Stations of remembrance in Vienna-Favoriten
The stations of remembrance in Vienna-Favoriten contain all the memorial stones in Vienna's 10th district , favorites , which remember the fate of the people who were murdered, deported, expelled or driven to suicide during the Nazi era . The laying is carried out by the Stones of Remembrance Association based in Leopoldstadt .
The concept of Wiener remembrance and memorial stones based on the pitfalls of Gunter Demnig and from this as plagiarism called. The Favoritner memorial stones differ from Demnig's stumbling stones in their size, in that they sometimes honor several people on one memorial stone, and in that they were made by machine and not by hand. On May 8, 2009, the first memorial stones were laid in Favoriten, and family members from New Zealand, Israel, England, Hungary and Germany traveled to the opening. The most recent installation took place in April 2018 at the corner of Raaber-Bahn-Gasse and Scheugasse.
10. Favorites
image | inscription | Location | Life |
---|---|---|---|
BARANKA HUBER GEB. 1874 |
Barankapark |
Baranka Huber was the mother of Karl Horvath and was born in 1874 and was known for her healing arts. In 1941 she was deported from the Hellerwiese together with the Lovara families who were camped there. In her memory, it was renamed Barankapark in 2003 . | |
KARL-WAKAR HORVATH GEB. April 13, 1908 |
Karl (Wakar) Horvath was born on April 13, 1908 in Graz. He was a Roma Lovara and married to Maria (Sidi) Rigo Stojka. Six children came from this connection: Mongo Stojka (1929–2014), Karl Stojka (1931–2003), Ceija Stojka (1933–2013), Josef (Ossi) (1934 or 1935–1943), Maria (Mitzi) and Katharina (Kathi ). Karl was a horse dealer. The family traveled through Austria with a caravan and traded at horse markets. After the annexation of Austria in 1939, a ban on moving around was issued. The family then moved to Vienna with their car and they were able to park themselves on the premises of a haulage company in the 16th district of Vienna, the car was converted into a wooden house - so that less attention would be drawn. Karl and his eldest daughter Katharina tried to find work while the younger children were sent to school. In 1941 the Gestapo picked Karl Horvath up from his home. The daughter Ceija described the arrest: “One day the Gestapo picked up our father Karl Horvath from our place. They came in a small car and pushed him inside. We children stood there with tears for our father. He waved again, then they continued with him. That was in 1941 and my last memory of him. We never saw him again. ”On January 20, 1941, Karl Horvath was brought to the Dachau concentration camp , prisoner category : protective custody, forced labor, anti-social . After the father's arrest, the family's small house was fenced in with a fence and the family was forbidden to leave the fence. Daughter Katharina is finally arrested and deported to the Lackenbach gypsy detention camp. Karl Horvath was transferred to the Neuengamme concentration camp , then to the Sachsenhausen concentration camp and finally back to the Dachau concentration camp. During this time he stayed in contact with the family by letter, and they tried to send him coded warnings, using terms in Romani that read like personal names. For example, he received the message: “How is Katte Mandaren?” - this sentence was information about the killings in the camps. On November 28, 1942, Karl Horvath was transferred from Dachau to the Hartheim killing center on an "invalid transport" and murdered. His death was reported on November 30, 1942 in the Dachau concentration camp. On December 2, 1942, the camp registry office recorded his death and stated that the cause of death was "failure of the heart and circulation in pulmonary tuberculosis".
