Stossdorf (Luckau)

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Boulder at the former location

Stoßdorf ( Lower Sorbian Štotupk ) was a place east of Luckau ( Dahme-Spreewald devastated, Brandenburg), the 1963 quarters and then in the lignite mine Schlabendorf North disappeared. At the point of the devastated place is now the stossdorfer lake , which belongs to the district Egsdorf , a district of the city of Luckau.

Egsdorf and Stossdorf, excerpt from the table sheet 4148 Luckau (at that time No. 2323) from 1919

geography

Stossdorf was about eight kilometers southeast of Luckau, about one kilometer east of Egsdorf . The very small district bordered Stöbritz in the north, Hindenberg in the east, Tornow and Schlabendorf in the south and Egsdorf in the west. The small river Wudritz flowed northwest of the place. The town center was about 61  m above sea level. NHN .

history

After Rudolf Lehmann, Stossdorf was first mentioned in a document in 1527. According to Woldemar Lippert, however, a document from 1441, in which a Stotuff is mentioned, fits this place very well, i. This means that the first mention of Stossdorf would have to be moved back to 1441. But it could also be the place Stottoff near Lübbenau , as this was already known in documents at that time. According to Körner, it is an imperative name stoß , which was adopted in Lower Sorbian in the Low German sound of Stotup . It is probably an expansion settlement.

prehistory

The area around Stossdorf was already settled in prehistoric times. A long flint ax found in the area of ​​shock village is dated to the Neolithic. Bronze needles and three burial grounds can be dated to the Bronze Age. Bronze Age finds were also made in 1959.

Stossdorf on the Urmes table sheet 4148 Luckau from 1847

Ownership history

Since there are three places with very similar names in a small area in Lower Lusatia, the area covered here, Stottdorf, the Vorwerk Stottoff near Lübbenau and a deserted area of ​​Stassdorf / Stossdorf / Stossendorf near Waltersdorf, there is often no documentary evidence of one of these three places clear.

On December 5, 1441 Landvogt Nickel von Polenz enfeoffed Heinrich Crakow zu Lübben with the Freihof in Lübben, which had been abandoned by Hans von Buxdorf auf Stotuff, and the grain income abandoned by Jan von Buxdorf, zu Bornsdorf, and his brothers, amounting to nine malters of grain and grain Oats in Treppendorf . Jan von Buxdorf and his brothers, who were at Zinnitz at the time , had bought this annual interest on nine Malter grains (in the form of grain and oats) in Treppendorf von Nickel von Zieckau ( Czikow ) in Lübben in 1434 . The assignment of the above Stotuff to this Stossdorf fits very well because the von Buxdorf (or von Bocksdorf) family can be shown to have owned property in the neighboring village of Schlabendorf in 1439; a little later, Buxdorf ownership is also proven in the neighboring village of Tornow. Stottoff (near Lübbenau) is probably out of the question as it belonged to the Lübbenau rule . Stossendorf near Waltersdorf is documented as a desert village in 1489 and 1527. It seems rather unlikely that the village of Stotuff became a desert between 1434 and 1489, especially since the Hussite trains were over. However, the von Buxdorf family had acquired the nearby Bornsdorf with its castle around 1439. The art monuments assume a destruction of the former Bornsdorf, which is marked by the church ruin Bornsdorf, about one kilometer away from today's town center, in the time of the Hussite Wars and a rebuilding of the village at its current location.

The neighboring town of Schlabendorf was partly owned by Jan von Buxdorf in 1439; but there was also a Heinrich von Zieckau sitting there in 1438. In 1441 the aforementioned Hans von Buxdorf was sitting in Stossdorf. The further history of Stossdorf is initially not documented.

