St-Jean-Baptiste (Nemours)

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Parish Church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste
Bell tower with portal porch

The Catholic parish church of Saint-Jean-Baptiste in Nemours , a parish in the Seine-et-Marne department in the French region of Île-de-France , was built in three phases from the 12th century. Two stained glass windows from the Renaissance have been preserved in the church . In 1977 the church consecrated to John the Baptist was added to the list of architectural monuments in France as Monument historique .

history

Suspended in the choir

After his return from the Second Crusade , Gaulthier I von Nemours had Augustinian monks from Sebaste settle on his lands in Nemours around 1149 , who, according to legend, carried a relic of John the Baptist with them. From 1170 they built a church in the north of their monastery buildings, of which only the bell tower with the portal vestibule remains today. This first church, built in the Gothic style, probably fell victim to a great fire at the beginning of the 15th century and was rebuilt from 1445. The choir with its ribbed vault and its imposing keystones was built in the Renaissance style from 1513, the nave was built from 1548. In 1595 the church was consecrated .

In the 17th century the nave was raised and in 1640 it was given the current vault , which is supported by chestnut ribs. Much of the original furniture was destroyed during the French Revolution . The church was included in the list of French architectural monuments as early as 1841, but was removed again in 1894. In 1977 the church was again declared a monument historique .

architecture

On the west facade rises the almost 60 meter high bell tower, which is crowned by a slate-roofed pointed helmet. Under the bell tower, pointed arches open on three sides to the portal porch, which dates back to the 12th century. It is spanned by a ribbed vault, the ribs of which rest on consoles that are sculpted with heads. The choir head is formed by three wreath chapels with a polygonal floor plan. The 58 meter long and 20 meter wide nave has three aisles, there is no transept.

  • inner space

  • Central nave

  • Vault of the nave

Leaded glass window

Renaissance window

Baptism of Jesus
Delivery of the relics of John the Baptist

Two large stained glass windows in the choir date from the 16th century. They are dated 1550 and were made by the glass painter Laurent Marchant . One window depicts the baptism of Jesus, the other the handing over of the relics of John the Baptist by Gauthier I of Nemours to the Archbishop of Sens in front of the entrance to the church.

Leaded glass window from the 19th century

The other three large choir windows are about the birth of John the Baptist, his sermon in the desert and his beheading. Like the rest of the windows in the church, they were created in the 19th century. The two windows with the depiction of the birth of John and the window with the depiction of his beheading are - like the window with the handover of the keys to Peter in the nave - provided with the signature of Adrien Napoléon Cornuel .

The four smaller choir windows on the side represent the raising of Lazarus and the twelve-year-old Jesus among the scribes in the north, the transfiguration of the Lord and Jesus and the children in the south .

The window of the apex chapel is dedicated to the secrets of the joyful, painful and glorious rosary . In the medallion of the tracery it commemorates the naval battle of Lepanto in 1571 and the victory of the Christian fleet over the Ottoman Empire , which is attributed to Mary's help . Out of gratitude, Pope Pius V had the Rosary Festival introduced. Like the window with the depiction of the Heart of Jesus , the window bears the signature of the brothers François and Ernest Haussaire , who ran a stained glass workshop in Reims .

Other windows depict the wedding at Cana , the anointing of the feet by Mary Magdalene , the four evangelists , the twelve apostles and other saints. Several windows are marked with the symbols of Mary .

  • Wedding of Cana

  • Heart of jesus

  • Anointing of the feet

  • Handing over the keys to Petrus

  • Naval Battle of Lepanto

Furnishing

Holy water font
  • Two holy water fonts bear the year 1547.
  • The baptismal font was created at the beginning of the 19th century as a replica of the font in the church of Saint-Pierre-lès-Nemours from 1640.
  • The Gothic-inspired choir screen was made in 1890. The small coats of arms bear the names of saints who are especially venerated in the dioceses of Meaux , Orléans and Sens and of the parishes of the Nemours deanery .
  • The two figures at the entrance were created by Justin-Chrysostome Sanson and represent the apostle Peter on the right and the patron saint of the church, John the Baptist, on the left.
  • Justin-Chrysostome Sanson also made the bronze sculpture of the Pietà from 1869.

  • Baptismal font

  • Apostle Peter

  • John the Baptist

  • Pietà

organ

organ

The organ was created in 1654 by the Parisian organ builders Jacques Lefebvre and Pierre Désenclos. In 1744 the organ builder Nicolas Collard added a Rückpositiv with 9 registers. In 1782 the organ builders François Callinet and Adrien Picart-Lépine added a few pedal stops to the instrument. The instrument survived the turmoil of the French Revolution unscathed. In 1849 Pierre-Alexandre Ducroquet (Orgelbau Daublaine & Callinet) restored the instrument. In 1929 the organ case was restored, from 1933 to 1934 the instrument was restored by the organ builders Victor Gonzalez and Rudolf von Beckerath. In 1934 the organ was added to the list of Monuments historiques . The instrument has 28 registers on three manual works and a pedal. It consists largely of historical pipe material from the 17th and 18th centuries.

Disposition
I positive C, D – c 3
1. Bourdon 8th'
2. Dessus de Flûte 8th'
3. Prestant 4 ′
4th Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
5. Duplicate 2 ′
6th Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
7th Plein-Jeu V
8th. Cromorne 8th'
9. Dessus de Hautbois 8th'
II Grand Orgue C, D-c 3
10. Montre 8th'
11. Bourdon 8th'
12. Dessus de Flûte 8th'
13. Prestant 4 ′
14th Nazard 2 2 ⁄ 3  ′
15th Duplicate 2 ′
16. Fourth 2 ′
17th Tierce 1 3 ⁄ 5  ′
18th Fittings IV
19th Cymbals IV
20th Cornet V
21st Trumpets 8th'
22nd Voix humaine 8th'
23. Clairon 4 ′
II Récit c 1 –c 3
24. Cornet V
Pedale C – d 1
25th Flute 8th'
26th Flute 4 ′
27. Trumpets 8th'
28. Clairon 4 ′

literature

  • Louis Grodecki, Françoise Perrot, Jean Taralon (eds.): Les vitraux de Paris, de la région parisienne, de la Picardie et du Nord-Pas-de-Calais . (= Corpus Vitrearum Medii Aevi ). Récensement des vitraux anciens de la France. Volume 1, Éditions du Center National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris 1978, ISBN 2-222-02263-0 , p. 103.
  • Jean-Marie Pérouse de Montclos (ed.): Le Guide du Patrimoine. Île-de-France . Hachette, 2nd edition, Paris 1994, ISBN 2-01-016811-9 , p. 480.
  • Georges Poisson (ed.): Dictionnaire des Monuments d'Île de France . Éditions Hervas, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84334-002-0 , p. 576.
  • Le Patrimoine des Communes de la Seine-et-Marne . Flohic Éditions, Volume 2, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-84234-100-7 , pp. 1154-1157.
  • L'église Saint-Jean-Baptiste de Nemours . Leaflet no year

Web links

Commons : St-Jean-Baptiste (Nemours)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Église Saint-Jean-Baptiste in the Base Mérimée of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
  2. ↑ Renaissance window in Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
  3. ^ Organ in the Base Palissy of the French Ministry of Culture (French)
  4. ↑ Information on the organ

Coordinates: 48 ° 16 ′ 1.2 "  N , 2 ° 41 ′ 48.5"  E