Stammheim (Cologne)

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Coat of arms of Cologne
Stammheim
district 908 of Cologne
Location of the Stammheim district in the Cologne-Mülheim district
Coordinates 50 ° 59 '15 "  N , 6 ° 59' 32"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 59 '15 "  N , 6 ° 59' 32"  E
surface 3.745 km²
Residents 8001 (December 31, 2017)
Population density 2136 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation Apr 1, 1914
Post Code 51061
prefix 0221
Borough Mulheim (9)
Transport links
Federal road B8
Railway lines S 6
Bus routes 151 152 153 155 156 250
Source: 2017 residents . (PDF) Cologne district information

Stammheim is a district on the right bank of the Rhine in Cologne in the Mülheim district .

location

Cologne-Stammheim borders in the east on Höhenhaus , in the south on the Bruder-Klaus-Siedlung , which belongs to the district of Mülheim , in the west on the Rhine and in the north on Flittard . Niehl is on the opposite bank of the Rhine .

history

The place is first documented in 959, with the mention of the gentlemen from and to Stammheim. The forerunner of today's parish church of St. Mary's Birth was mentioned as early as the 11th century .

In 1075 there was a chapel in Stammheim, which was connected to the mother church in Flittard and was looked after by the monks of Cologne's Benedictine Abbey Groß St. Martin . This chapel was rebuilt in 1453 at the instigation of pastor Wilhelm Staden from Flittard in cooperation with Junker Lutter von Stammheim. When the new church was built, for which the foundation stone was laid in 1902, parts of the old chapel were integrated. The tower, which was built in 1453 and has a high point, was destroyed in an air raid in 1944. Stammheim was not raised to the rank of vicarie until 1863 and received its own clergyman.

Before 1805 Stammheim belonged to the Porz office in the Duchy of Berg . During the French period, Stammheim came to the Mairie Merheim in the canton of Mülheim. Since 1815, Stammheim has belonged to the mayor's office in Merheim in the Mülheim district. On April 1, 1914, the entire Merheim mayor's office was incorporated into Cologne together with the then city of Mülheim am Rhein .

Stammheim Palace around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

The Stammheimer castle was in 1818 by the Westphalian noble family of the Barons of Fürstenberg acquired. It was destroyed in a bombing raid in 1944. The Bayer AG in 1952 took over the park, enabled him and built on the former location of the castle, the old people's home "Ulrich-Haberland-house" in which a portal of the residence was built. When the city of Cologne took over the site, it was used as a student residence from 1983 to 2001 . The facility has been empty since then. A conversion to residential purposes has been planned since 2008. The castle park has been used for annually changing art exhibitions since 2002.

Customs and cultural life

Despite its proximity to the city, many traditions and customs have been preserved in Stammheim. For centuries, the highlight of village life has been the rifle festival, which is always celebrated around the first Sunday in August. The St. Sebastianus Schützenbruderschaft has existed since at least 1594. Celebrated on the Schützenplatz, which was laid out in 1908 at the northern exit of the village. Every day of the festival there is a brisk shooting activity on the elevated stand, also built in 1908, where heavy-caliber rifles are still used.

Due to its location between Cologne and Düsseldorf, Carnival is also celebrated in Stammheim. On Carnival Sunday, the civic association organizes a Veedelszoch, in the weeks before, several carnival meetings take place. The women's meetings of KG Fürstenberg, which are held in a large marquee on Schützenplatz, are known beyond the borders of Stammheim.

The high point of church life is the Marien-Oktav at the beginning of September. The statue of the "Joyful Mother of God" is venerated in Stammheim, which, according to an old legend, was said to have miraculously washed ashore from the Rhine in Stammheim a long time ago. The octave opens with a procession of lights through the town; During the festival week, numerous groups of pilgrims from neighboring parishes come to the daily church services in the parish church of St. Mary's Birth.

Several music associations shape the cultural life of the place: There is the church choir "Cäcilia", the young choir "Aufbruch", the men's choir "Eintracht" (founded in 1880), the "Stammheimer Musikanten" and the general rifle drum corps founded in 1950.

The extensive range of leisure activities for children and young people includes, in addition to the offers of the Catholic and Protestant parishes, an open door "OT St. John" as well as the Stammheim ski club and the DPSG scouts of the Gilwell tribe. The scout tribe was founded in 1962 in Cologne-Höhenhaus and moved to Stammheim in 1983.

Demographic statistics

On December 31, 1990, 8,706 people lived in Stammheim and thus more inhabitants than in neighboring Flittard. Ten years later the population was 8,189. On December 31, 2012, Stammheim had a population of 7,440 and on December 31, 2017 of 8001 people.

Structure of the population of Cologne-Stammheim:

  • Share of under 18s: 16.8% (2015)
  • Proportion of over 64-year-olds: 23.4% (2015)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 15.1% (2015)
  • Unemployment rate: 10.6% (2014)

Worth seeing

Entrance to the Stammheim Castle Park
  • Castle park with the annual art festival Rheinblicke Insights since 2002 , Schlossstrasse
  • Parish Church of St. Mary's Birth , Salvatorstrasse 3
  • The Protestant Immanuel Church , inaugurated in 2013, received the Cologne Architecture Prize for 2014 as the first-place building and the only church building to be submitted among the five winners of the 89 projects submitted
  • Water tower on the southern outskirts of Stammheim, built in 1881, original height 40 m, two superimposed structures (one of which is a dome and a walkway) are no longer available. Four coal-powered steam engines in an adjacent building pumped groundwater from well shafts, either directly into the pipeline system or into the interior of the water tower.
  • Fort XII at the Stammheim house

