1932 Summer Olympics

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Games of the X Olympiad
1932 Summer Olympics logo
Venue: Los Angeles ( United States )
Stadion: Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum
Opening ceremony: July 30, 1932
Closing ceremony: August 12, 1932
Opened by: Charles Curtis (Vice President of the USA)
Olympic oath : George Calnan (athlete)
Disciplines: 20 (14 sports)
Competitions: 116
Countries: 37
Athletes: 1332 (1206 Mars symbol (male), 126 Venus symbol (female))
← Amsterdam 1928
Berlin 1936 →
Medal table
space country G S. B. Ges.
1 United States 48United States United States 41 32 30th 103
2 Italy 1861Kingdom of Italy (1861-1946) Italy 12 12 12 36
3 FranceFrance France 10 5 4th 19th
4th SwedenSweden Sweden 9 5 9 23
5 JapanJapan Japan 7th 7th 4th 18th
6th Hungary 1940Hungary Hungary 6th 4th 5 15th
7th FinlandFinland Finland 5 8th 12 25th
8th United KingdomUnited Kingdom Great Britain 4th 7th 5 16
9 German EmpireGerman Empire German Empire 3 12 5 20th
10 AustraliaAustralia Australia 3 1 1 5
... ... ... ... ... ...
18th AustriaAustria Austria 1 1 3 5
22nd SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland - 1 - 1
Complete medal table

The 1932 Summer Olympics (officially called the Xth Olympiad Games ) took place from July 30th to August 12th, 1932 in Los Angeles , USA . The city in the state of California had already applied for 1924 and 1928 and now, despite major concerns, it was accepted because there were no other candidates. The IOC did not have fond memories of the first non-European Games in St. Louis in 1904 . The high travel costs in a generally difficult economic time were also criticized.

Highlights

  • Although only about half as many athletes took part in Amsterdam as four years earlier because of the global economic crisis , as many teams could not pay for the trip, there were many great successes and 18 old world records were set or exceeded.
  • For the first time since 1896, the Summer Games were limited to two weeks. At the games in between there were still several months between the opening and closing ceremonies.
  • The Summer Games were officially opened by US Vice President Charles Curtis . The fencer George Calnan pronounced the athlete's oath .
  • Only three teams took part in the Olympic hockey tournament . The USA was able to achieve the bronze medal, although they lost all games (1:24 against India and 2: 9 against Japan ).

Outstanding athletes

  • The 21-year-old American Mildred "Babe" Didrikson qualified for a total of five competitions, but was only allowed to take part in three, of which she won two: gold in the javelin and 80-meter hurdles , as well as silver in the high jump , in the last two Disciplines even with world records. In the final of the high jump, however, the outstanding US athlete jumped 1.657 m as high as her teammate Jean Shiley. The jury decided to assign Didrikson only second place due to the jumping style (head first). The two women later merged their medals.
  • 14-year-old Japanese Kusuo Kitamura won the 1,500-meter freestyle competition , making him the youngest male athlete to ever win a gold medal in any sport.
  • Ivar Johansson ( Sweden ) won double Olympic gold in wrestling.
  • Gold for Franz and Toni Schmid ( Prix ​​olympique d'alpinisme for the first ascent of the Matterhorn north face).

Attendees

Participating nations: First time participants in blue
Team strength

A total of 37 nations took part in the 1932 Summer Olympics, nine fewer than in 1928. For China and Colombia it was the first ever participation.

America (889 athletes from 8 nations)
Europe (910 athletes from 22 nations)
Asia (145 athletes from 4 nations)
Oceania (33 athletes from 2 nations)
Africa (12 athletes from 1 nation)
(Number of athletes) * Participation in Summer Olympics for the first time

Others

  • For the first time, the awards ceremony took place immediately after the competitions. In addition, the three-level podium at the Olympic Summer Games was introduced (the " podium " is an invention of Lake Placid, which had hosted the Winter Games in the same year).
  • For the first time in the history of the Summer Olympics, an Olympic village consisting of 550 houses was built for the male athletes - the women were accommodated in luxury hotels.
  • Paavo Nurmi was banned for life because of an expense report that cost him his amateur status.
  • In the years between 1912 and 1948, medals for artistic achievements in 18 areas were also awarded at seven Summer Olympics. In 1932 there were the following award-winning art competitions: Architectural drafts, urban planning drafts, sculptures / sculptures, medals and plaques, paintings and graphics, drawings and watercolors, other graphic art, literature / poetry of every kind, lyrical works and music (with the subdivisions into music every Art, vocal compositions, compositions for one instrument and compositions for orchestra).
  • In Los Angeles, the Olympic mountaineering prize Prix ​​olympique d'alpinisme was awarded for the second time after the Games in Chamonix in 1924 .
  • For the Olympic champion in wrestling Jakob Brendel , his 1000 Mark travel money was collected privately at home in Nuremberg.
  • The 1932 Summer Games brought various innovations: electrical time measurement with starting pistols , which triggered the stopwatch and the target photo ; Flags and hymns as well as the presence of the boxing referees between the ropes and not outside the ring, as was previously the case.
  • The rowing competitions took place in the newly built Long Beach Marine Stadium in Long Beach , the first man-made arena for rowing competitions in the United States.
  • Stanisława Walasiewicz , who won the women's 100-meter run, was intersex . However, this was only determined in 1980 during her autopsy.

