St-Côme-St-Damien (Luzarches)
The Catholic parish church of Saint-Côme-Saint-Damien in Luzarches , a parish in the Val-d'Oise department in the French region of Île-de-France , dates back to the 11th century. It has been rebuilt several times and combines components from the Romanesque , Gothic and Renaissance styles . The church has been on the list of architectural monuments in France as Monument historique since 1912 .
history
During excavations under the choir , a previous Gallo-Roman building was uncovered, which was followed by another church building in Carolingian times. The first church was probably dedicated to the Apostle Bartholomew . In the 8th century the church received the patronage of the two brothers and martyrs Cosmas and Damian .
In the 11th century the church was rebuilt, of which the main apse and two southern bays of the choir have been preserved. The northern side apse was built in the middle of the 12th century. Around 1300 the southern apse was demolished and replaced by a Gothic St. Mary's chapel . In the 16th century the church was to be rebuilt in the Renaissance style. The facade and the first yoke of the ship were renewed, the tower was raised. After that, work was stopped again due to a lack of funds. In the 17th century and in the 1880s, further modifications of the ship followed.
architecture
Exterior construction
The choir head has a building history of five hundred years. The oldest part, the Romanesque main apse, is semicircular on the inside and closed on three sides on the outside. The corners are reinforced by three-quarter columns . A serrated frieze runs halfway up and continues over the three arched windows.
The northern apse, also Romanesque, was built a little later and has a semicircular floor plan. It is more unadorned and also broken up by three arched openings. A stair tower adjoins its north side.
The bell tower rises above the northern apse, the lower Romanesque floor of which is pierced on all four sides by round-arched twin windows. The upper floor, which was built in 1537 by Jean Guillot, has at the corners and between the sound arcades pilasters , with volutes capitals and a decor of diamonds and flowers are decorated in the Renaissance style.
The Gothic Lady Chapel at the location of the southern apse is structured by strong buttresses . Five ogival tracery windows open in between .
The west facade on which the portal is located was completed in 1551. The protruding middle section is divided into two floors and is framed by buttresses at the sides, with double pillars on both levels . These stand on high plinths and correspond to the Doric order on the ground floor and the Ionic order on the second floor . A frieze with triglyphs and metopes runs between the two floors and continues to the side. The second floor is pierced by a large, eight-part rose window.
On the ground floor, the portal porch opens under a wide arch. The remains of the coat of arms cartouches are still preserved in the spandrels . The arched reveal is designed as a coffered ceiling in the Renaissance style and decorated with reliefs . God the Father is enthroned on the central cassette , surrounded by symbols of the evangelists . Other cassettes show the tools of suffering and a pelican , symbol of the sacrificial death of Jesus. The lower cassettes contain scenes from the life of the two protective cartridges .
inner space
The three-aisled nave is divided into six bays. Like the Romanesque main apse, the central nave is covered by a barrel vault. The girdle arches of the vault rest on pillars with pillars that are decorated with Corinthian capitals. The capitals on which the triumphal arch rests are decorated with figural scenes.
The northern apse has a six-part ribbed vault supported by slender columns with leaf capitals.
The Marienkapelle, built in the high Gothic style on the south side of the choir, is also covered by a ribbed vault. The ribs of the vault lead into keystones , one of which is decorated with a depiction of a king praying.
Furnishing
- The procession flag with the depiction of the two patron saints, St. Cosmas and St. Damian, commemorates the pilgrimage of the Medical Association to Luzarches to the relics of the two martyrs, which were kept in the north apse until their robbery in 1990.
- The choir stalls were created in the 17th century for the Hérivaux Abbey and, after it was demolished in the 18th century, installed in the Saint-Côme-Saint-Damien church.
- The pulpit was made by Claude Collin in 1708. A relief on the pulpit shows the twin brothers Cosmas and Damian as patrons of doctors and pharmacists.
organ
The organ was built in 1985 by the organ builder Manufacture Languedocienne de Grandes Orgues Georges Danion, using the pipe material from the previous instrument, which dates from the 19th century. The organ has 14 registers on two manuals and a pedal . The actions are electric.
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literature
- Dominique Foussard, Charles Huet, Mathieu Lours: Églises du Val-d'Oise. Pays de France, Vallée de Montmorency . Société d'Histoire et d'Archéologie de Gonesse et du Pays de France, 2nd edition, Gonesse 2011, ISBN 978-2-9531554-2-6 , pp. 179-183.
- Le Patrimoine des Communes du Val-d'Oise . Flohic Éditions, Volume 1, Paris 1999, ISBN 2-84234-056-6 , pp. 466-469.
Web links
- Église Saint-Côme-Saint-Damien in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Église Saint-Côme-Saint-Damien in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
- ↑ Information on the organ
Coordinates: 49 ° 6 ′ 43.7 " N , 2 ° 25 ′ 43" E