Arbitration in Stuttgart 21

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The arbitration at Stuttgart 21 was an arbitration procedure in which the Stuttgart 21 project was discussed. Seven representatives from the project supporters and seven opponents each met in Stuttgart City Hall from the end of October to the end of November 2010 and in July 2011. Heiner Geißler moderated the sessions .

The arbitration procedure was initiated after ongoing protests against the project and a controversial police operation in the Stuttgart palace garden with hundreds of injuries, which hardened the fronts between project opponents and supporters. It has been called a “democratic experiment” because the exchange of views was held in public meetings and was broadcast on public television. Over nine days of meetings in November 2010, around 70 speakers made a good 9,900 speeches in around 65 hours of discussion.

On November 30, 2010, the moderator Geissler presented his compromise proposal “Stuttgart 21 plus”, in which he called for seven improvements to the project that had to be implemented. One of them was the stress test on the performance of the new central station. At the end of the public discussion of the results of the “stress test Stuttgart 21” on July 29, 2011, Geißler presented a compromise proposal drawn up by himself and SMA and partners under the name “Peace in Stuttgart”. This provides a combined solution of a 4-track through station and a 10 to 12-track terminus station . After an application by the action alliance against Stuttgart 21, the Stuttgart Administrative Court ruled on February 13, 2012 that the arbitrator's verdict is not legally binding.

Arbitration talks

Transparent of the working group of rural agriculture and the park guards

The arbitration process was initiated after a sustained protest against Stuttgart 21 and the escalated police operation on September 30, 2010 in the Stuttgart palace garden. The fronts between supporters and opponents of the rail project had hardened.

The Baden-Württemberg FDP suggested using an independent mediator. The Greens in the Baden-Württemberg state parliament brought up the former CDU General Secretary Heiner Geißler as a possible mediator , who was also proposed by Prime Minister Stefan Mappus in a government statement.

When the discussion about a possible arbitration procedure began, there were demands and disagreements about a construction freeze. The Environment and Transport Minister of Baden-Württemberg, Tanja Gönner , announced on October 4, 2010 that the demolition work for the south wing of the main train station would be postponed, but refused to completely freeze construction. Their announcement met with criticism from representatives of the Greens , as the demolition of the south wing was not planned before 2012 anyway. On October 7, 2010, Geißler announced a construction and award freeze during the talks, which Mappus later denied.

On October 15, 2010, a first discussion between representatives of project supporters and opponents took place under the direction of Heiner Geißler. Both sides agreed on a public continuation of the talks. The park guards then got out of the mediation because a complete construction freeze was not achieved. Similar to collective bargaining, there should be a peace obligation during arbitration . However, during the arbitration, the railway carried out "preparatory measures" and S21 opponents protested regularly.

On October 17th, the mediator Heiner Geißler criticized the decision-making process for Stuttgart 21 and described it in an interview as "Basta politics".

The arbitration discussions were referred to as "factual and technical arbitration" or "fact check" and thus differed from usual arbitration or collective bargaining. The meetings in Stuttgart City Hall began on October 22nd, 2010 and ended after eight scheduled meetings on November 30th with an arbitrator Geißler's verdict in favor of S 21, which, however, had to be improved taking into account various criticisms of the project opponents (see arbitrator's verdict ). The arbitration was broadcast live on television, radio and the Internet. Minutes of the arbitration were also published. Seven (sometimes changing) interviewers on each side discussed. The two parties were each supported by a number of experts (including geologists, railway operators, engineers, architects) who could be called upon by the arbitration participants to substantiate their arguments.

