List of Saturn's moons
The following table contains the most important data of the 82 natural satellites of Saturn known so far .
New discoveries carry a provisional numerical code until their orbits are known with sufficient accuracy for predicting orbital positions; Then they receive a consecutive Roman number from the International Astronomical Union and, according to tradition, after agreement, they also get a name from classical mythology confirmed. Until the end of the 19th century, the numbers were assigned according to the increasing size of the orbits.
Due to the improved observation possibilities, both from space probes and from Earth, the total number of observed moons increased annually from 2003 to 2009, although the newly discovered moons only have radii of a few kilometers.
Not included in the list is the supposed Saturn moon Themis , the discovery of which William H. Pickering announced in 1905, but which was never seen again and is considered non-existent. Also not included are the three still questionable satellites S / 2004 S 3, S / 2004 S 4 and S / 2004 S 6, which may have been observed between Prometheus and Pandora close to Saturn's F-ring.
The most important dates of the moons of Saturn
Legend for the following table
No. | Final number of the moon |
Surname | Proper name |
preliminary reference | Provisional designation |
a | Major semi-axis in km |
e | Numerical eccentricity |
i | Orbit inclination in degrees |
T | Orbital period in days |
D. | (Mean) diameter in km |
M. | Mass in kg |
discovered | first reliable proof |
<10 km |
10-30 km |
31-100 km |
101-300 km |
301-1000 km |
1001-2000 km |
> 2000 km |
table
No. | Surname | preliminary reference | a | e | i | T | D. | M. | discovered |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
I. | Mimas | 185,539 | 0.020 | 1.574 | 0.94 | 397 | 3.75e19th | 17 Sep 1789 | |
II | Enceladus | 238.042 | 0.000 | 0.003 | 1.37 | 499 | 1.08e20th | 28 Aug 1789 | |
III | Tethys | 294,672 | 0.000 | 1.091 | 1.89 | 1060 | 6th.18the20th | March 21, 1684 | |
IV | Dione | 377.415 | 0.002 | 0.028 | 2.74 | 1118 | 1.096e21st | March 21, 1684 | |
V | Rhea | 527.068 | 0.000 | 0.333 | 4,518 | 1528 | 2.3e21st | Dec 23, 1672 | |
VI | titanium | 1,221,865 | 0.029 | 0.306 | 15.95 | 5150 | 1.3e23 | March 25, 1655 | |
VII | Hyperion | 1,500,933 | 0.1 | 0.615 | 21.28 | 266 | 5.7the18th | 16 Sep 1848 | |
VIII | Iapetus | 3,560,854 | 0.029 | 8.298 | 79.33 | 1436 | 2.0e21st | Oct 25, 1671 | |
IX | Phoebe | 12,944,300 | 0.164 | 174.8 | 548.2 | 240 | 8th.3e18th | 1899 | |
X | Janus | S / 1980 S 1 | 151,500 | 0.007 | 0.165 | 0.70 | 178 | 1.9e18th | Dec 15, 1966 |
XI | Epimetheus | S / 1980 S 3 | 151,400 | 0.021 | 0.335 | 0.69 | 119 | 5.3e17th | Dec 18, 1980 |
XII | Helene | S / 1980 S 6 | 377,440 | 0.000 | 0.213 | 2.74 | 32 | 1.1e16 | March 1, 1980 |
XIII | Telesto | S / 1980 S 13 | 294,720 | 0.001 | 1.118 | 1.89 | 24 | 4th.05e15th | Apr 8, 1980 |
XIV | Calypso | S / 1980 S 25 | 294,720 | 0.001 | 1,500 | 1.89 | 19th | 2.55e15th | Aug 13, 1980 |
XV | Atlas | S / 1980 S 28 | 137,700 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.602 | 32 | 6th.6the15th | Nov 12, 1980 |
XVI | Prometheus | S / 1980 S 27 | 139,400 | 0.002 | 0.000 | 0.613 | 100 | 1.6the17th | Oct 1980 |
XVII | Pandora | S / 1980 S 26 | 141,700 | 0.004 | 0.000 | 0.629 | 84 | 1.4the17th | Oct 1980 |
XVIII | Pan | S / 1981 S 13 | 133,600 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.575 | 20th | 4th.9e15th | July 16, 1990 |
XIX | Ymir | S / 2000 S 1 | 23,040,000 | 0.335 | 173.1 | 1315.4 | 18th | 4th.9e15th | Aug 7, 2000 |