In 1943 the family was notified of the death and his urn arrived a few months later. On March 3, 1943, during the three-day wake that is common with Roma, Sidi and the children were arrested by the Gestapo a few hours before the funeral. Karl Stojka was picked up from school by the Gestapo during class and deported to Auschwitz, to the local gypsy camp. There were 2,572 Roma and Sinti on this transport. A son of Karl Horvath is murdered, the other children and his wife Sidi survived. They were the only one of the almost 200 family members who survived National Socialism. |
||
GALO LEICI |
Galo Leici was deported to a concentration camp and murdered there. | ||
JOSEF-OSSI RIGO GEB. October 18, 1935 |
Josef (Ossi) Rigo, born in 1934 or 1935, was the youngest child of Karl Horvath and Maria Rigo Stojka and came from a Roma Lovara family. His siblings were: Karl Stojka , Mongo Stojka , Ceija Stojka , Maria and Katharina. The family lived in a trailer and moved from horse market to horse market, where his father traded and his mother sold fabrics to peasant women. After the annexation of Austria in 1939, a ban on moving around was issued. The family then went to Vienna and were able to park their car on the premises of a haulage company in Vienna's 16th district. The car was converted into a wooden house to attract less attention. His father and oldest sister tried to find work, while Ossi and his other siblings went to elementary school. In 1941 the Gestapo picked up his father Karl Horvath from home, he was deported to the Dachau concentration camp , finally transferred to the Hartheim killing center and murdered there at the end of November 1942. The family did not receive the urn containing the father's remains until a few months later the following year. On March 3, 1943, during the three-day wake that is customary among Roma, Ossi was arrested by the Gestapo a few hours before the funeral, together with his mother and siblings, and deported to the gypsy camp Auschwitz . His sister Katharina had already been deported in 1941, shortly after his father's arrest, to the Lackenbach gypsy detention camp . Josef Ossi Rigo was murdered in Auschwitz in 1943 at the age of eight or nine. His mother and siblings survived (they met Katharina Stojka again in Auschwitz). They were the only ones of the almost 200 members who survived National Socialism. | ||
PURI-LINA RIGO GEB. 1859 |
Barankapark |
Puri-Lina Rigo (old Lina) was born in 1859 and did not survive National Socialism. | |
SELFI RIGO GEB. May 26, 1909 |
Selfi Rigo was born on May 26, 1909. Selfi did not survive National Socialism. | ||
PETAK |
Petak: The only thing known about Petak is that he did not survive National Socialism. | ||
ROSA RIGO GEB. April 27, 1914 |
Rosa Rigo was born in Jois on April 29, 1914 and was murdered in Auschwitz. | ||
JOHANN NEPOMUK RIGO GEB. 2.2.1898 |
Barankapark |
Johann Nepomuk Rigo was born on February 2, 1898, he did not survive National Socialism. | |
LULO RIGO GEB. May 17, 1910 |
Lulo Rigo was born on May 17, 1910. He was married to Malina (Mala) and had three children. He was deported to the Lackenbach gypsy detention camp and finally deported to the Auschwitz concentration camp . When the Red Army approached in 1944, the camp was disbanded. Lulo had been selected for the transfer as fit for work, but on leaving he saw his wife who was not selected and stayed with her - Lulo Rigo was murdered with his wife and three children in Auschwitz. | ||
ALOIS RIGO GEB. 2.7.1926 |
Alois Rigo was born on July 2, 1926. Alois Rigo was murdered in Auschwitz. | ||
KURTI RIGO GEB. February 28/29, 1936 |
Kurti Rigo was born on February 28 or 29, 1936, he was the son of Lulo and Malina Rigo. He was murdered in 1944 along with his two siblings and his parents. | ||
SANI HUBER GEB. 10.1.1906 |
Barankapark |
Sani Huber was born on January 10th, 1906 and did not survive National Socialism. | |
MUNI |
Muni was a child of Sani Huber and did not survive National Socialism. | ||
ZUKRO |
Zukro was a child of Sani Huber and did not survive National Socialism. | ||
GUSTI |
Gusti was a child of Sani Huber and did not survive National Socialism. | ||
JURI |
Juri was a child of Sani Huber and did not survive National Socialism. | ||
WILLI |
Willi was a child of Sani Huber and did not survive National Socialism. | ||
GORI |
Gori was a child of Sani Huber and did not survive National Socialism. | ||
THESE STONES ARE SYMBOLIC FLOWERS THAT REMEMBER OF ROME FAMILIES THAT WERE TURNED FROM HERE TO THE EXCLUSION CAMPS AND MURDERED BY THE NAZIS |
Barankapark |
The Hellerwiese in Vienna's 10th district has been a traditional camp site for Rome families since the 18th century. After the annexation of Austria , this camp site was surrounded by the National Socialists with Spanish horsemen . In 1941 all Roma and Romina living here were deported to concentration camps and all were murdered . In 1999 a memorial plaque was installed in memory of the many people who lived here, and Mongo Stojka planted a red chestnut, the favorite tree of the Roma. 2003, this area was in memory of the grandmother of Mongo, Ceija Stojka and Karl Stojka in Barankapark renamed. The memorial plaque has since been replaced by a stone plaque due to many acts of vandalism. The Barankapark Festival takes place annually in May, and in May 2014 six memorial stones were installed during the festival. | |