Attendees

Arbitrator :

Participating project proponents were:

Representation of the project advocates (selection):

  • Bernhard Bauer , Ministerial Director, Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Transport Baden-Württemberg
  • Ernst Pfister , Baden-Württemberg Minister for Economic Affairs

Participating project opponents were:

Representation of the project opponents (selection):

Events

date subjects
October 22, 2010 Strategic importance and traffic performance of the Stuttgart 21 railway junction
October 29, 2010 Traffic performance of the Stuttgart 21 railway junction
November 4, 2010 New Wendlingen-Ulm line
November 12, 2010 Terminal station 21
November 19, 2010 Ecology and urban development
November 20, 2010 Geology, safety and construction process
November 26, 2010 Cost and profitability calculation
November 27, 2010 Topics not covered and open questions
November 30, 2010 Closing session

Arbitrator

On November 30, 2010, Heiner Geißler announced his arbitration verdict in which he spoke out in favor of continuing the project as " Stuttgart 21 PLUS ", but called for improvements:

  • Investigation of performance and performance (" stress test ") - Using simulations of rail operations, it should be checked whether the planned underground station can handle 30% more train journeys with "good operational quality" at peak hours compared to the current terminal station. The results of the analysis carried out by Deutsche Bahn are to be checked by the Swiss office SMA und Partner . If the "stress test" shows that the railway system cannot provide a 30 percent increase in performance with good operational quality, these deficiencies should be eliminated by adding to the infrastructure.
  • Additional construction measures - If the operational simulation ("stress test") indicates a need, the following improvements are to be provided:
Extension of the underground station by a 9th and 10th track.
Two-track western connection of the airport loop
Two-track Wendlinger curve with no crossings
Connection of the existing long-distance tracks from Zuffenhausen to the new tunnel from Bad Cannstatt to the main train station.
All routes from the S 21 to Wendlingen are also equipped with conventional control and safety technology.
  • Traffic technology, operational concept in the event of operational disruptions - all routes to Wendlingen should also be equipped with conventional safety technology. An emergency plan must also be submitted in the event that the S-Bahn or Filder tunnel is closed.
  • Accessibility, security - in the interests of elderly and disabled people, passageways should be widened and the train station should be made accessible. Fire protection measures need to be improved.
  • Land becoming vacant - The land freed by the track dismantling will be transferred to a foundation and thus removed from speculation. A fresh air corridor for downtown Stuttgart must be maintained in the development, and the buildings should also be designed to be family- and child-friendly and be offered at affordable prices. An open park with large gravel areas is to be created on the new site for animal species currently living in the track bed.
  • Trees - The trees in the castle garden are preserved, only the trees that would die in the near future may be cut down. According to Geissler, all the others have to be replanted.
  • Gäubahn - The Gäubahn is to be retained in the Stuttgart city area and connected to the underground station via the Feuerbach station.

Heiner Geißler also spoke out in favor of more citizen participation:

“In my opinion, we need a strengthening of direct democracy in Germany. The Swiss model certainly cannot be transferred 1: 1 to Germany. But in order to prevent future developments like the S21, we should take over the participation procedure of Switzerland, at least for large projects […] As long as this is not possible in the federal and state governments, the Stuttgart model practiced here offers itself as a prototype (institutionalized citizen participation at eye level). "

public perception

With the live broadcast of the arbitration, the television broadcaster Phoenix achieved its second highest audience rating to date (2.9%).

As a so-called democracy experiment, the arbitration talks provided material for discussion, especially with regard to a possible stronger citizen participation in future political decisions. Switzerland, with its methods of direct democracy , was often used for a comparison .

The style of the arbitrator attracted public attention: The German press agency reported that Geissler had made the arbitration talks informative and entertaining with quick-wittedness, humor and rigor. The Saarbrücker Zeitung spoke of a "Heiner Geissler Show" and thus emphasized an alleged talent of the arbitrator for entertaining self-presentation, various media published collections of quotations from his "best sayings". The Süddeutsche Zeitung praised his negotiating skills, his knowledge of human nature and his intelligence, but commented critically on Geißler after the arbitration, according to which, although his charisma enabled the parties to deal peacefully with one another, he was not courageous enough in his arbitration verdict, and sometimes even acted contrary to his own claims; the arbitration itself had fundamental shortcomings.

At the end of November, Heiner Geißler, Andreas Zielcke (Süddeutsche Zeitung) and Arno Luik ( Stern ) were awarded the lighthouse for special journalistic achievements by the journalists' association Netzwerk Recherche for their analyzes on Stuttgart 21 .