XX | Paaliaq | S / 2000 S 2 | 15,200,000 | 0.364 | 45.1 | 686.9 | 22nd | 8th.2e15th | Aug 7, 2000 |
XXI | Tarvos | S / 2000 S 4 | 17,983,000 | 0.531 | 33.82 | 926.2 | 15th | 2.7the15th | Oct 25, 2000 |
XXII | Ijiraq | S / 2000 S 6 | 11,124,000 | 0.316 | 46.44 | 451.4 | 12 | 1.2e15th | Nov 18, 2000 |
XXIII | Suttungr | S / 2000 S 12 | 19,459,000 | 0.114 | 175.8 | 1016.7 | 7th | 2.1e14th | Dec 7, 2000 |
XXIV | Kiviuq | S / 2000 S 5 | 11,111,000 | 0.334 | 45.7 | 449.2 | 16 | 3.3e16 | Aug 7, 2000 |
XXV | Mundilfari | S / 2000 S 9 | 18,685,000 | 0.210 | 167.3 | 952.6 | 7th | 2.1e14th | Dec 7, 2000 |
XXVI | Albiorix | S / 2000 S 11 | 16,182,000 | 0.478 | 33.98 | 783.5 | 32 | 2.1e16 | Dec. 19, 2000 |
XXVII | Skathi | S / 2000 S 8 | 15,541,000 | 0.270 | 152.6 | 728.2 | 8th | 3.1e14th | Dec 7, 2000 |
XXVIII | Erriapus | S / 2000 S 10 | 17,343,000 | 0.474 | 34.62 | 871.2 | 10 | 7th.6the14th | Dec 7, 2000 |
XXIX | Siarnaq | S / 2000 S 3 | 17,531,000 | 0.295 | 45.56 | 895.6 | 40 | 3.9e16 | Oct 25, 2000 |
XXX | Thrymr | S / 2000 S 7 | 20,474,000 | 0.470 | 176.0 | 1094.3 | 7th | 2.1e14th | Dec 7, 2000 |
XXXI | Narvi | S / 2003 S 1 | 19,007,000 | 0.431 | 145.8 | 1003.9 | 7th | 3.4the14th | Apr 8, 2003 |
XXXII | Methone | S / 2004 S 1 | 194,000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.01 | 3 | 1.5e13 | Aug 16, 2004 |
XXXIII | Pallene | S / 2004 S 2 | 211,000 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 1.14 | 4th | 3.5e13 | Aug 16, 2004 |
XXXIV | Polydeuces | S / 2004 S 5 | 377.220 | 0.019 | 0.175 | 2.74 | 4th | 3.0e13 | Oct 21, 2004 |
XXXV | Daphnis | S / 2005 S 1 | 136,500 | 0.000 | 0.000 | 0.594 | 7th | 1.5e14th | May 6, 2005 |
XXXVI | Aegir | S / 2004 S 10 | 20,735,000 | 0.252 | 166.7 | 1116.5 | 6th | Dec 12, 2004 | |
XXXVII | Bebhionn | S / 2004 S 11 | 17,119,000 | 0.469 | 35.01 | 834.8 | 6th | Dec 12, 2004 | |
XXXVIII | Bergelmir | S / 2004 S 15 | 19,338,000 | 0.142 | 158.5 | 1005.9 | 6th | Dec 12, 2004 | |
XXXIX | Bestla | S / 2004 S 18 | 20,129,000 | 0.521 | 145.2 | 1083.6 | 7th | Dec 13, 2004 | |
XL | Color auti | S / 2004 S 9 | 20,390,000 | 0.206 | 156.4 | 1086.1 | 5 | Dec 12, 2004 | |
XLI | Fenrir | S / 2004 S 16 | 22,453,000 | 0.136 | 164.9 | 1260.3 | 4th | Dec 13, 2004 | |
XLII | Fornjot | S / 2004 S 8 | 25,108,000 | 0.206 | 170.4 | 1490.9 | 6th | Dec 12, 2004 | |
XLIII | Hati | S / 2004 S 14 | 19,856,000 | 0.372 | 165.8 | 1038.7 | 6th | Dec 12, 2004 | |
XLIV | Hyrrokkin | S / 2004 S 19 | 18,437,000 | 0.333 | 151.4 | 931.8 | 8th | Dec 13, 2004 | |
XLV | Kari | S / 2006 S 2 | 22,118,000 | 0.478 | 156.3 | 1233.6 | 7th | Jan. 4, 2006 | |
XLVI | Lodge | S / 2006 S 5 | 23,065,000 | 0.187 | 167.9 | 1312.0 | 6th | Jan. 5, 2006 | |
XLVII | Skoll | S / 2006 S 8 | 17,665,000 | 0.464 | 161.2 | 878.3 | 6th | Jan. 5, 2006 | |
XLVIII | Surtur | S / 2006 S 7 | 22,707,000 | 0.451 | 177.5 | 1297.7 | 6th | Jan. 5, 2006 | |
XLIX | Anthe | S / 2007 S 4 | 197,700 | 0.001 | 0.100 | 1.04 | 1 | May 30, 2007 | |
L. | Jarnsaxa | S / 2006 S 6 | 18,811,000 | 0.216 | 163.3 | 964.7 | 6th | Jan. 5, 2006 | |
LI | Greip | S / 2006 S 4 | 18,206,000 | 0.326 | 179.8 | 921.2 | 6th | Jan. 5, 2006 | |
LII | Tarqeq | S / 2007 S 1 | 18,009,000 | 0.160 | 46.09 | 887.5 | 7th | Apr 13, 2007 | |
LIII | Aegaeon | S / 2008 S 1 | 167,500 | 0.000 | 0.001 | 0.808 | 0.5 | Aug 15, 2008 | |
