Jump (apparatus gymnastics)

Gymnast at the vaulting table

The jump is a discipline of art and apparatus gymnastics that was traditionally carried out on jumping horses . Since the 2001 Artistic Gymnastics World Championships in Ghent, Belgium, this has been replaced by the vaulting table.

exercise

The task is to cross the device in certain predetermined shapes after jumping off a springboard . A start-up of max. 25 m allowed. Pushing off the device must be done with your hands. The different types of jump traditionally have different names, for example jumping over the device with legs drawn is called a squat .

The women are allowed to present their jump twice in the all-around competition, of which only the better rated one goes into the all-around competition. The men only have one attempt in the all-around competition. In the respective device finals, women and men have to show two jumps from different jump groups ( e.g. rollover or wheel turns ), the scores of which are then averaged.

Jump horse or jumping table

Child at the vaulting table

The jumping horse is 160 cm long and 35 cm wide and covered with a leathery fabric. Women had to cross the horse in a transverse direction and 120 cm high, while men had to cross the horse lengthways and 135 cm high.

The vaulting table is 95 cm wide and 120 cm long. The height of the device was increased to 125 cm for women and 135 cm for men. There is no longer a distinction between horizontal and vertical installation for women and men.

The vaulting table offers several advantages over the jumping horse:

The support surface is inclined slightly upwards, which makes it easier for the gymnast to deflect the starting speed in height.
The vaulting table has a suspension (mostly designed as a leaf spring), which enables the athlete to push off better.
The support surface is much wider, which allows for more secure support.
For female and male competitions at the same time, the device only needs to be adjusted in height and no longer completely rebuilt (turning the horse by 90 °, correcting the approach path).
The risk of injury from refused jumps or from slipping off the springboard is significantly lower because you hit a padded, yielding surface.

rating

According to the new valuation rules ( Code de Pointage , 2017 edition), the valuation consists of two components:

The value or difficulty of the jump: each jump is assigned a value between 2.0 and currently 7.2 points. For example, a hand support rollover has a value of 3.0 points, a hand support rollover with a subsequent double somersault has a value of 7.0 points.
The execution of the jump: starting from 10.0 points, points are deducted for any technical or posture errors.

Up to the year 2000 point deductions were made for insufficient distance of the flight after pulling the trigger from the device (less than 2.5 m). In the current artistic gymnastics, the distance is no longer assessed. Here, on the other hand, emphasis is placed on a clear ascent phase of the body's center of gravity after the handprint.