On October 8, 1527 the brothers Johann, Peter and Christoph von Torgau were enfeoffed with the village of Stossdorf ( Stosoff ). However, it was not a re-loan, but a re-loan after the change to manu dominate (death of the Bohemian-Hungarian King Ludwig II in the battle of Mohács (1526) ), d. This means that the von Torgau brothers had owned stossdorf some time before. At that time the value of the property was estimated at 400 guilders, of which a tax liability of 3 guilders, 6 groschen and 3½ pfennigs resulted. Johann von Torgau sold Stossdorf in 1536 to Johann von Wehlen, who was chancellor of the governor in Lübben at the time. In 1543 Johann von Wehlen was enfeoffed from then Landvogt Albrecht Graf von Schlitz with the possession of the dissolved Wilhelmiterkloster on the Frauenberg near Lübben . He was also able to acquire other property from Lübben, including a free house in Lübben. Of the four sons of Johann von Wehlen (Christoph, Albrecht, Hans and Georg), only two seem to have reached a higher age, because Christoph received the Frauenberg with accessories, while the Freihaus in Lübben, the other Lübben property and stossdorf and a farm fell to Albrecht in Egsdorf. In 1592 Albrecht von Wehlen sold Stossdorf and the farmers in Egsdorf to Hans von Rochlitz the Elder. Jü. on Vorberg (devastated, nine kilometers north-northwest of Calau). On June 19, 1592, Hans von Rochlitz received the feudal letter about Stossdorf with the Vorwerk and the interest as well as the interest and leases of a farmer in Egsdorf; his brothers Georg and Heinrich von Rochlitz auf Redlitz (part of the municipality of Groß Klessow in the city of Lübbenau / Spreewald ) were also enfeoffed . Hans, Georg, Heinrich and Wolf von Rochlitz were the sons of Hans von Rochlitz the Elder. Ä. and Margarethe von Peschen on Vorberg. The value of the property was still set at 400 thalers, of which 9 thalers, 14 groschen and 5 pfennigs taxes had to be paid.

17th century

In 1613, Stossdorf had to pay 18 groschen royal tax. Hans von Rochlitz the Elder Jü. seems to have died early, because his sons Heinrich, Hans Caspar and Georg were minors at his death and received two guardians with Georg von Lawalt zu Radewiese and Georg von Zschannitz zu Steinitz . In 1623 they were given the resurrection with the stossdorf estates inherited from their father and the farmers in Egsdorf. In 1635 after the heirless death of Caspar, Heinrich and Georg were now enfeoffed with the share of their deceased brother. Apparently Heinrich and Georg also died without heirs, because the Saxon Elector, who had also become Margrave of Lower Lusatia in 1635, withdrew the fief as a fallen fief. In 1650, the electoral Saxon cashier and later princely Saxon Merseburg bailiff of the salt office Guben Johann Abraham Huhl (Huller) acquired shock village and the farmers in Egsdorf. In 1651 he also bought the village of Leibchel and in 1655 took the feudal oath over it. He also owned a share of shoes . His brother Johann, imperial general steward and his other brother Johann Friedrich Huhl were taken into the entire hand. As early as March 16, 1652, he sold Stossdorf (excluding the farmers in Egsdorf) for 2,200 thalers to the Saxon electoral defensive captain Hans Friedrich Schmid (t). This was enfeoffed on July 19, 1655 and again on June 13, 1658 by the Landvogt Freiherr von der Schulenburg with stossdorf, including the Vorwerk, upper and lower court, and the interest and leases. His brother Tobias Schmidt, who was chief forester in the Princely Saxon Altenburg region, and also chief forester in Römhild in the Principality of Saxony-Coburg, were also enfeoffed . He was charged with adultery and fled to Hungary on military service. The property was now leased, and the lease went to Schmidt's wife as a pension. Apparently the tenants ran the estate down, because Mrs. Schmidt and her daughter ceded their claims of 300 and 100 guilders respectively to the State Secretary Andreas Leddin. The fiefdom was withdrawn as an aperture, as the brother who was also enfeoffed had not reported. By 1672 Andreas Leddin actually became the owner of Stossdorf and two farmers in Klein Beuchow . That year, stossdorf was apparently auctioned. Cuno Christoph, Hans Heinrich and Georg Friedrich von Birckholtz, owners of the neighboring Egsdorf and Kümmritz , received the estate for 1245 thalers (or 1422 thalers 18 groschen?). On December 21, 1674, they received a joint feudal letter about Stossdorf, Egsdorf and Kümmritz. In 1671, Johann Abraham Huhl had sold them the one farmer in Egsdorf that he had reserved for himself when he was selling Stossdorf. In 1674 the three brothers shared the property. Egsdorf was valued at 5,433 guilders 10 groschen and 6 pfennigs, stossdorf at 1,500 guilders and Kümmritz at 8,597 guilders. The Rittmeister and later Major General Georg Friedrich von Birckholtz received Egsdorf and Stossdorf, Hans Heinrich von Birckholtz Kümmritz and Cuno Christoph a cash settlement in the amount of 5,076 guilders, which remained as a mortgage with 1856 guilders on stossdorf and Egsdorf, and with 3220 guilders on Egsdorf . Georg Friedrich von Birckholtz received loan letters again in 1675 and 1692 about Stossdorf and Egsdorf. He was married to Ursula Magdalene von Mickwitz, daughter of Caspar Gotthard von Mickwitz and Anna Marie von Liebenau on Groß Jehser . In 1675 he concluded a marriage foundation with her in the amount of 2000 guilders. Before 1694 he sold Egsdorf and Stossdorf to Erdmann Christian von Kleist, who was enfeoffed with Egsdorf on June 16, 1697 and Stossdorf on June 17, 1698. But Erdmann Christian von Kleist soon sold Stossdorf for 3,700 thalers to Christoph Abraham von Metzradt on Neudöbern , who was enfeoffed with it on September 12, 1698.