S / 2004 S 7 | 19,800,000 | 0.580 | 165.1 | 1103 | 6th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 12 | 19,650,000 | 0.401 | 164.0 | 1048 | 5 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 13 | 18,450,000 | 0.273 | 167.4 | 906 | 6th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 17 | 18,600,000 | 0.259 | 166.6 | 986 | 4th | Dec 13, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 20 | 19,211,000 | 0.204 | 163.1 | 990.23 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 21 | 23.810.400 | 0.312 | 154.6 | 1365.1 | 3 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 22 | 20,379,900 | 0.257 | 177.4 | 1080.4 | 3 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 23 | 21,427,000 | 0.399 | 177.7 | 1164.3 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 24 | 23.231.300 | 0.049 | 36.78 | 1317.6 | 3 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 25 | 20,544,500 | 0.457 | 173.3 | 1095.0 | 3 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 26 | 26,737,800 | 0.148 | 171.3 | 1624.2 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 27 | 19,776,700 | 0.120 | 167.1 | 1033.0 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 28 | 21,791,300 | 0.133 | 171.0 | 1197.2 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 29 | 17,470,700 | 0.472 | 44.43 | 858.77 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 30 | 20,424,000 | 0.113 | 156.3 | 1084.1 | 3 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 31 | 17,402,800 | 0.242 | 48.11 | 853.80 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 32 | 21,564,200 | 0.262 | 161.5 | 1175.3 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 33 | 23,764,800 | 0.417 | 161.5 | 1361.5 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 34 | 24,358,900 | 0.267 | 165.7 | 1412.5 | 3 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 35 | 21,953,200 | 0.182 | 176.4 | 1208.1 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 36 | 23,698,700 | 0.667 | 147.6 | 1354.2 | 3 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 37 | 16.003.300 | 0.506 | 164.0 | 752.88 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 38 | 23.006.200 | 0.381 | 155.0 | 1295.8 | 4th | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2004 S 39 | 22,790,400 | 0.081 | 167.6 | 1277.5 | 2 | Dec 12, 2004 | |||
S / 2006 S 1 | 18,735,600 | 0.080 | 155.2 | 953.70 | 5 | June 26, 2006 | |||
S / 2006 S 3 | 21,408,300 | 0.434 | 151.7 | 1164.3 | 6th | Jan. 5, 2006 | |||
S / 2007 S 2 | 15,850,000 | 0.275 | 176.6 | 742.08 | 4th | Jan. 18, 2007 | |||
S / 2007 S 3 | 20,518,500 | 0.130 | 177.2 | 1100 | 5 | Jan. 18, 2007 | |||
S / 2009 S 1 | 117,000 | 0.3 | July 26, 2009 |
An orbit inclination of more than 90 ° means that the satellite is orbiting Saturn retrograde. As a rule, moons move around the planet in the same direction of rotation as the planet rotates around its own axis.
diagram
The diagram shows the orbital half-axes of the outer moons of Saturn (abscesses, in million km) against their orbital inclination (ordinate, in degrees): The circle sizes do not show the relative lunar radii to the orbital elements. The horizontal lines represent the area between perihelion and aphelion of the respective lunar orbit.
See also
- Rings of Saturn
- List of moons of planets and dwarf planets
- List of discoveries of planets and their moons
Web links
- Current Cassini images of Saturn's moons a picture gallery of the field of planetology and remote sensing at the Free University of Berlin under the direction of Cassini team member Gerhard Neukum
- The book Voyager 1 and 2 Atlas of Six Saturnian Satellites (NASA-SP-474) at "NASA History Online"
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e Scott S. Sheppard : Saturn Moons. Retrieved March 24, 2020 .