Stresow (Berlin)

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View over the Stresow from the tower of the Spandau town hall

The Stresow is a locality in the Berlin district of Spandau . It is located south of the Spree estuary on the eastern bank of the Havel , opposite the old town of Spandau , with which it is connected by two road and one railway bridge.

location

Spree estuary on Stresow

Stresow is defined as a location in the Spandau district in the north and west through the Spree and Havel. The representation on the Urmes table sheet around 1835 is limited to the south by the arch on the old Havellauf (according to the Havel regulation the south port is located for this ). To the east, the freedom to Stresow is included, but not the area to the Ruhleben Vorwerk, 700 meters away . These landmarks are fixed to the south at the level of the (small) Freiheitswiesen to the location Tiefwerder and now belong to the district Wilhelmstadt . To the east, the Spandau portion of Ruhleben does not belong to the Stresow, so that the management of the S-Bahn route or the KGA 'Charlottenburger Chaussee' mark the eastern edge. When the population of Spandau exceeded 25,000 in 1887, the urban district of Spandau was spun off from the Osthavelland district . The suburb "Stresow" became a district.

The name Stresow is intended to mean "secured river crossing" in Slavonic . The Havel crossing to the city of Spandau was initially a ferry with strategic importance. In 1433 a wooden bridge was built and from 1319 a gate protected by a tower on the Spandau side. The Charlottenstraße led to the reinforced Ströhsower Thor , in 1812 it was called the Charlottenburger Thor . In 1864/1865 the wooden bridge was renewed, in 1886 a hinged multi-part arch bridge and 1926–1929 the existing Charlottenbrücke was built.

The Stresow belongs in the structure of the living-world-oriented spaces (LOR in urban planning) to the district region 050103 Spandau-Mitte and within it, with the commercially emphasized east, to the planning area 39 Freiheit. The residential development in western Stresow belongs to planning area 14 Carl-Schurz-Straße. The Stresow extends in the south (actually and in contrast to the current district structure) into the district of Wilhelmstadt . The Stresow settlement Heidereuterstraße in Wilhelmstadt lies through the suburbs along the Ruhlebener Straße. As part of the urban planning classification, the Stresow belongs to the statistical area 30 (Charlottenburger Chaussee) and it is in the postal code area 13597.

  • Historical maps

  • Original table sheet 3445, around 1835

  • Straubes special map from 1904

  • Spandau city map from 1913

history

Stresow with the Gertraudenkirche (left) in front of the cityscape of Spandau on the Merian-Stich (1633)

The Stresow was in the area of ​​the Slavic complex on the Behnitz , the castle served to secure the trade route that crossed the Havel to Stresow. Already before 1330 there was an arable farmer and vegetable gardener village east of the Havel (in the south of the Spree ) on the Stresow . “In 1584, Elector Johann Georg settled the disputes over the courts that had arisen between the council and the Spandau office; among other things, hooves , gardens and fields in front of the 'Stresowischer Thore uff dem Stresow' were named. ”The island separated by the snake ditch was inhabited, the meadows and“ Freedom ”were to the east. Objects from the Stone Age and the Bronze Age were found on site, the "Hortschatz vom Stresow". The place may have been inhabited earlier than the area in the area of ​​the first castle complex.

According to the Merian engraving from 1633, the old Gertrauden Church stands - possibly in an idealized representation - on the Stresow, to which the Gertrauden Hospital, an infirmary , also belonged. In 1464 a chaplain was employed at this chapel , in 1515 the commander was transferred to the St. Nikolai Church because the benefice was insufficient to maintain an own clergyman. In the 17th century the priests held services at St. Nikolai in the Gertraudenkapelle. On April 27, 1640, Elector Georg Wilhelm ordered the demolition of the Gertrauden Church due to the reorganization of the fortifications, the church tower in enemy hands would have provided insight into and fire into the fortress. In 1604, Countess Lynar donated a wooden altar for the church, possibly a scaled-down replica of the altar retable in the Nikolaikirche . This altar was placed in the Moritzkirche after the demolition .

The Stresower had the citizenship of Spandau. The Stresow has been connected to the old town of Spandau (probably already) since the 14th century with the Stresow bridge over the Havel. The country post route to the Teltow led across it. It was named Charlottenbrücke in 1747 at the instigation of the Prince of Prussia. A new wooden building followed from 1864 to 1865, and there was a raft connection during construction. . Since 1722 the connection over the Stresow led to Charlottenburg and Berlin , while the old connection from the Berliner Tor of the city fortress Spandau over the Jungfernheide was closed to public long-distance traffic for several years for military reasons. “Shipbuilding sites have been located on the flat banks of the Stresow since 1790. The Heydereiterey on Eichelberg was the location of the Heidereiter, who controlled the Heyde and forests around Spandau - later they became the foresters. "After the invasion of Napoleonic troops, the Stresow was fortified with four large earthworks in 1811 (Burgwall-Schanze, Garten-Schanze, Brücken-Schanze and the Vorder Schanze, where the railway later crossed the Schlangengraben).

