reconstruction after severe damage in the Second World War.
- 1960–1990: Seat of various authorities of the Council of Ministers of the GDR and the East Berlin Magistrate .
- 1990: The building comes under federal ownership and becomes the seat of various departments of the Senate Department for Urban Development .
- 2005: Sale to BonnVisio GmbH & Co. KG
- 2007–2009: Redesign to the Humboldt Carré (renovation and extension) by the architects Karl-Heinz Schommer.
Number?
(new: number 30)
- 1811–1813: The home of the writer Rahel Varnhagen von Ense .
- 1820: Wilhelm von Humboldt's house after he was released from the Prussian civil service on December 31, 1819.
Number 46
- In the 19th century: Magnus banking house in baroque style.
- In the 19th century: the home of the banker Friedrich Martin Magnus .
- In the 19th century: home of Professor Gustav von Magnus .
- In the 19th century: residence and studio of the painter Eduard Magnus .
- 1900/1901: rebuilt by Wilhelm Martens as the headquarters of the Berlin bank founded in 1871 . Building shapes simplified and one floor increased.
- 1950–1990: used by the Textilcommerz trade organization .
- Since 1999: Headquarters of the German Savings Banks and Giro Association .
Number 47
- Haus Trarbach (wine shop / gastronomy; architect: Richard Walter, Friedenau ).
Number 48 built around 1800 and demolished in 1909 two-story house. Former palace of Count Lichtenau.
- 1844: Birthplace of the Social Democrat Paul Singer .
- 1823–1853: Residence of the Carl Ferdinand Graefe family , surgeon and ophthalmologist, father of the famous Berlin ophthalmologist Albrecht von Graefe (1828–1870). He had acquired the former palace of the Count of Lichtenau. His wife Auguste von Graefe, b. von Alten, (1797–1857) lived there until 1853.
- From 1856: the headquarters of the Robert Warschauer & Co. bank was on the ground floor . The upper floor was the private apartment of the Robert Warsawers family , and later that of his son Robert Warschauer junior .
Number 49
Numbers 50-52
- Around 1850 (No. 50): Seat of the Royal Railway Commissariat of Prussia.
- Around 1875: Imperial German Post Office No. 49 .
- Around 1875: Aktiengesellschaft Passage Friedrichstrasse . ( Kaisergalerie Behrenstrasse 50–52, Unter den Linden 22/23, Friedrichstrasse 163/164).
Numbers 53-58
- Over the centuries there have been various buildings on lots 53–58 that have been used as theaters or ballrooms. They have been rebuilt and rebuilt several times. In the 18th century in particular, it was the interior development on the courtyards facing the street Unter den Linden. This was accessible through several gateways in the front houses in Behrenstrasse and Unter den Linden; thus the same buildings sometimes operated under different addresses. For several of these institutions the unofficial designation Theater in der Behrenstrasse or An der Behrenstrasse was common.
- Number 54: In the 19th century, the private bank R. Oppenheim & Sohn
- Numbers 53/54: In 1910, the Metropol Palast was opened with “Bier cabaret ”, “Palais de Danse” with Ladislaus Löwenthal as bandmaster, and “Pavillon Mascotte”. The building complex of the Metropol Palast was renamed Alkazar between 1928 and 1930 . From 1928 the theater in Behrenstrasse was located there , previously the Metropol-Cabaret under the direction of Alex Braune .
- Number 55: Before 1764–1775 Schuchisches Comödienhaus , including the first performances of Lessing's Emilia Galotti 1772 and Goethe's Götz von Berlichingen .
From 1775 to 1789: Döbbelinsches Theater by Carl Theophil Doebbelin , including the world premiere of Lessing's Nathan the Wise 1783,
from 1789: foundation and temporary location of the Berlin National Theater .
- Numbers 55–57: 1892–1897 based on a design by Hermann Gottlieb Helmer and Ferdinand Fellner 1891–1892 in the Viennese Baroque style for the Unter den Linden theater and connected to the Unter den Linden boulevard via the Kleine Lindenpassage ,
1898–1945 Location of the Metropol-Theater , redesigned inside by Alfred Grenander in 1928.
Since 1947 location of the Komische Oper . Due to severe war damage, the entrance facade was completely redesigned in 1966/1967 under the direction of Kunz Nierade and provided with copper jewelry from Fritz Kühn's workshop . The central staircase and the auditorium have largely been preserved. - Number 56: This is where the composer Otto Nicolai lived in his last years , at the beginning of the 20th century a plaque indicated it.
- Numbers 56–58: until 1890 the seat of the Actien-Bau-Verein .
- Number 58: the narrator Paul Heyse spent his childhood and youth here since 1837.
Numbers 58/59
- In 1822, under number 59, “a wall” is given.
After the Second World War , the former Kanonierstraße was extended on these two properties and renamed Glinkastraße.
Behrenstrasse 60-72
Number 60
- Nathan Mendelssohn had his workshop here from 1806 to 1813
Number 61
- 1812: Philologist Friedrich August Wolf's apartment .