At the end of the arbitration and shortly afterwards, the situation in the opinion polls turned , and the proportion of supporters rose. However, the protests against Stuttgart 21 continued even after the arbitrator's verdict. During its announcement on the upper floor of the Stuttgart City Hall, demonstrators on the ground floor were loudly speaking with slogans and whistles. According to the police, 16,000 people gathered on December 11, and according to the organizers more than 50,000 people, at the last major demonstration against Stuttgart 21 in 2010.

Stress test

Results of the railway operation simulation

In the arbitrator's verdict, Deutsche Bahn AG was obliged to carry out a stress test for the planned Stuttgart 21 rail node using a rail operation simulation. In detail, it was agreed: “You must provide evidence that a timetable with 30% increase in performance in the peak hour is possible with good operating quality. Recognized standards of rail traffic for train sequences, stopping times and travel times must be applied. A functioning emergency plan must also be presented in the event that the S-Bahn tunnel or the Filder tunnel is closed. ”The work was carried out by Deutsche Bahn AG and accompanied by an audit by SMA and Partner AG . According to its own information, SMA supervised:

  • Module 1: Conception of the timetable to be simulated.
  • Module 2: Technical support / monitoring of the simulation. The actual simulation is carried out by DB Netz AG.
  • Module 3: Assessment and certification of the stress test.

They also carried out a detailed travel time analysis in order to compare today's timetable with the one to be simulated. The basis was the timetable for the 2020 offer concept agreed between the state and Deutsche Bahn AG .

The results of the work of Deutsche Bahn AG were presented on June 30, 2011 under the title “Timetable robustness test” as a presentation with 150 slides for the three subject areas: basics, subject of investigation with stress test timetable and infrastructure as well as documentation of the operating simulation.

The results of the SMA audit were presented on July 21, 2011. A public televised presentation and discussion of the results, moderated by Heiner Geißler, took place on July 29, 2011.

The test procedure was carried out by sma and partners in 3 stages and documented in detail in the relevant profiles :

  1. Check the infrastructure data recorded in the simulation model with regard to location and function (Annexes IN-01 to IN-07 source)
  2. Check all schedule elements (Annexes FP-01 to FP-12)
  3. Checking the simulation methodology, the process and the results (Annexes SI-01 to SI-08)

The first two steps are tests of the initial situation and create the basis for assessing the results presented in the third step. As a result, sma and partners found that “the required 49 arrivals at Stuttgart Central Station in the busiest hour and with the timetable based on the simulation can be handled with an economically optimal operating quality”. (Source p. 7) Express reference is made to the different terms "good quality" in the arbitrator's ruling and the four groups of the railway regulations (guideline 405 "Premium, economically optimal, risky and poor"). The simulation results obtained were assigned to the second group on the basis of this set of rules. There was a slight build-up of delays on the incoming and outgoing routes, which could be reduced by the planned travel time reserves in the main train station.

The five infrastructure measures named in Heiner Geißler's arbitrator were assessed on the basis of the simulation results. According to this, equipping all new routes with conventional control and safety technology is just as necessary as the double-track western connection of the airport and the double-track, intersection-free connection of the route from Tübingen ("Große Wendlinger curve") with the required three trains per hour. In contrast, the construction of a 9th and 10th track in Stuttgart Central Station is not considered necessary; The connection from Zuffenhausen to the Bad Cannstatt tunnel can also be dispensed with.

The experts are critical of the S-Bahn operation, in which the original 30-second holding time was increased to 48 seconds:

As part of a sensitivity analysis, the scheduled stopping time of the S-Bahn in the main train station was increased from 30 to 48 seconds. According to the auditor, this leads to a doubling of the average delay per train. Even with this sensitivity analysis, there would be ambiguities with regard to the S-Bahn. The reaction of the S-Bahn in the simulation appears optimistic.

The auditor points out minor discrepancies and the need for optimization in the timetable, especially in the case of regional connections, which should be processed and published in a further simulation run. These results were presented at the end of September 2011.

