Schlomo Friedrich Rülf

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Salomon "Schlomo" Friedrich Rülf (born May 13, 1896 in Braunschweig ; died August 13, 1976 in Vevey ) was a German-Israeli rabbi and writer who, after emigrating to Palestine, worked as a teacher and headmaster in Israel .

origin

Schlomo Friedrich Rülf came from a widely ramified Sephardic rabbi family in Germany. After the expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula (1492), the ancestors came to the former imperial village of Rauischholzhausen near Marburg and, during the Napoleonic period, took over the family name after the “Rülfbach” neighboring their house. They were registered as arable citizens and did agriculture and cattle trade until the first sons of the family left the village in the 19th century to find their way to an academic career via Marburg . Among the studied representatives of the name Rülf was Schlomo's father Gutmann Rülf , regional rabbi of the Duchy of Braunschweig , his cousin Isaak Rülf (1831-1902), regional rabbi in Memel and publicist, as well as the brother of the former, Moses Rülf (1855-1934), religious teacher and Community secretary in Nuremberg .

Rabbi in Germany

Schlomo Rülf grew up in Braunschweig. After graduating from high school in 1914, he studied at the Jewish-theological rabbinical seminar of the Fränckel'schen Foundation in Breslau and philosophy at the University of Breslau . Richard Hönigswald , Eugen Kühnemann and especially Julius Guttmann were among his teachers . After graduation and a doctorate in Erlangen , he worked as a rabbi at the Hamburg temple from 1922 . In 1923 he married Anneliese Neumann from Breslau, with whom he had three sons, Helmut (later Jizchak) (* 1925), Josef (* 1928) and Jochanan (* 1931). In 1926, Schlomo Friedrich Rülf was appointed to Bamberg as a district rabbi, where he also served as chairman of the Bavarian Jewish youth associations. In 1929 he took over the Jewish community in Saarbrücken . After his wife died in 1932, he entered into a second marriage to the rabbi's daughter Ruth Unna (* 1904) at the end of 1933, from which two children, Binjamin (* 1934) and Jedida (* 1940) emerged.

The experience of National Socialist propaganda on the occasion of the referendum on the Saarland and the impression of the powerlessness of the League of Nations became the decisive experience for Rülf in 1934/35 for the decision to emigrate.

Teacher and educator in Israel

In 1935 he emigrated with his family to Palestine, where he trained as a teacher and worked first in Jerusalem , then at the agricultural school Mikveh Israel in Cholon and finally settled in the agricultural settlement of Nahariya , which was mainly built up by Jews who immigrated from Germany .

In Nahariya, Rülf campaigned first as a teacher and then as head of the Chaim Weizmann School, against some resistance, for the establishment of a Hebrew education system for the predominantly German-speaking immigrant families. His autobiography describes the many difficulties he had to deal with: the problems in bringing up students who, after the experience of German persecution and expulsion, found it difficult to submit to school discipline; the resistance of parents, former academics who, after being expelled from their previous occupations, earned their living in agriculture and no longer wanted to recognize the benefits of general education ; Finally, the hostility to education of a church leadership who, in view of the many practical needs of the church, was reluctant to spare money for teaching materials and teachers' salaries. In 1951 he temporarily interrupted his teaching activities to accept an invitation to Germany and to help rebuild his former community in Saarbrücken.

Rülf practiced his rabbi profession on a voluntary basis in Nahariya until a full-time rabbi was employed there. Rülf later founded a liberal synagogue community in Nahariya .

Others

In memory of Rülf's merits, the Friedrich Schlomo Rülf Medal was named after him, which is awarded by the Christian-Jewish Working Group of the Saarland (CJAS) as an award to people, institutions or initiatives that are concerned with understanding between Jews and Christians have deserved.

In Saarbrücken, the district council decided on September 4th, 2008 to name the redesigned square in front of the Saar-Center “Rabbiner-Rülf-Platz” in honor of Rülf and to erect a memorial for the Saarland Jews murdered during the Nazi era. The work of art designed by Ariel Auslender "The Interrupted Forest" was inaugurated on November 12, 2013 and is the central Holocaust memorial in Saarland.

Publications

  • The mental situation of the Jewish youth in Germany. In: Menorah. Jewish family journal for science, art and literature. Volume 9 (Vienna 1931), Issue 11–12, pp. 545–556.
  • Paul Lazarus Memorial Book. Contributions to the appreciation of the last generation of rabbis in Germany. Jerusalem Post Press, Jerusalem 1961.
  • Way of the Saved. Story from Israel. Ner-Tamidverlag, Frankfurt a. M. 1963 (Hebrew דרך הגאולים. ספור מימי העפלה והגנה. Jerusalem 1965).
  • Streams in the arid land. Memories. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1964 (Hebrew במדבר מים. ששים שנות חיים ומעש. Jerusalem 1969) (new edition with an afterword by Herbert Jochum: Röhrig Universitätsverlag, St. Ingbert 2014, 2nd edition, ISBN 978-3-86110-571- 8 ).
  • Childhood in Braunschweig. In: Richard Moderhack (Red.), Brunsvicensia Judaica. Memorial book for the Jewish fellow citizens of the city of Braunschweig, 1933-1945. Orphanage Publishing House, Braunschweig 1966.

literature

  • Amir Dov: Life and work of German writers in Israel: A bio-bibliography. Saur, Munich [u. a.] 1980, ISBN 3-598-10070-1 , p. 73.
  • Herbert Jochum: Life and Work of Rabbi Dr. Friedrich Schlomo Rülf . In: Hans-Christian Herrmann, Johannes Schmitt (Ed. For the Historical Association for the Saar Region eV): The Saarland. History of a region . Röhrig Universitätsverlag, St. Ingbert 2012, ISBN 978-3-86110-511-4 , pp. 313–336.
  • Klaus Kreppel : Paths to Israel. Conversations with German-speaking immigrants in Nahariya. Westfalen-Verlag, Bielefeld 1999, ISBN 3-88918-097-3 .
  • Klaus Kreppel: Israel's hard-working Jeckes. Twelve business portraits of German-speaking Jews in Nahariya. Westfalen-Verlag, Bielefeld 2002, ISBN 3-88918-101-5 .
  • Klaus Kreppel: Nahariyya - the village of the "Jeckes". The establishment of the middle class settlement for German immigrants in Eretz Israel in 1934/35. The open museum - industrial park, Tefen (Israel) 2005, ISBN 965-730-101-7 (German and Hebrew).
  • Klaus Kreppel: Nahariyya and the German immigration to Eretz Israel. The history of its inhabitants from 1935 to 1941 . The Open Museum, Tefen 2010, ISBN 978-965-7301-26-5 .
  • Klaus Kreppel: Nahariyya Moshewet haYekkim. Sippur Dor HaMeyassdim 1935-1941 . The Open Museum, Tefen 2011, ISBN 978-965-7301-32-6 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Lectures: Place of Remembrance Rabbiner-Rülf-Platz in Saarbrücken. ( Memento from December 18, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) on institut-aktuelle-kunst.de, accessed on January 29, 2013.
  2. ↑ Cathrin Elss-Seringhaus: “Don't close yourself off to remembering!” In: Saarbrücker Zeitung, November 13, 2013, p. A3.
personal data
SURNAME Rülf, Schlomo Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Rülf, Salomon Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German-Israeli rabbi and writer
DATE OF BIRTH May 13, 1896
PLACE OF BIRTH Braunschweig
DATE OF DEATH August 13, 1976
Place of death Vevey