18th century

Just under a year later on June 30, 1699, this stoss village sold for 3,500 thalers to Marianne von Buxdorf, née. von Klitzing from the house. Marianne von Klitzing had married her uncle Jacob Friedrich von Buxdorf from the Schlabendorf house in 1699, who received Schlagdorf in 1702 as her supporter. The brothers of Marianne von Klitzing, Caspar Erdmann and Ernst Christian von Klitzing auf Seese were also enfeoffed. Marianne and her husband Jacob Friedrich von Buxdorf did not manage the estate themselves, but set a tenant on it, from 1697 to 1703 Laßel von Rottenburg appeared there. On May 24, 1710, she sold stossdorf to Johann Sigismund von Uttenhof. On October 6, 1710, he bought the estate and village of Groß Beuchow again from Count Lynar and had to charge stossdorf with 6000 thalers. Apparently he got into financial difficulties, on December 17, 1716 he sold Stossdorf for 7,500 thalers, also for repurchase to Ulrich Gottfried von Wolfersdorf. He was actually able to realize the repurchase option, because on April 28, 1721 he sold Stossdorf for 6525 thalers to Hans Caspar von Hohenstein, whom he had taken on as his co-leaned in 1713. Hans Caspar von Hohenstein died on April 1, 1741 leaving their five sons Christoph Ehrenreich, August Wilhelm, Hans Sigismund, Friedrich Adolph and Wolf Ernst and their daughter Johanna Luise. On March 15, 1742, the five von Hohenstein brothers received the loan with shock village. All five brothers were in military service and had debts to pay. For example, they sold Stossdorf for 7000 thalers and 200 thalers key money to the then captain Christoph Ulrich von Zastrow , who made the silk on March 15, 1748. Zastrow first had to apply for the indigenous property for the Niederlausitz margraviate, which he received on March 21, 1747. Christoph Ulrich von Zastrow was a Polish major in the infantry and war commissioner for Niederlausitz. With his wife Dorothea Elisabeth von Maltitz he had sons Siegfried Franz Lorenz (baptized November 4, 1738), Caspar Wilhelm Philipp (baptized June 8, 1740) and Ernst Ulrich August (born August 20, 1740). He died on January 11, 1770 in Stossdorf. On November 23, 1779, his sons were enfeoffed with shock village. Since all three sons served in the Saxon army, they sold Stossdorf on February 26, 1780 for 8,000 thalers including key money to the State Deputy Caspar Siegmund von Langen (n) on Bornsdorf and Weißagk. On July 28, 1781, he received the loan letter about shock village. Houwald suspects a bogus purchase, because on December 5, 1781 he sold the property again for the same price to Ernst Ulrich August von Zastrow, the youngest of the Zastrow brothers, who had sold him the property together. But Stossdorf did not keep it for very long and sold it on April 10, 1794 for 11,600 thalers and 100 key money to Johann Christian Bader, the Finsterwalde bailiff, who received the loan letter about Stossdorf on March 30, 1795.