In principle, the results of the previous audit are confirmed "... the required 49 arrivals at Stuttgart Central Station (can) be handled in the busiest hour and with the timetable based on the simulation with an economically optimal operating quality." To expand the Wendlinger curve for 3 moves in the peak hour, the reviewers suggest a more detailed cost-benefit analysis.

To assess the quality of the S-Bahn, they state:

“As agreed, the S-Bahn - although it runs in the simulation - is not evaluated separately. The reason for this is a dissent between the transport authorities regarding the line and timetable concept to be assumed. As soon as there is agreement, the operational quality of the S-Bahn can be checked with the simulation model now available. "

- SMA review of the final simulation run, 2011, p. 4
Identification data for
"Stuttgart 21" and "Kombibahnhof SK 2.2"
"Stuttgart 21" "Combined
station SK 2.2"
Platforms deep / hall 4 / - 2/5 to 6
Switches in the underground station 46 20th
Single track tunnel (approx. Km) 48 26th
Two-track tunnel (approx. Km) 5 1
Underground station width total. (m) 81 51
Underground station length total (m) 1,350 1,000
Investment
costs estimate by the authors
(billion euros) 		4.1 2.5 to 3.0

Criticism of the stress test

S21 opponents criticized the stress test for the fact that Deutsche Bahn had not adhered to its own specifications and that delays were insufficiently taken into account in the simulation. For example, only train delays of up to five minutes are simulated instead of up to 20 minutes, as should have been carried out according to Deutsche Bahn's own guidelines.

On the Internet platform WikiReal , the stress test is criticized with regard to the basic requirements, performance and operational quality. Accordingly, the definitions for an "economically optimal operational quality" should have been changed. Furthermore, the timetable is not a real stressful situation, such as B. Emergencies. WikiReal comes to the conclusion that the underground station can only handle 32 to 38 trains in peak hours. This would mean dismantling the Stuttgart railway junction . In addition, the maximum capacity of the terminal station was not simulated, which comes to 49 trains in the peak hour. With this argument, WikiReal launched a referendum at the end of October 2013 in Stuttgart. It bears the title "Exit of the City of Stuttgart from S21 due to the reduction in performance through the project". According to this, the city of Stuttgart is to withdraw from the project, since the business basis of the project contracts no longer applies, as Stuttgart 21 has a lower efficiency than the existing rail hub.

In March 2012, allegations became known that the software used for the stress test was faulty and that it had thus determined a higher performance than realistic.

Combined solution proposal

At the end of the public discussion of the results of the “stress test Stuttgart 21” on July 29, 2011, Heiner Geißler and SMA & Partner AG presented a compromise proposal called “Peace in Stuttgart”. The basic idea of ​​this solution is as a combined station (hence SK 2.2 for short ) for the new Stuttgart main station, separating high-speed traffic from local traffic and making extensive use of the existing infrastructure. The express traffic should be handled in a new, reduced underground station separately from local traffic, which uses the reduced terminal station and part of the existing track systems. A similar solution was implemented in Zurich's main train station .

The state government announced that it would examine the proposal, the railway reacted "skeptically". Federal Transport Minister Peter Ramsauer pointed out that the proposal was " rejected many years ago ".

The state government of Baden-Württemberg ( Cabinet Kretschmann I : green-red coalition) submitted a joint assessment in October 2011, with partly different assessments by the coalition partners.

Legally binding effect

Heiner Geißler already formulated the mediator's sentence: "It was clear that no legal bond could arise from this, but that it had a psychological and political effect." In February 2012, S21 opponents tried to prevent tree felling in the castle garden, among other things by they insisted on the arbitration agreements. Hannes Rockenbauch and Gangolf Stocker from the action alliance against Stuttgart 21 submitted an urgent application to the administrative court in Stuttgart . Heiner Geissler also recalled the arbitrator's verdict. The Stuttgart Administrative Court ruled on February 13, 2012 that the arbitrator's verdict is not legally binding.

Implementation of the arbitrator's verdict

In a panel discussion entitled "Five years later - The arbitration at Stuttgart 21", Klaus Arnoldi pointed out to Heiner Geißler that his demands were unrealistic and that none of them had been implemented. Arnoldi took part in the arbitration talks for the VCD . On the other hand, the SWR comes to the conclusion in an article that individual requirements have been at least partially implemented.

