Tyne (England)
| River Tyne | ||
 The Gateshead Millennium Bridge and the Tyne Bridge for motorized vehicles in Newcastle upon Tyne |
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| Data | ||
| location | North East England | |
| River system | Tyne | |
| River basin district | Northumbria | |
| origin | The confluence of the South Tyne and North Tyne rivers at Hexham 54 ° 59 ′ 20 ″ N , 2 ° 7 ′ 49 ″ W. |
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| muzzle | at Tynemouth in the North Sea Coordinates: 55 ° 0 '43 " N , 1 ° 24' 57" W 55 ° 0 '43 " N , 1 ° 24' 57" W |
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| Mouth height |
0 m
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| length | 100 km | |
| Left tributaries | Derwent | |
| Big cities | Newcastle upon Tyne | |
 The Tyne Bridge between Newcastle and Gateshead |
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The River Tyne is a river in northern England . It is created by the confluence ("Waters' Meet") of its two headwaters, North Tyne and South Tyne, at Warden Rock near Hexham , Northumberland .
River course
The North Tyne rises on the Scottish border, from where it flows through the reservoir Kielder Water without crossing a significant settlement to Hexham.
The South Tyne has its source in Alston Moor , Cumbria and flows through the towns of Haltwhistle and Haydon Bridge in a valley often called the Tyne Gap . The Hadrian's Wall is just north of the Tyne Gap. The source of the South Tyne is not far from the sources of the Tees and the Wear , two other great rivers of the industrial northeast.
After the confluence, the Tyne flows through Corbridge in Northumberland. Between Clara Vale (south bank) and Tyne Riverside Country Park (north bank) it crosses the border to County Tyne and Wear , from where it separates Newcastle upon Tyne and the city of Gateshead over a length of 21 kilometers, on which it is spanned by ten bridges . To the east of Gateshead and Newcastle, the Hebburn and Jarrow rivers separate on the south bank from Wallsend and North Shields. Jarrow and North Shields are linked under the river by the Tyne Tunnel . Ultimately, the Tyne flows into the North Sea between South Shields and Tynemouth . On the section on which it crosses the Tyneside metropolitan area, the river marks the historic border between County Durham in the south and Northumberland.
The Tyne, with its shallows and easily accessible coal deposits, was an important route for coal exports from the 13th century to the decline of the coalfields of north-east England in the second half of the 20th century; the goods were shipped in Dunston and the Tyne docks. At Dunston, Gateshead, wooden coal loading docks ( staithes ) from 1890 have been preserved, although they were partially damaged by fire.
The lower reaches of the Tyne were one of the most important shipbuilding centers in the world in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. There are still important shipyards in Wallsend and Hebburn .
To support the Tyneside's shipbuilding and export industries , the downstream sections were extensively redesigned in the second half of the 19th century, with islands removed and meanders straightened in the river.
There is a charity to promote and protect the waters of the Tyne and the surrounding areas. The Tyne Rivers Trust , founded in 2004, is a community-based organization that works to a) improve the habitat b) develop a better understanding of the Tyne area c) develop the reputation of the Tyne area as a place of ecological goodness.
Origins
Little is known about the origin of the name "Tyne". The name first appeared in the Anglo-Saxon period: Tynemouth is rendered in Anglo-Saxon as Tinanmuðe (probably in the dative). There is a theory that Tīn could have meant "river" in a local Celtic or pre-Celtic language.
The Vedra on the Geographike Hyphegesis could be the Tyne or the Wear. Thomas John Taylor suggested that the main course of the river may have flowed through what is now Team Valley earlier . There is evidence that the Wear followed the River Team's route today before the last Ice Age and merged with the Tyne at Dunston . Ice would then have changed the course of the Wear to its current shape, which leads it from Washington (practically parallel to the course of the Tyne) east to the North Sea estuary at Sunderland .
Trivia
Lindisfarne with “Fog on the Tyne” in 1971 and the singer Jimmy Nail with his song “Big River” in 1995 created a musical monument to the river. At the engine manufacturer Rolls-Royce it was common to name designs after English rivers, such as the Rolls-Royce Tyne , which was or is used as Mk. 21 and Mk. 22 in the aircraft types Breguet Atlantic and Transall C-160 .
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Coal heritage goes up in flames , bbc.co.uk. November 20, 2003. Retrieved August 25, 2008. "The staithes are much more than just a pile of wood in the Tyne, they are wonderful structures and very important to the region's industrial heritage."
- ^ Tyne Rivers Trust . In: Charity . tynerivertrust.org. 2008. Retrieved August 25, 2008: “The Tyne Rivers Trust is an independent charity established to help manage and improve the natural environment in the Tyne area. The Trust aims to achieve this through the following actions: Habitat improvements; Obtaining better information and promoting better understanding; National and international improvement of the reputation of the Tyne area and the Tyne Rivers Trust "