19th century

The rapid changes in ownership continued in the 19th century. On February 24, 1804, Johann Christian Bader sold Stossdorf for 22,000 Reichstaler to Friedrich Erdmann von Obernitz, the god of prizes. In the same year on October 16, 1804, he sold Stossdorf for a whopping profit for 24,800 Reichstaler to Johann Gottlob Günther. Johann Gottlob Günther went bankrupt in 1814. Johann Christian Schubka was able to acquire shock village for 10,000 thalers from the bankruptcy estate. This sold shock village on 10./13. June 1828 for 12,500 thalers to the bailiff Carl Moritz Schwarz, who resold it on October 4, 1833 for 13,200 thalers to Carl Sigismund Beuchel. On August 2, 1842, the manor owner Carl Kaempf Stossdorf bought it for 20,000 thalers, who sold it on to the landowner Wilhelm Louis Julius Schmidt on July 31, 1846, albeit at a loss, for 18,000 thalers. According to Berghaus, the manor had an area of ​​576 acres around 1850, of which 352 acres were fields, 32 acres were meadows and 136 acres were forest. He achieved the allodification, i.e. H. the fiefdom was converted into owner-occupied property. Riehl and Scheu (1861) refer to him as Amtmann Schmidt. In 1862 the estate was sold for 42,000 thalers to Eduard August von Tschoppe, who also owned the estate in 1864 and 1868. In 1879 the estate had already come into the possession of Otto Magnus, who was still there in 1885 and 1894. At that time the estate was 145 hectares, of which 126.9 hectares were arable land, 10 hectares were meadows and pastures and 4 hectares were forest. The property tax net income was 1,580 marks. In 1907 Gutsdorf belonged to a Karl Kessler and from 1912 to Max Samberg (until 1915). Then it was acquired by the mining company Ilse, which was already prospecting the region for lignite at that time. After the First World War, Gut Stossdorf became the property of the Deutsche Reichsbahngesellschaft. The Berliner Elektrowerke then followed as the owner. After the Second World War, the estate became the city of Luckau's supply goods. In 1946 it became a state estate and around 1952 it was assigned to the nationally owned Gut Görlsdorf as a subsidiary estate.

Village history

On September 3, 1699, the small town and the estate burned down by lightning. The then owner Christof Abraham von Metzradt received an estimate of 400 guilders for the reconstruction of the village. In 1708, apart from the estate, there were only two cottages in Stossdorf who worked for the estate. Also for the year 1718 only two Kossäts were registered; the estimate was still 400 guilders. In 1723 there were five hearths (houses) in which three gardeners and two Büdner lived. From 1737 there is a dispute between the then landowner Hans Caspar von Hohenstein and his tenant shepherd. Contrary to the original agreement, Hans Caspar von Hohenstein apparently had two groschen per sheep from his lease shepherd in addition to the lease fee, which the lease shepherd refused. The landlord therefore had the shepherd's furniture confiscated. The shepherd turned to the Oberamtsregierung in Lübben, which tried to mediate. The outcome of the mediation attempt is not known, however. In the meantime the shepherd had applied for the sheep farm in Duben and got it in 1737 for a rent of 100 guilders. In 1755 there were 63 consumers in Stossdorf. The average harvest (in Dresden bushels ) was: 236 bushels of grain (rye), 22 bushels of wheat, 23 bushels of barley, 48 bushels of oats, 4½ bushels of peas, 14 bushels of heather ( buckwheat ) and 4½ bushels of flax . In 1818 the place had eleven fire pits and 60 inhabitants. In the regulation of landlord and peasant relations, which was carried out in Stossdorf in 1837, the inheritance of two farms was abolished. The "tension and hand services, with the exception of the auxiliary services to be performed, money and chicken taxes, the goose tenth, yarn spinning and in general all the services to which these two owners of the estate were previously obliged against the lordship" were issued to the Kossetes, albeit against transfer of previously shared areas. From 1828 onwards, the two farms had to provide the estate with 18 men's hand days and 6 women hand days without payment. These services were to be performed from sunrise to sunset, depending on the season. From 1840 these auxiliary services were replaced by a cash payment of 3 thalers, 22 silver groschen and 6 pfennigs. This could be replaced by a one-off payment of an undisclosed amount. Before the separation, the estate was 551 acres, after the separation it was 591 acres. The land ownership of the two farms, on the other hand, was almost halved, from a total of 60 acres to 34 acres. In 1840 there were already 12 houses and 65 inhabitants. At that time it was referred to as the “village with cottages”. The number of houses remained constant until 1864, but the number of residents rose to 91. Before the First World War, Grube Ilse-AG bought the estate and two farms for 4,000 marks per hectare. During the war, the course of the river Wudritz was regulated with the help of Russian prisoners of war. In 1960 the mine administration of the German Democratic Republic bought the remaining areas. 26 residents were then relocated to Cahnsdorf and Luckau. In 1963 the youth opencast mine (Schlabendorf-Nord) advanced to the village. From then on, Stossdorf no longer existed.

Population development from 1818 to 1964
year 1818 1840 1864 1875 1890 1910 1925 1933 1939 1946 1950
Residents 60 65 91 71 83 90 90 83 68 110 107

Local political history

In the early modern period, stossdorf belonged to the Luckau District within the Electorate of Saxony , from 1806 to the Kingdom of Saxony . In 1815 Saxony had to cede Lower Lusatia to Prussia. The place then belonged to the Prussian district of Luckau , which had emerged from the old Luckau district through some changes in area. In the district and territorial reform of 1952 in what was then the GDR, Stossdorf remained in the Luckau district , although it was greatly reduced in size and assigned to the newly created Cottbus district .