Web links

  • schlichtung-s21.de Official homepage of the arbitration Stuttgart 21 with minutes, materials and TV recordings.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Mappus' Stuttgart 21 declaration: Schwätza, schwätza, Bahnhof baua. Spiegel Online, October 6, 2010, accessed November 23, 2013 .
  2. ^ A b Stuttgart 21: Geissler wants to break through hardened fronts. Hannoversche Allgemeine, October 12, 2010, accessed on November 19, 2013 .
  3. ^ Controversy over Stuttgart 21: Arbitrators try their hand at live democracy. Spiegel Online, October 22, 2010, accessed August 31, 2013 .
  4. ^ Christian Milankovic: S-21 arbitration as an object of science . In: Stuttgarter Zeitung . No. 42 , February 20, 2016, p. 25 ( online ).
  5. ↑ a b c d e Dr. Heiner Geißler: Arbitration Stuttgart 21 PLUS. (PDF, 82 kB) November 30, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  6. ↑ a b c Dr. Heiner Geißler and SMA und Partner AG: Peace in Stuttgart. A compromise solution to pacify the dispute over Stuttgart 21. (PDF, 2.2 MB) July 29, 2011, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  7. ↑ a b press release: Urgent motion by two members of the action alliance against Stuttgart 21 against tree felling remains unsuccessful. Administrative Court of Stuttgart, February 13, 2012, accessed on November 19, 2013 .
  8. ↑ Government stops demolition of the south wing of the station. Spiegel Online, October 4, 2010, accessed August 31, 2013 .
  9. ↑ Mappus suggests Geissler as a mediator. Spiegel Online, October 6, 2010, accessed August 31, 2013 .
  10. ↑ Bahn boss rigorously rejects construction freeze. The West, October 11, 2010, accessed August 31, 2013 .
  11. ↑ Allegedly cheating about the demolition of the south wing. WELT Online, October 13, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  12. ↑ Geissler snubs Mappus: There is no construction freeze. n-tv, October 7, 2010, accessed August 31, 2013 .
  13. ↑ Breakthrough: The arbitration continues. Stuttgarter Zeitung, October 15, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  14. ↑ Park guards do not take part in discussions to clarify the facts. Blog At Demolition Uprising , October 15, 2010, accessed November 19, 2013 .
  15. ↑ Heiner Geissler's hardest job. Stern, October 29, 2010, accessed November 19, 2013 .
  16. ↑ Geissler: The time of the Basta politics is over. N24, October 17, 2010, accessed August 31, 2013 .
  17. ↑ The “fact check” is not fulfilled. Stuttgarter Zeitung, November 9, 2010, accessed on November 19, 2013 .
  18. ↑ Notes of the arbitration. (No longer available online.) Wikiwam.de, archived from the original on January 22, 2018 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / stuttgart21.wikiwam.de
  19. ↑ Topic page on arbitration. (No longer available online.) Phoenix.de, archived from the original on August 25, 2013 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.phoenix.de
  20. ↑ Participants in the arbitration proceedings. www.schlichtung-s21.de, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  21. ^ Arbitration Stuttgart 21: The second. stuttgart.de, October 29, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  22. ↑ Dates of the arbitration. www.schlichtung-s21.de, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  23. ↑ Stuttgart 21: PHOENIX also broadcasts second round of negotiations LIVE. (No longer available online.) Phoenix.de, archived from the original on March 3, 2016 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.phoenix.de
  24. ↑ Geissler shines with "Democracy Experiment". Sächsische Zeitung Online, November 30, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  25. ↑ The Heiner Geissler Show. www.saarbruecker-zeitung.de, November 30, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  26. ↑ z. B .: Sayings from the conciliator Heiner Geissler. Mittelbayerische Zeitung, November 30, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  27. ↑ Best of Heiner Geissler. YouTube channel of the Phoenix TV station, November 25, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  28. ↑ Triumph of Age. Süddeutsche Zeitung Online, October 14, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  29. ↑ Heiner Geissler - little guts. Süddeutsche Zeitung Online, December 3, 2010, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  30. ↑ netzwerk recherche awards "Lighthouse for Special Journalistic Achievements" to Heiner Geißler, Andreas Zielcke and Arno Luik for their explanatory analyzes on "Stuttgart 21". (No longer available online.) Netzwerk Recherche, November 19, 2010, archived from the original on August 22, 2013 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.netzwerkrecherche.de
