Sistan and Balochistan

استان سيستان و بلوچستان Sistan and Balochistan
	Location of the Province of Sistan and Balochistan in Iran
Basic data
Country	Iran
Capital	Zahedan
surface	181,785 km²
Residents	2,775,014 (2016 census)
density	15 inhabitants per km²
ISO 3166-2	IR-13

27.929444444444 60.675Coordinates: 27 ° 56 ' N , 60 ° 41' E

Climate diagram of Sistan and Balochistan

Sistan and Balochistan ( Persian سيستان و بلوچستان) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran . The capital is Zahedan . 2,775,014 people live in the province (2016 census). The province covers 181,785 square kilometers and has a population density of 15 people per square kilometer.

With a value of 0.668, Sistan and Balochistan ranks last among the provinces of the country in the index of human development .

geography

Sistan and Balochistan are located in the southeast of the country and border Pakistan and Afghanistan as well as the provinces of South Khorasan , Kerman and Hormozgan . The capital Zahedan is the largest city in the province with 567,449 inhabitants (2006 census).

In the north of the province lies the Sistan area . In the Middle Ages, the larger historical region of Zabulistan (= "Zāvolestān"), the homeland of the mythical hero Sām, was roughly there .

The south of the province consists of the Iranian part of the Balochistan region and was once part of the historical Gedrosien and Makran regions .

The average annual temperature in the province is 20.8 degrees Celsius. The warmest month is July with an average of 33.1 degrees Celsius, the coldest is January with an average of 7.5 degrees Celsius. The average annual rainfall is 80 millimeters. Most of the precipitation falls between October and March with a monthly mean of 8 to 15 millimeters, the rest of the season is practically free of precipitation.

Administrative division

Sistan and Balochistan are divided into eight districts:

population

Farah Pahlavi attends a school in Sistan-Baluchistan (1965)

The population consists predominantly of Baluchi- speaking Baluchis , whose settlement area stretches across eastern Iran , southern Afghanistan and southwest Pakistan . The Sistani can be distinguished from the Baluch as a subgroup. The demarcation is based on their homonymous settlement area and their local dialect of the Persian language called Sistani .

Baluchi indicate their ethnicity as their first identity, then they describe themselves as Muslims (mostly Sunnis) and only then do they have a national identity (i.e. Iranians, Afghans, Pakistanis).

The wife of the Shah Farah Pahlavi made her first trip to the provinces of Iran in December 1965 to Sistan and Baluchists. In her travelogue she describes the Baluch as tall, slim, with dark complexion, deep black eyes, long bony noses and firm cheekbones. The eyes of the women would radiate the darkness of the Kawir desert with strongly drawn eyebrows. Your figure is slim and well-proportioned.

The population is very poor, although the province has rich mineral resources such as gold, diamonds, silver, chromide, copper and other metals, which, however, were not yet developed at the time.

economy

Agriculture suffers from heat and drought and a general lack of water. In earlier years the province was the center of sugar cane cultivation.

Colleges

University of Sistan and Balochistan at Zahedan
Zabol University
Azad Islamic University of Iranshahr
Azad Islamic University at Zahedan
Zahedan University of Medical Sciences
Zabol University of Medical Sciences
International University of Chabahar

Attractions

In Sistan, among other things, is Schahr-e Suchte , the largest prehistoric site in Iran.

The Sab-Ghaleh in Saravan
Coast of Tschahbahar on the Gulf of Oman with deep sea port
The Naseri-Ghaleh in Iranshahr
Zahedan Railway Station

University of Sistan and Baluchistan in Zahedan

literature

CE Bosworth : Sistan and Its Local Histories. In: Iranian Studies. Volume 33, No. 1/2, Winter – Spring 2000, pp. 31–43.
C. Edmund Bosworth: Sīstān. In: The Encyclopaedia of Islam. New Edition . Volume 9, 1997, pp. 681-685.

Web links

Commons : Sistan and Balochistan - collection of images, videos and audio files

Sistan and Baluchistan at: Iran Chamber Society - Iranian Provinces
Martin Gehlen: Unrest in the provinces. Behind the scenes of Iran. In: Frankfurter Rundschau. January 11, 2011, accessed on January 12, 2011 (Detailed Report on Balochistan and Jundollah ).

Individual evidence

↑ City Population: Iran - Cities and Provinces .

^ Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab. Retrieved August 12, 2018 .

↑ Jürgen Ehlers (ed. And transl .): Abū'l-Qāsem Ferdausi. Rostam - The legends from the Šāhnāme . Philipp Reclam jun., Stuttgart 2002, p. 369 and 371 f.

↑ Mahdi Darius Nazemroaya: destabilizing Baluchistan, Pakistan fracturing. The Triangle of Jundallah, the Taliban, and Sipah-e-Sahaba. globalresearch.ca, November 2, 2009

↑ Mansore Pirnia: Safar Nameh Shahbanu (Book of the journeys of the Shahbanu) . More Iran, 1992, p. 13 f . (First edition: 1371).

[1] City Population: Iran - Cities and Provinces .

[2] Sub-national HDI - Area Database - Global Data Lab. Retrieved August 12, 2018 .