Number 64/65
Building opposite the confluence of Mauerstrasse and Behrenstrasse
- 1797 Countess von Hessen-Cassel, widow (old No. 16)
- built around 1840 as a new residential building.
- 1871 Hotel Windsor (address "Kleine Mauerstraße 4/5"). On the right side there was a passage in the house to Kleine Mauerstrasse, which led to Unter den Linden.
- around 1950 reconstruction or new building.
- then to the Russian embassy (since when?)
- School of the Embassy of the Russian Federation (now Behrenstrasse 64/65)
Number 66
- 1792/93 Palais Massow built by Conrad Friedrich Wilhelm Titel
- around 1820–1871: Offices of the Prussian War Ministry (“the sovereign treasury”) with the Bureau of the Great General Staff and topographical bureau of the Royal Planning Chamber and apartment of State Minister Hans Graf von Bülow .
- 1872–1918 seat of the military cabinet
- 1875: specified as the administration of the military treasury ,
- In 1920 the property management of the Reichswehr was named as the main user.
- From approx. 1936: Seat of the Catholic Bishop of Berlin (Episcopal Ordinariate) .
- After 1947: Consular section of the Embassy of the Russian Federation in Berlin .
Number 67
- 1838–1861 Martin Wilhelm Oppenheim banker, owner
- 1844–1870 Otto Georg Oppenheim lawyer and senior tribunal councilor
- 1860–1870: Adolph Oppenheim farmer and manor owner
- 1882: The area of the Hotel Bristol , Unter den Linden, reached back to Behrenstraße 67
Number 69
- 1820: Apartment of the court and cathedral preacher Theremin.
- 1875: Berlin Life Insurance Company
Number 70
- 1797 still undeveloped
- The philosopher Arthur Schopenhauer lived here from 1828–1829 / 30 , probably in a furnished apartment, and gave lectures at the university
- In 1832 / 33–1853 / 68 Mathilde von Rohr visited a literary salon that Theodor Fontane visited in 1852
- 1875: Grand Ducal Badische Legation
- then owned by the Prussian Ministry of Culture (since when?)
- 1901/02 Postal address of the advisor in the Prussian Ministry of Culture Ludwig Elster
- since 1905 rooms of the seminar for Eastern European history of the university with Theodor Schiemann
- 1927–1931 owned by Danat-Bank
- since 1931 owned by the German Reich
- after 1945 ??
- since 1997 parking garage of the Hotel Adlon
Numbers 71
- April 1821–1822: Heinrich Heine's house , who moved into a furnished room on the third floor and began studying law at Berlin University.
- since 1874 owned by the Prussian Ministry of Culture
- Demolished in 1879 and rebuilt by 1883
- 1901–1903: Extension for the Prussian Ministry of Culture by Paul Kieschke ,
- In 1910 the ministry for spiritual affairs (= ministry of culture) is given in the address book.
- after 1945–1990 used by the Ministry of Public Education
Number 72 (old numbering)
It was part of the Wilhelmstrasse 68 / Behrenstrasse 71/72 complex.
- Built in 1891 for the Prussian Ministry of Culture as an extension,
- after 1945–1990 used by the Ministry of Public Education
Behrenstrasse 72-74
Was only set up after Behrenstrasse had been extended beyond Wilhelmstrasse to Ebertstrasse.
Number 72 (new numbering)
This number was apparently reassigned around 1995 for the back of the Hotel Adlon, the old number was across the street from Wilhelmstrasse.
- since 1996/97 back of the Hotel Adlon , with Felix Club restaurant (ground floor and basement) and China Club Berlin on several floors.
Number 73 Designed by the Canadian architect Frank Gehry in the style of deconstructivism . Construction phase from 1996 to 1999. Was only established after the extension of Behrenstrasse beyond Wilhelmstrasse to Ebertstrasse. Apartments (back of DZ Bank ), residence of Gerhard Schröder .
Number 74 Until 1945 and since 2004: Embassy of the United States .
Existing buildings and sights with different postal addresses
- Embassy of the Russian Federation with the Church of Saint Yadwiga
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe
- The Regent Berlin
- Hotel Adlon
- Saint Hedwig's Cathedral
- Bebelplatz
Web links
- Behrenstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
Individual evidence
- ↑ Course of Behrenstrasse and residents . In: Karl Neander von Petersheiden: Illustrative tables , 1799, p. 5.
- ↑ Horst Fritzsche: Signposts to Berlin's street names, center. Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-89542-073-5 , p. 71.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Institute for Monument Preservation (ed.): The architectural and art monuments of the GDR. Capital Berlin-II . Henschelverlag, Berlin 1984, p. 192 ff .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k House numbers on Behrenstrasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1875, part 2, p. 30.
- ↑ a b c d e f Behrenstrasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1920, part 3, p. 54.
- ↑ a b Behrenstrasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, part 4, p. 67.