War memorial on the plantation around 1900

On the instructions of Prince August Wilhelm, a parade ground for the Spandau garrison was built near the Havel in 1751. The Spandau magistrate had to plant it with linden trees, linden trees also came to the churchyard, which was shortened for the street. The foundations of the Gertrauden Church have been excavated. Recorded on Urmes table sheet 3445 as "Meadows behind the gardens". With the development plan, this place was given its name Plantage ( French for planting ), which is based on the linden plants.

In 1832 the Elsgraben was converted into a canal and received a parapet to protect the land on the Spree from flooding. The traffic routing in the 19th century was from the (Charlotten-) Brücke to Stresowstrasse and across Stresowplatz and Grunewaldstrasse. At the corner of Heidereiterei on the eastern bank of the Havel, the road to Tiefwerder (Tiefwerderstraße) led south, from there 600 meters to the east at the Wirtshaus zur Grünen Linde and around the meadows at the Faulen See the land route led to Teltower Schanze and Murellenberg ( Havelchaussee ). To the east, the Chaussee led past the Ruhleben works and the Spandauer Spitze to Charlottenburg ( Spandauer Damm ). The old trunk road to Berlin over the Jungfernheide was banned by royal order in 1722 in order to promote the importance of Charlottenburg as a traffic.

Industrial complex Spandau-Stresow 1869 with rifle factory, gun foundry, powder factory, ammunition factory, artillery workshop

On and on the Stresow (the Schlangengraben was canalised) the gun foundry was built in 1855, from 1862 the gun boring machine with the artillery workshop, the ignition mirror factory, the cartridge and bullet factory, plus the old powder factory. From 1722 to 1918 Stresow was an important location for Prussian and Reich German arms production. The nucleus was the Royal Prussian Rifle Factory Potsdam- Spandau, which was founded as a manufacture by Friedrich Wilhelm I , the soldier king , in 1722 . In 1850, production in Potsdam was given up and production in Spandau expanded into a modern armaments factory. After the settlement of further weapons technology companies and army workshops, the Stresower complex was considered the most important employer in Spandau. 1897 The workforce included 7,600 workers with a total population of 55,800 in Spandau. According to the Versailles Treaty, the barracks were cleared and all military factories shut down, leaving over 60,000 people unemployed.

In 1859 the Johannisloge "Victor zum golden Hammer" reactivated in Spandau (founded in Delitzsch in 1823, after Lieutenant General Wilhelm Ludwig Victor Count Henckel von Donnersmarck ). In 1866 she built her box house on the Stresow near the train station.

The industrial plants were developed on the Stresow between 1913 and 1928, and the army workshops were expanded considerably during the First World War . In the last year of the war (1918), 90,000 to 130,000 people are said to have worked, 50,000 of them women. The machines used to manufacture arms and ammunition were dismantled under the control of French officers and officials. What was left was taken over by the newly founded Deutsche- (Industrie) -Werke AG and converted to peace production.

Stresow barracks

The garrison and fortress Spandau stationed more and more soldiers. Forced accommodation in the town houses was replaced by barracks in the second half of the 19th century. The Stresow barracks I was built from 1860 to 1862 by the Prussian military administration "on the Stresow". The design could come from August Stüler , the execution is attributed to Ferdinand Fleischinger . The Prussian state had acquired over nine acres of land for 8,520  thalers for the barracks on the Stresow , a total cost of around 266,095 thalers. The barracks had their guard (at the level crossing), two latrine buildings, a horse stable and a shed with fuel to heat the barracks tiled stoves. As early as 1865, the front of the central tower was rebuilt to create an officers' dining establishment. The hall was entered through two tall double doors and on the side walls there was a large fireplace near the first columns. Opposite the hall was probably the kitchen wing. Since then, two huge round arched windows with a balcony door of the same height and shape have been framed by three Romanesque round arches and adorn the front of the central tower. The cast-iron balcony, no longer in existence, formed a roof for the main barracks portal. Presumably the emperor took away the troops marching by when he planned or unexpectedly paid a visit to his garrison in Spandau.

Barracks of the Guard Foot Artillery Regiment 1913

From 1862 the 4th Guards Regiment (from 1893 to Moabit ) was stationed on foot, followed from 1893 to 1897 by the "Queen Augusta Guards Grenadier Regiment No. 4" from Koblenz in the Stresow barracks. When it was moved to Berlin, the Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 5 was stationed in Stresow until shortly after the end of the First World War (March 1919). Troops protecting the army workshops were always there. A large part of the German nobility lived in the officers' apartments on the Stresow. In Spandau there were a disproportionately large number of barbers , cigar and tobacco dealers and of course restaurateurs . “From the 1880s, the first stately tenement houses were built in the Stresowplatz, Auf der Plantage and Grunewaldstrasse area, where officers and technicians now lived with their families. Many of the preserved houses are under monument protection. "