Stossdorf was primarily a manor in the late Middle Ages and early modern times. Peasant property was limited to two farms with little land. In the course of Stein's reforms at the beginning of the 19th century, the community of Stossdorf or the municipality of Stossdorf emerged. In 1900 the parish comprised 20 ha, the manor district 144 ha. It was not until 1928 that the manor district was combined with the parish to form the rural community of stossdorf. In 1956, Stossdorf was incorporated into Egsdorf. In 1963 the place was devastated. Today the village is located in the approx. 77 hectare shockdorfer lake , which was created in the remaining hole of the Schlabendorf-Nord opencast mine. The east bank of the Stossdorfer See is part of the Ostufer Stossdorfer See nature reserve , which also includes areas bordering north, east and south.

Church affiliation

Stossdorf did not have a church, but was always parish in Stöbritz .

supporting documents

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz. Volume 2, Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1855 Online at Google Books (hereinafter abbreviated to Berghaus, Landbuch, 3 with corresponding page number)
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume V: Luckau district. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1996, ISBN 3-7686-4145-7 (hereinafter Houwald, Rittergüter, 5 with corresponding page number).
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921254-96-5 (in the following abbreviated Historisches Ortslexikon Niederlausitz, 1 with corresponding page number).
  • Wilhelm Jung and Willy Spatz: The art monuments of the province of Brandenburg. Volume V, Part 1. The art monuments of the Luckau district. Meisenbach Riffarth & Co, Berlin 1917 (hereinafter abbreviated to Kunstdenkmäler Luckau with corresponding page number).
  • Woldemar Lippert : Document book of the city of Lübben. III. Volume: The documents of the city and the office of Lübben, the gentlemen Zauche, Pretschen and Leuthen. Publisher of the Wilhelm and Bertha von Baensch Foundation, Dresden 1933 (hereinafter abbreviated to Lippert, Document Book III, with corresponding page number).
  • Friedemann Plaschnik: Stossdorfer Chronicle. In: Luckauer Heimatkalender, 1972/73, Luckau 1973, pp. 46–55.
  • Frank Förster: Disappeared villages: the demolitions of the Lusatian lignite mining area until 1993. Domowina, Bautzen 1996, ISBN 3-7420-1623-7

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Lehmann, Historisches Ortslexikon, p. 133.
  2. ↑ Lippert, Document Book III, Certificate No. 76a, p. 63.
  3. ↑ Siegfried Körner: Place Name Book of Niederlausitz: Studies on the toponymy of the districts Beeskow, Calau, Cottbus, Eisenhüttenstadt, Finsterwalde, Forst, Guben, Lübben, Luckau, and Spremberg. Akademie Verlag GmbH, Berlin 1993, p. 234.
  4. ↑ Ernst Eichler: The place names of Niederlausitz. 1st edition. VEB Domowina publishing house, Bautzen 1975, p. 115.
  5. ↑ a b Lippert, Urkundenbuch III, Urkunde 76, p. 62/3 ( Stotuff on p. 63 first line or footnote).
  6. ↑ Lippert, Document Book III, Certificate No. 64, p. 53.
  7. ↑ Houwald, Rittergüter, 5, p. 37.
  8. ↑ Kunstdenkmäler, p. 33.
  9. ^ Houwald, Rittergüter, 5, p. 380.
  10. ^ Karl Friedrich Rauer: Hand register of the manors represented in all circles of the Prussian state on district and state parliaments. Reinhold Kühn, Berlin 1857, online at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , p. 114.
  11. ^ Berghaus, Landbuch, 3, p. 637.
  12. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books , p. 699
  13. ↑ a b P. Ellerholz, H. Lodemann, H. von Wedell: General address book of manor and estate owners in the German Empire. I. Kingdom of Prussia. I. Delivery to the province of Brandenburg. Nicolaische Verlags-Buchhandlung R. Stricker, Berlin 1879, PDF , p. 122/3.
  14. ↑ Kunstdenkmäler Luckau, p. XXV.
  15. ^ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820, p. 218.
  16. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. O. 1844 Online at Google Books (p. 163)
  17. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. O. 1867 Online at Google Books (p. 187)
  18. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF

Coordinates: 51 ° 49 ′ 56 ″  N , 13 ° 49 ′ 28 ″  E