- ↑ The Soviet leader is no longer on the watch . In: Der Tagesspiegel . February 14, 2011.
- ↑ a b Behrenstrasse . In: Address book for Berlin and its suburbs , 1900, part 3, p. 41.
- ^ Building of the Norddeutsche Grundcreditbank in Berlin, Behrenstrasse 7a (PDF). In: Journal of Construction . 1875, pp. 127/128.
- ^ Rudolf Fitzner: German Colonial Handbook: Supplementary Volume. Vero Verlag, 2014, ISBN 3-7372-0218-4 , p. 111.
- ↑ Monument Behrenstrasse 9–13
- ↑ Behrenstrasse 14-16 monument
- ↑ a b c d Behrenstrasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1910, part 3, p. 53.
- ↑ RTL is moving to Behrenstrasse. In: Berliner Zeitung . July 8, 2014, p. 15.
- ↑ Postcard
- ↑ Postcard
- ↑ stadtbild-deutschland.org
- ↑ Architectural monument Behrenstrasse 21/22
- ↑ 1882 Behrenstrasse 24 - Bierhaus Siechen, from North / West (Behrenstrasse 53/52) ( Memento from July 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ), Berlin Historical Images, accessed July 10, 2015.
- ↑ Architectural monument Behrenstrasse 25/26 with Friedrichstrasse 165
- ↑ Monument Behrenstraße 32–33
- ↑ Monument Behrenstrasse 35
- ↑ Monument Behrenstraße 36–39
- ↑ a b c d e f Behrenstrasse . In: CF Wegener: House and General Address Book of the Royal. Capital and residence city Berlin , 1822, part 3, p. 35.
- ↑ Architectural monument Behrenstrasse 40
- ↑ Monument Behrenstrasse 42
- ↑ Humboldt Carré
- ^ Bonn Contributions to Art History , New Series, Volume 7. Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2012, ISBN 978-3-412-20460-0 .
- ↑ Monument Behrenstrasse 46
- ^ M. Creutz: The new building "House Trarbach" . In: Berliner Architekturwelt . Issue 2, August 1906, p. 61-76 ( Textarchiv - Internet Archive ).
- ^ Albrecht von Graefes merits in modern ophthalmology, from his works presented by J. Jacobson, Berlin
- ^ Announcements of the Association for the History of Berlin (PDF) Issue 1, January 1992. Herbert May: Robert Warschauer (1860-1918), a Berlin private banker. Pp. 107-108.
- ↑ Warsaw, Rob. In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1879, part 1, p. 987. “Geh. Commerzienrat, Banquier, W Behrenstr. 48 ".
- ↑ All residents of Behrenstrasse sorted by house number . In: General housing indicator for Berlin, Charlottenburg and its surroundings , 1850, part 2, p. 10.
- ↑ dm-aktie.de ( Memento from February 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ R. Oppenheim & Son . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1874, part 1, p. 600. “Behrenstrasse 54”.
- ^ "For information" Metropol-Palast Berlin , information of the Metropol Palast Gesellschaft with illustrations
- ↑ Monument Behrenstrasse 54–57
- ↑ Nicolai, Otto . In: General housing gazette for Berlin, Charlottenburg and surroundings , 1849, p. 338. “Behrenstrasse 56”.
- ↑ a b Werner Liersch: Poet's place: a literary travel guide. Rudolstadt 1985, p. 13.
- ↑ Plan from 1797
- ↑ Monument Behrenstrasse 64
- ↑ Behrenstrasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1940, part 4, p. 53.
- ↑ General housing gazette for Berlin, Charlottenburg and the surrounding area, to the year 1844 . 1844, p. 336 ( books.google.de ).
- ^ Rudolf Borch: To the Berlin apartments. In: Yearbook of the Schopenhauer Society. Volume 29. 1942, p. 231ff.
- ↑ Ludger Lütkehaus: The book as will and idea. Schopenhauer's letters to Friedrich Arnold Brockhaus. 1996, pp. 44, 47 ( books.google.de 1828 and 1829 as postal addresses).
- ^ Edmund Husserl, Elisabeth Schuhmann: Correspondence. Institutional letters. CH Beck, Munich 1996, pp. 101 and 103, 1901 and 1902 as postal address
- ^ Wolfgang Neugebauer: The Prussian Ministry of Culture. Volume 1: Authorities and. Berlin 2010, p. 159 ( books.google.de )
- ↑ Monument Wilhelmstrasse 60 at the corner of Behrenstrasse
- ^ Wolfgang Neugebauer: The Prussian Ministry of Culture. Volume 1: Authorities and. Berlin 2010, pp. 155–161 ( books.google.de on the complex Behrenstrasse 70/72 and its creation).
- ↑ Vera Kämper: Schröder's new home is crumbling. In: Der Spiegel . Online, December 1, 2005 ( spiegel.de ).
Coordinates: 52 ° 30 ′ 55.6 ″ N , 13 ° 23 ′ 9.9 ″ E