KADALA BARR SI SIMBOLICKA LULUDJA, TE DEN GODJI PAJ ROMENGE NIPURA, SO E NACI INGERDE KATAR ANDE MUDARIMASKE LAGERA, KAJ MUDARDE LE |
Barankapark |
||
JANKA LÖWENSTEIN GEB. ADLER 06.10.1894 deported in 1942 AFTER IZBICA MURDERED IN BELZEC |
Ettenreichgasse 9 |
Janka Löwenstein, b. Adler, was born on November 6, 1894 in Nagymegyer . Since her father could not support the family, she was placed in the care of her sister Risa and her husband Simon Steiner at the age of five. They lived first on Bürgerplatz (today Reumannplatz ), later on Ettenreichgasse . On March 7, 1918, Janka married the Hungarian Sandor Löwenstein, who then settled in Vienna. Sandor became (this was the dowry) partner in the textile business of Risa and Simon (“Simon Steiner & Co”) in Favoritenstrasse 130. The couple lived together in Ettenreichgasse. In 1923 the first son, Herbert, was born, in 1925 the second son, Hans. Due to marital disagreements, Sandor left their apartment and moved into a hotel. On the night of March 13, 1938, shortly after the German troops marched in, the family was forced to clean the sidewalk in front of the Anton Church, only son Hans was spared. In April 1938, the family's business was Aryanized , and in April the sons had to leave the Archduke-Rainer-Gymnasium . Hans changed to the Chajes-Gymnasium in the 2nd district of Vienna, Herbert came to the Jugendalijah -school in the Kleine Sperlgasse, also in the 2nd district of Vienna. From May 1938 so-called Aryans were no longer allowed to work for Jews and the family maid had to give up her job. On November 10, 1938, the family was expelled from their apartment and was forced to move to a collective apartment for Jews in Senefeldergasse, where the eleven of them had to live in a room-cabinet-kitchen apartment. Janka's husband Sandor fled to Palestine on April 30, 1939. Janka didn't want to accompany him because she didn't want to leave her sister behind. It wasn't until the end of October, beginning of November 1941, that she tried to escape and tried to get to her sister-in-law in Yugoslavia with two companions. The three women were caught at the border, beaten by the Gestapo and sent back to Vienna. Janka then came to a collective apartment in Rotensterngasse in Vienna's 2nd district and had to share a room with four other people there. During the day she knitted in order to sell it later. At night she had to clear snow for work assignments. Since her sister's husband fell ill, both women also had to cope with his workload. Janka tried to flee again, was able to buy a crossing to Palestine for herself with the help of saved jewelry, but canceled this booking when she found a cheaper crossing. She wanted to leave the sister more money, but this passage turned out to be a fraud. Janka Löwenstein could no longer leave Vienna. On May 15, 1942, she and her sister were finally deported to Izbica (Transport 21, her number on the transport was 347). 1,001 people were deported with this transport, all of whom were murdered. She was transferred from Izbica to the Belzec extermination camp , where she was murdered by the Nazi regime.
Janka Löwenstein was pronounced dead in 1950. She was able to save both sons. On January 2, 1939, Herbert went to Palestine with a youth transport, followed a short time later by Hans with a children's transport. Hans is now called Itzhak Lavie and lives with his family in Israel. |
|
RISA STEINER GEB. ADLER 03.12.1877 deported in 1942 AFTER IZBICA MURDERED IN BELZEC |
Risa Steiner, b. Adler, was born on March 12, 1877 in Nemes Olica . On May 7, 1902, she married Simon Steiner, who, together with his brother-in-law Alexander Löwenstein, owned the textile business “Simon Steiner & Co” at 130 Favoritenstrasse. When her sister Janka was five years old, due to the poverty of her father's family, she was placed in the care of the Steiner couple. At first the family lived on Bürgerplatz, now Reumannplatz, and then moved to Ettenreichgasse 9, where the Löwenstein family also lived. Their son Erich was born in 1919. He graduated from high school and was supposed to go to university. But after the annexation of Austria , numerous acts of harassment and acts of persecution began solely because of their origins: the family has to clean sidewalks. Erich is not allowed to study. The business is aryanized . The family is evicted from their apartment and has to live in a confined space in a collective apartment for Jews, most recently in the 2nd district of Vienna, in Rotensterngasse 15. At night, work has to be done. Risa's husband fell ill. On May 15, 1942, she was deported to Izbica with her sister and her husband on Transport 21 (her number on the transport was 342). All 1,001 people on this transport were murdered, most of them in the Belzec extermination camp , where Risa Steiner was probably also killed. Son Erich was able to flee to Switzerland in time. From there he went to England, where he stayed and started a family.