Competition program

116 competitions (98 for men, 14 for women and 4 open competitions) in 14 sports / 20 disciplines were held. That was 7 more competitions but the same number of sports / disciplines as in Amsterdam in 1928 . The changes are detailed below:

  • Football was dropped in Los Angeles in 1932.
  • In athletics , the men's program has been expanded to include the 50 km walk - for women the 80 m hurdles and the javelin throw have been added. The women's 800 m was canceled again after the premiere in Amsterdam in 1928.
  • In weightlifting , the welterweight weight class for men was added.
  • After a break in Amsterdam in 1928, shooting was back in the Olympic program with the two men's rapid fire pistol and small bore rifle lying 50 m.
  • For sailing , the two open classes Snowboard and Star were added - the open 12-foot dinghy was omitted.
  • In apparatus gymnastics , there was no team all-around competition for the men - the floor, Indian clubs, rope dangling and tumbling were added for the men.

Olympic sports / disciplines

Number of competitions in brackets

Time schedule

Time schedule
discipline Sat.
30.		 Sun.
31.		 Mon.
1.		 Tues.
2.		 Wed.
3.		 Thursday
4.		 Fr.
5.		 Sat.
6.		 Sun
7.		 Mon.
8.		 Tuesday
9		 Wed.
10.		 Thursday
11.		 Fri.
12.		 Sat.
13.		 Sun.
14.		 Decision-
disk-
applications
July August
Olympic rings without rims.svg Opening ceremony
Boxing pictogram.svg Boxing 8th 8th
Fencing pictogram.svg fencing 1 2 1 1 1 1 7th
Weightlifting pictogram.svg Weightlifting 2 3 5
Field hockey pictogram.svg hockey 1 1
Athletics pictogram.svg athletics 4th 3 4th 5 4th 2 2 5 29
Modern pentathlon pictogram.svg Modern pentathlon 1 1
Cycling Cycling (track) pictogram.svg train 1 3 4th
Cycling (road) pictogram.svg Street 2 2
Equestrian sport Equestrian Dressage pictogram.svg dressage 2 2
Equestrian Jumping pictogram.svg Leap 1 1
Equestrian Eventing pictogram.svg versatility 2 2
Wrestling Wrestling Freestyle pictogram.svg Freestyle 7th 7th
Wrestling pictogram.svg Greco-Roman 7th 7th
Rowing pictogram.svg rowing 7th 7th
Shooting pictogram.svg shoot 1 1 2
Swimming Swimming pictogram.svg swim 1 1 2 1 1 2 3 11
Water polo pictogram.svg Water polo 1 1
Diving pictogram.svg Diving 1 1 1 1 4th
Sailing pictogram.svg sailing 1 1 2 4th
Gymnastics (artistic) pictogram.svg do gymnastics 1 1 5 2 2 11
Olympic rings without rims.svg Closing ceremony
Demonstration competitions
American football
lacrosse
decisions 2 7th 5 4th 15th 8th 2 3 14th 4th 5 9 5 8th 24 1 116
Sat.
30.		 Sun.
31.		 Mon.
1.		 Tues.
2.		 Wed.
3.		 Thursday
4.		 Fr.
5.		 Sat.
6.		 Sun
7.		 Mon.
8.		 Tuesday
9		 Wed.
10.		 Thursday
11.		 Fri.
12.		 Sat.
13.		 Sun.
14.
July August

Color legend

  • Opening ceremony
  • Competition day (no decisions)
  • Competition day (x decisions)
  • Closing ceremony

    • Nine art competitions were held.

    Demonstration sports

    Only two teams took part in both tournaments

    lacrosse USA - Canada 2: 1 in Best of three (5: 3 4: 5 7: 4)
    American football   Team West (USA) - Team East (USA)     7: 6

    Counter events

    As communist counter-events to the Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, Spartakiads took place in Chicago and Lyon in 1932 .

    literature

    Web links

    Commons : 1932 Summer Olympics  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b page of the IOC on the 1932 Summer Olympics (English). Retrieved April 4, 2013 .
    2. ↑ The high number of participants and functionaries in the midst of the economic crisis can be explained by the fact that around 3/4 of their trip paid for themselves or had sponsors / associations pay for it; see. Arnd Krüger : Germany and the Olympic Movement (1918 - 1945), in: Horst Ueberhorst (Hrsg.): Geschichte der Leibesübungen , Vol. 3/2, Berlin: Bartels & Wernitz, 1982, 1026 - 1047.
    3. ↑ California Historic Landmarks - Los Angeles County . Office of Historical Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved January 5, 2020.