Sim (river)
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Sim Сим, Эҫем |
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 Location of the Sim (Сим) in the catchment area of the Belaja |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 10010200612111100018976 | |
| location | Chelyabinsk Oblast , Bashkortostan ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Volga | |
| Drain over | Belaya → Kama → Volga → Caspian Sea | |
| source | southern Urals, around 20 km south of Sim 54 ° 43 ′ 17 ″ N , 57 ° 44 ′ 14 ″ E |
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| Source height | around 630 m | |
| muzzle | around 20 km south-east of Ufa in the Belaja coordinates: 54 ° 28 ′ 57 " N , 56 ° 26 ′ 46" E 54 ° 28 ′ 57 " N , 56 ° 26 ′ 46" E
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| length | 239 km | |
| Catchment area | 11,700 km² | |
| Drainage location: 103 km above the mouth |
MQ |
47.9 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Kurjak , Uk , Lemesa , Kurt , advertis | |
| Right tributaries | Minjar | |
| Medium-sized cities | Ascha | |
| Small towns | Sim, Minjar | |
| Navigable | on the lower reaches | |
 The Sim at Ascha's |
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The Sim ( Russian Сим ; Bashkir Эҫем ) is a right tributary of the Belaja in the European part of Russia .
description
The Sim rises on the west side of the southern Urals in the west of the Chelyabinsk Oblast and initially flows through a narrow and steep valley towards the north. He reaches the town of Sim and shortly after turns west. The Minjar River flows into Minjar .
After the Sim has flowed through the city of Ascha around 30 km further west , it reaches the border of the Republic of Bashkortostan . Here he leaves the Urals and turns in a south-westerly direction. It now flows through a marshy plain with numerous oxbow lakes and bends in the river before it joins the Belaja around 20 km southeast of Ufa .
On the Sim is the Ignatievka Cave, known for its Mesolithic cave paintings .
During the ice-free period from April to November, the Sim is navigable on its lower reaches.
Wildlife and ecology
The river and its surroundings offer a habitat for numerous animal species . Many species of fish can be found in the river itself, including perch , pike , chub and tench . Amphibians such as common toads , moor and sea frogs and reptiles such as grass snakes and various lizards use the river, its embankments or the swamps, riparian forests and floodplain areas it forms as a habitat or spawning area .
In addition, many bird species live on the Sim, such as gray herons , little ringed plovers , reed warblers , oystercatchers , kingfishers and various stilts . For them, the dense riparian forests, the riparian vegetation, the embankments and the river itself form a nesting area and hunting ground.
The mammals that inhabit the Sim include a variety of rodents , including muskrats and the Burunduk , as well as European and American mink .
However, the Sim is also one of the most polluted rivers in Chelyabinsk Oblast. Wastewater from the towns and industries on the river pollutes the river, as does household waste that is thrown directly into the river or from one of the landfills located on the river.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Article Sim in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Sim in the State Water Directory of the Russian Federation (Russian)