Risa Steiner is pronounced dead in 1950. |
||
SIMON STEINER 28.2.1875 DEATH IN MAY 1942 ON THE TRANSPORT TO IZBICA |
Simon Steiner was born on February 28, 1875 in Salgov. Together with his brother-in-law Alexander Löwenstein, he owned the textile business “Simon Steiner & Co” at Favoritenstrasse 130. On May 7, 1902, he married Risa Adler. The small family also includes Risa's five-year-old sister, Janka, who was given into the care of the couple due to the poverty in the father's family. The family first lived on Bürgerplatz, today Reumannplatz , and then moved to Ettenreichgasse 9, where the Löwenstein family also lived. Their son Erich was born in 1919. He graduated from high school and was supposed to go to university. Son Erich even owned his own car, a Steyr 50 . Simon Steiner was a member of the board of directors of the temple in Humboldtgasse. After the annexation of Austria , numerous acts of harassment and acts of persecution began solely because of their origins: the family had to clean sidewalks. Erich is not allowed to study. The business is aryanized . The family is evicted from their apartment and has to live in a confined space in a collective apartment for Jews, most recently in the 2nd district of Vienna, in Rotensterngasse 15. At night, work has to be done. Simon Steiner fell ill. On May 15, 1942, he and his wife and sister-in-law Janka were deported to Izbica on transport 21 (his number on the transport was 341). All 1,001 people on this transport were murdered, most of them in the Belzec extermination camp , where Simon Steiner was probably also killed. Son Erich was able to flee to Switzerland in time. From there he went to England, where he stayed and started a family.
Simon Steiner is pronounced dead in 1950. |
||
Keplergasse 9 |
Severin Shmuel Mahrer was born on September 28, 1877 in Dolní Bukovsko . The documentation archive of the Austrian resistance states that Severin Mahrer's last place of residence was Pernerstorfergasse 21/11 in Vienna-Favoriten.
He was deported to Modliborzyce on March 5, 1941 and murdered by the Nazi regime as part of the Holocaust. The deportation transport was put together at the Aspang train station in Vienna and comprised 999 Jewish men, women and children. Only 13 survivors are known. In the Jewish quarter of the small town of Modliborzyce (Janow Lubelski district, Lublin district ), a ghetto was built into which not only the original residents but also deportees from the German Reich and other parts of Poland were sent. Some of the deportees were quartered in the apartments of the local Jews or in houses in the surrounding villages, and a smaller number in mass quarters. Men who were fit for work were taken to the Lysakow and Jenisow labor camps for forced labor. Malnutrition, illnesses and a high mortality rate prevailed in the ghetto, also caused by regular attacks by the SS and the German police. The liquidation took place in autumn 1942. On October 8, 1942, the inmates of the ghetto were brought to the nearby Zaklikow train station and deported to an extermination camp run by Aktion Reinhard . According to witnesses, the old and the sick were said to have been murdered in the ghetto. |
||
Rosa Moses, b. 1884, deported to Sobibor on June 14, 1942 | |||
Sigmund Moses, b. 1879, deported to Sobibor on June 14, 1942 | |||
ERWIN MAXA LIVED HERE 08/20/1910 ON 09/23/1941 ARRESTED ON 04/05/1942 AS A RESISTOR MURDERED IN BIG ROSES |
Raaber-Bahn-Gasse / corner Scheugasse |
Erwin Maxa was born in Vienna on August 20, 1910 and worked in an electrical company at Vienna's Ostbahnhof . He was the treasurer of a communist cell and distributed leaflets to its members. He was arrested on September 23, 1941 and murdered on May 4, 1942 in the Groß-Rosen concentration camp . | |
Troststrasse 125 |
Albert Dlabaja was born in Vienna on August 6, 1885. He was a tram driver and married Gisela Jellinek on November 15, 1917. The couple had a son, Erich Dlabaja (March 20, 1920 - April 26, 1970). Father and son both belonged to the KPÖ and were involved in the resistance against the Nazi regime. On October 13, 1939, the Gestapo Vienna came to arrest both of them, but only found their father. Despite the warning, the son went home and was also arrested. Albert Dlabaja was identified on November 6, 1939 in the Gestapo headquarters on Morzinplatz , then transferred to the Vienna Regional Court and subsequently deported to Sachsenhausen concentration camp . He was later taken to Flossenbürg , where he was murdered on April 16, 1941 at 8 p.m.