Fort XII with intermediate plant XIIb

The right bank, northern cornerstone of the Prussian fortifications ( outer fortification ring ) formed Fort XII in Cologne-Stammheim at the Düsseldorf street in Stammheimer grove and is located along the Rhine between work XIIb (Egon road). Fort XII was started in 1877 and completed in 1881. The Stammheimer Fort could be equipped with six 12 cm and four 15 cm cannons. It had the task of securing the entire northern flank of Cologne on the right bank of the Rhine in the event of a siege and had the most powerful artillery equipment of all outworks on the right bank of the Rhine. The Kehlkaserne (accommodation building) consisted of a 25 m wide central wing and two side wings, each 45 m long. The earth wall of the glacis was 250 m wide and rose to a height of 7 m. In 1885 the artillery positions were removed from all Cologne forts on the right bank of the Rhine, only the Stammheim fort remained as an artillery fort. The top barracks, which was protected by the strong front wall, housed ammunition rooms and depots.

During the deconsolidation ( Versailles Treaty ), which was concluded around 1925, the deconsolidation office in Cologne had all concrete works blown up, including the artillery and ammunition bunkers, the infantry bases and the trench defenses of the intermediate works and forts, which are important for close defense all hollow structures and intermediate structures were sacrificed. During the Second World War, the fort was used again as accommodation for security and emergency services. In 1976 the trenches of the old fort in Stammheim were filled with earth and the entire facility was leveled.

Before the expansion of Fort XII, the intermediate plant XIIb was built to the west of today's Egonstrasse near the sewage treatment plant. The defense against advancing infantry was to be defended from the intermediate works. With flanking fire and light artillery it was necessary to support the forts and to prevent the enemy from entering the area between two forts. The intermediate plant near Stammheim was a so-called infantry plant, which had a trapezoidal floor plan and offered space for a company . In the event of war, it could be equipped with two 9 cm guns.

Transport connections and infrastructure

The first railway line that passed through Stammheim was put into operation in 1898: Leverkusen Bayerwerk - Cologne-Mülheim. The track of the "Bayer-Bahn" led past the outskirts and is still used today as a works railway (goods). The station, which was closed for passenger traffic in 1962, was located where the tracks cross the Stammheimer Ring (formerly military ring road). The goods handling hall was demolished in 1982. From 1902 to 1910, an average of 34 trains per day ran on the route, with more than 100 freight wagons loaded and around 1,300 passengers. The station building was integrated into a business and medical center in the early 1980s.

In 1906, the "Elektro" began operating. Line "O" served the route from Opladen to Ubierring and ran every 20 minutes. She stopped at the level of the Stammheimer house and drove along the Düsseldorfer Strasse.

Today Stammheim is on the B 8 to achieve. The district is also accessed via several bus lines that connect it to the neighboring districts of Cologne-Flittard and Cologne-Mülheim (bus routes 151, 152, 153) and Cologne-Dünnwald (bus route 155), among others . Until the S-Bahn went into operation, the 152 bus continued to Leverkusen (Löwe, Bayerwerk , Mitte and Opladen). Today it ends at the Chempark stop on the city limits of Leverkusen and the Cologne – Duisburg railway line there . There is a S-Bahn connection to S-Bahn line 6 of Deutsche Bahn to Cologne and Essen via Düsseldorf and Ratingen Ost. The journey time to Cologne Central Station is 13 minutes. The S-Bahn station was inaugurated in 1991.

Furthermore, the regional bus route 250 runs on the one hand via Mülheim and Deutz to the main station and on the other hand via Leverkusen and Leichlingen to Solingen . On the nights of Friday / Saturday, Saturday / Sunday and before public holidays, line 156 runs at night and connects the districts of Mülheim, Stammheim, Flittard, Dünnwald and Höhenhaus .

The construction of a new light rail line from the Deutz roundabout to Flittard and Stammheim is planned as part of the paper “Concept Cologne mobile 2025”.

The local large wastewater treatment plant in Cologne-Stammheim, which treats around 84% of Cologne's wastewater, is the largest of five wastewater treatment plants in the entire city. The plant's block-type thermal power station, which previously worked for its own use, has been renewed and expanded so that, in cooperation with RheinEnergie, eight million kWh of electricity can be generated from 2014 onwards from the digester gas . This supplies the southern Stammheim with district heating and now covers 90% of the sewage treatment plant's own electricity needs.

photos

  • Old water tower

  • Large sewage treatment plant

  • Stop at Cologne-Stammheim

  • View from the castle park on the Rhine towards Mülheim

See also

literature

  • Johann Bendel : home book of the district of Mülheim am Rhein, history and description, sagas and stories. Cologne-Mülheim 1925.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ New hope for the Ulrich Haberland House in the Stammheim Castle Park in the online newspaper report-k of August 13, 2019
  2. ↑ Main homepage
  3. ↑ Cologne District Information - Figures 2012 (PDF; 914 kB) at stadt-koeln.de, accessed on July 3, 2018
  4. ↑ Cologne district information residents 2017. Office for Urban Development and Statistics, accessed on July 3, 2018 .
  5. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  6. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  7. ↑ Inhabitants by type of migration background - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  8. ↑ Employed and unemployed part of the city - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  9. ↑ Price and justification on the municipality website (accessed Nov. 2014)
  10. ↑ Uwe Schäfer: KVB Stadtbahn will soon go to Flittard and Stammheim. In: Kölner Stadt-Anzeiger. December 16, 2015, accessed February 2, 2016 .
  11. ↑ Environmental statement 2017 of the Stadtentwässerungsbetriebe Köln (steb-köln), p. 15 ff., PDF 3.5 MB

Web links

Commons : Köln-Stammheim  - Collection of images, videos and audio files