  31. ↑ The arbitrator has spoken. Stuttgarter Zeitung, November 30, 2010, accessed on January 7, 2015 .
  32. ↑ Large demonstration in the city center. Stuttgarter Zeitung, December 12, 2010, accessed on January 7, 2015 .
  33. ↑ a b Audit for the operational quality review Stuttgart 21. (PDF, 3.4 MB) SMA und Partner AG, July 21, 2011, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  34. ↑ Stress test Stuttgart 21 - Timetable robustness test, Part 1. (PDF, 7.1 MB) (No longer available online.) DB Netz AG, June 30, 2011, archived from the original on January 31, 2012 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dl.dropbox.com
  35. ↑ Stress test Stuttgart 21 - Timetable robustness test, Part 2. (PDF, 6.5 MB) (No longer available online.) DB Netz AG, June 30, 2011, archived from the original on January 31, 2012 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dl.dropbox.com
  36. ↑ Stress test Stuttgart 21 - Timetable robustness test, Part 3. (PDF, 328 kB) (No longer available online.) DB Netz AG, June 30, 2011, archived from the original on January 31, 2012 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / dl.dropbox.com
  37. ↑ Report on the station renovation: Stuttgart 21 passes the stress test. Spiegel Online, July 21, 2011, accessed August 31, 2013 .
  38. ↑ presentation of the stress tests at 29.07 in the Stuttgart City Hall. www.schlichtung-s21.de, July 29, 2011, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  39. ↑ Audit for the operational quality review Stuttgart 21 - final report. (PDF, 3.4 MB) SMA and Partner AG, July 21, 2011, p. 199 , archived from the original on April 1, 2013 ; accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  40. ↑ a b Audit of the operational quality review Stuttgart 21 - review of the final simulation run. (PDF; 51 kB) SMA and Partner AG, September 30, 2011, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  41. ↑ Policy violations in the stress test. ZDF Frontal 21, November 22, 2011, accessed on November 19, 2013 .
  42. ^ Stuttgart 21 / stress test. WikiReal.org, accessed December 30, 2013 .
  43. ↑ Scientists accuse Bahn of trickery. Stuttgarter Zeitung, November 18, 2011, accessed December 30, 2013 .
  44. ↑ Exit of the city of Stuttgart from S21 due to the reduction in performance through the project. WikiReal.org, October 2013, accessed December 29, 2013 .
  45. ↑ Error in the stress test software “Railsys” used at Stuttgart 21. Zughalt.de, March 1, 2012, accessed November 19, 2013 .
  46. ^ Software error Stuttgart 21st SWR Landesschau, April 23, 2013, accessed on November 19, 2013 .
  47. ↑ Ramsauer rejects the station wagon station. Stuttgarter Zeitung, July 30, 2011, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  48. ↑ State government of Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Evaluation of the combination solution by Dr. Heiner Geißler / SMA and partners through the state government . Stuttgart, October 2011 ( PDF file , 120 kB).
  49. ↑ Stuttgart 21: Alliance takes action against tree felling work. Reutlinger Generalanzeiger, February 7, 2012, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  50. ↑ Geissler reminds the railway of its promise. Frankfurter Rundschau, February 12, 2012, accessed on August 31, 2013 .
  51. ↑ Jürgen Lessat: Everything as usual. In: Context: weekly newspaper , January 20, 2016, accessed online on February 7, 2016 .
  52. ↑ 5 YEARS AFTER - The arbitration for S21 recording, corresponding passage from 1:08:24
  53. ↑ Five years of S21 arbitration - What did the arbitration bring? SWR Landesschau, November 30, 2015, accessed on May 21, 2016 .