At his wife's request, the urn was sent to Vienna, which she was able to bury on May 8, 1941 in the Vienna Central Cemetery . Son Erich survived the Nazi regime, but had to do forced labor in Buchenwald concentration camp until the liberation in April 1945 . In the Favoriten Remise a plaque commemorates Albert Dlabaja. |
||
Gisela Dlabaja born Jellinek was born on June 17, 1896 in Boskowitz near Brno. She married the tram operator Albert Dlabaja on November 15, 1917. The couple had a son, Erich Dlabaja (1920-1970). After the annexation of Austria by the so-called Third Reich , the family was exposed to numerous harassments. Since she was Jewish, her son had to change from grammar school to business school as a so-called mixed breed 1st degree . According to grandson Albert, she had to clean sidewalks of painted crosses with a brush . Her husband and son were both active in the resistance, Erich belonged to the Communist Youth Association of Austria . Both were arrested by the Gestapo on October 13, 1939, interrogated and subsequently deported to concentration camps. Erich Dlabaja was sentenced to two years in prison on January 21, 1941 for preparation for high treason and was taken to the Rodgau 1 prison camp in Dieburg , Hesse . After serving his youth imprisonment , her son was transferred to the Buchenwald concentration camp , where he stayed until he was liberated on April 11, 1945. | |||
Wielandpark |
Rosa Mühlstein was born on July 4, 1901. In 1943 she was murdered by the Nazi regime in Auschwitz . | ||
Arthur Aron Mühlstein, born in 1890, was married to Emma Mühlstein. They were both successful in the clothing and jewelry business. The couple had two children - Herbert and Erika. After the annexation of Austria , both businesses are Aryanized . Aron and Emma were able to flee to Antwerp in 1939, where they had two more children - Renee (born 1939) and Ruth (born 1943). In 1941 they were briefly sent to a camp in Limbourg , but were released again. Renee and Ruth were placed in a monastery for their safety. After the war, Aron finally settled in Brussels with his wife and two youngest daughters. He died in 1964. His daughter Erika and son Herbert were able to be taken abroad in good time with Kindertransport and were also rescued. | |||
Emma Mühlstein born Ullmann was born in 1902. She was married to Aron Mühlstein. Both were successful in the clothing and jewelry business. The couple had two children - Herbert and Erika. After the annexation of Austria , both businesses are Aryanized . Emma and Aron were able to flee to Antwerp in 1939, where they had two more children - Renee (born 1939) and Ruth (born 1943). In 1941 they were briefly sent to a camp in Limbourg , but were released again. Renee and Ruth were placed in a monastery for their safety. After the war, Emma finally settled in Brussels with her husband and two youngest daughters. She died in 1964. Her daughter Erika and her son Herbert were able to be taken abroad in good time with Kindertransport and were also rescued. | |||
Richard Ullman was born in 1896. In 1938 he was arrested on the premises of his shop and deported to Dachau. From there he was transferred to Buchenwald concentration camp a little later . He was released in February 1939. He then fled to London, where his nephew Herbert and niece Erika also got there on a Kindertransport. He took them both in and raised them. He died in 1974. | |||
Herbert Mühlstein, born in Vienna in 1930, was the son of Emma and Aron Mühlstein. After the annexation of Austria , Herbert had to leave his school. He went to a Jewish school and his parents lost their two prosperous businesses. In 1939 the Mühlsteins were able to put both children in Kindertransporte: In 1939 Erika first left Vienna for England, followed a few months later by Herbert. Both children were initially housed in different host families. When the war broke out, they were first evacuated to Sussex . From there they came to South Wales , then to a children's home in Birmingham and finally back to London, where they were taken in by their uncle, Richard Ullmann, who had also managed to escape to London. Herbert Mühlstein died in London in 1996. | |||
Erika Mühlstein was born in Vienna in 1932, she was the daughter of Emma and Aron Mühlstein. After the annexation of Austria , the parents lost their two successful businesses. In 1939 the Mühlsteins were able to place both children in Kindertransporte: In 1939 Erika first left Vienna for England, followed a few months later by Brother Herbert. Both children were initially housed in different host families. Both children were initially housed in different host families. When the war broke out, they were first evacuated to Sussex . From there they came to South Wales , then to a children's home in Birmingham and finally back to London, where they were taken in by their uncle, Richard Ullmann, who had also managed to escape to London. | |||
IN MEMORY OF A FAMILY WHO HAPPENED IN PERNERSTORFERSTR. 19 HAS LIVED. IT WAS DESTROYED BY THE NAZIS AND NEVER UNITED AGAIN . |
Wielandpark |
This stone of memory relates to the fate of the Mühlstein / Ullmann family and is right next to the one for Rosa Mühlstein and her relatives. |
See also
swell
- Stones of Remembrance : Stations of Remembrance in Favoriten , accessed several times from October 2015 to January 2016
- Documentation archive of the Austrian resistance : database of victims , accessed several times from October 2015 to January 2016
- A Letter To The Stars : Murdered , accessed several times from September to December 2015
- Yad Vashem's database , accessed several times from October 2015 to January 2016
- Holocaust.cz database (German, English, Czech), accessed several times from October 2015 to January 2016
literature
- Lorely French: Roma Voices in the German-Speaking World. Bloomsbury Academic, New York City et al. 2015, ISBN 978-1-5013-0279-4 .
- Ceija Stojka : We live in secret. Memories of a Rome Gypsy. Picus-Verlag, Vienna 1988, ISBN 3-85452-206-1 .
- Ceija Stojka: Do I dream that I am alive? Liberated from Bergen-Belsen. Picus-Verlag, Vienna 2005, ISBN 3-85452-492-7 .
- Mongo Stojka : Paper children. Happiness, destruction and a new beginning for a Roma family in Austria. Molden, Vienna 2000, ISBN 3-85485-045-X .
Individual evidence
- ^ Ceremonial opening of two stations of remembrance in Favoriten. In: Stones of Memory . Retrieved May 10, 2018 .
- ↑ Opening dates 2018 - spring. In: Stones of Memory . Retrieved May 10, 2018 .
- ↑ Christiane Fennesz-Juhasz, Mozes F. Heinschink: "Always look ahead '..."; Memorial ceremony in Baranka Park . In: Romano Centro . No. 79/80 , October 2014, p. 24, 30 ( [1] [PDF; 1.4 MB ]).
- ↑ Severin Mahrer in the central database of the names of Holocaust victims at the Yad Vashem memorial
- ↑ a b Severin Mahrer in the database of the documentation archive of Austrian resistance, accessed on May 22, 2016.
- ^ Transport 4 from Vienna, Vienna, Austria to Modliborzyce, Janow Lubelski, Lublin, Poland on 03/05/1941. In: Yad Vashem . Retrieved April 26, 2018 .
- ↑ Maxa Erwin. In: Documentation archive of the Austrian resistance . Retrieved April 26, 2018 .
- ↑ a b Kunstradio : Dlabaja, Albert, Troststraße 125/19, Vienna 15, 16441 , with a portrait and a facsimile of the urn transmission, accessed on November 15, 2015.
- ↑ a b Albert Dlabaja: Gisela and Albert Dlabaja. In: Stones of Memory . Archived from the original on November 17, 2015 ; accessed on May 10, 2018 .
- ↑ Dkavaha Albert. In: Documentation archive of the Austrian resistance . Retrieved May 10, 2018 .
- ↑ Dlabaja Gisela. In: Documentation archive of the Austrian resistance . Retrieved May 10, 2018 .
- ↑ a b c d e Muehlstein family: papers. In: Wiener Library . Accessed May 10, 2018 .
Web links
- Stones of Remembrance , official website