In front of Stresow Barracks I was Wallstrasse , which led to the ramparts in front of the Schlangengraben. The later address at the front of the building was Grunewaldstrasse 8. Behind the barracks to the rail area of ​​the train station was the parade ground, around which further outbuildings were built. There was a pedestrian bridge guarded from the side of the barracks from the parade ground to the station square for the unhindered passage of the railway. The barracks area with all ancillary facilities was then called "Kaserne am Schlangengraben", "Kaserne am Bahnhof" or "Bahnhof-Kaserne". The military use of the Stresow-Kaserne I ended in January 1919 with the formation of the "Volunteer Battalion Spandau" (from March 1919: "Voluntary Guard Grenadier Battalion"), which was relocated to the "Grenzschutz Ost" in Kolberg .

The smaller Stresow Barracks II , completed in 1871, was located at Stresowplatz 5. It was partially used as a residential building after the First World War. At the same time it remained with the Reich and served public purposes, temporarily for the land registry offices I and II and the tax office of Spandau was housed. The barracks burned down completely after a bomb attack and was only blown up and cleared in 1957.

Practically with the incorporation of Spandau, the Stresow barracks I and the barracks outbuilding were converted into a tenement house. The large tenement house (formerly: Stresow barracks) at Grunewaldstrasse 8 belonged to the city of Berlin (Spandau tax office). From 1935/1936 the property passed to the Reich. The great housing shortage after 1945 was also caused by the influx of displaced people from eastern regions and displaced craftsman families found a new home in the Stresow barracks. Around "7000 colonists" were settled in newly created allotment garden accommodations.

The existing grounds of the Stresow barracks (more precisely to the south) are used by the Ernst Ludwig Heim primary school, which was built on the site of the Schlangengraben colony. The original street layout here has been repealed and replaced by the wide street of Ruhlebener Straße. Grunewaldstrasse bends at right angles approximately in the train of Grenadierstrasse. The building of the barracks is addressed as Grenadierstrasse 13–16 (consecutive). Grenadierstrasse runs through the railway line to Stresowstrasse, to Freiheit and Schürstrasse and Stresowplatz, property 8-12 is a commercial wasteland, previously the parcel delivery service from post office 20 was located here. Remember the barracks: the Kasernenweg and Am alten Weg, der no longer crosses the railway, but leads from Am Bahndamm to Pichelswerder Straße. The former goes to KGA Schlangengraben and is called Festplatzweg there.

By Royal Cabinet Order in 1855 the "rifle examination commission" was set to Spandau and in 1861 to the Königl. Structured military shooting school. Then a barracks was built in front of the school, the first building in 1876, two more followed in 1880 and the box building in 1889.

Stresow train station

In 1846 the Berlin-Hamburg railway company built the "Hamburger Bahnhof" on the Stresow. He would not have been allowed inside the city fortress. The total cost of eight million Thalers was covered by shares, construction began on May 6, 1844. The nine-hour maiden voyage from Berlin to Hamburg took place on December 15, 1846. From 1891 there was an imperial platform with the Kaiser pavilion, its own reception building Nordic style. The railway facilities of the local situation Ruhleben lying freight station Ruhleben developed for Spandau businesses increasingly at the Hamburg train east to the Hamburger Bahnhof. The Ruhleben emigration station was set up between 1891 and 1914 as a transit and control station for emigrants . In order to free Berlin's urban railway stations and the Hamburg railway from people passing through from the east, the location outside of what was then Berlin's urban area was favorable. In addition, the Ruhleben railway site was outside the urban district of Spandau in the district of Teltow .

Until the opening of the new Spandau main station with ICE connection in 1997 diagonally across from the district's town hall , the “Spandau main station” was located in Stresow, east of the Havel. After the renovations, it will only be used by the S-Bahn under the name Berlin-Stresow .

Around 1900 the Stresow was opened up by the Spandau tram (meter gauge). From 1892 the P line ran from the main train station to the market, and from 1894 it was extended to Pichelsdorf through Pichelsdorfer Straße. In the direction of the old town, line F (from 1892: Fehrbelliner Tor) began at the main train station (via Stresowplatz), and from 1901 St (Stadtpark) and J (Johannesstift station) via Schönwalder Straße. From 1896 the S line went to the Schützenhaus and from 1904 line H to Hakenfelde. From 1906 line B ran between Stresowplatz and the Spandauer Bock with a connection to Berlin-Charlottenburger Strasse. The 1919 route plan shows the Spandau tram with line 2 Spandau Hbf - Stadtpark and line 4 Spandau Hbf - Pichelsdorf, which were set up in these routes on July 29, 1917.

Noteworthy is the Berlin-Lehrter Bahn , which ran through the south of the Stresow. Before 1900 there was the Lehrter Bahnhof in Spandau on this route . When passenger traffic was relocated to the Hamburg Railway, this route was still used for freight traffic.

Current situation

The development of industry and commerce east of Spandau changed the eastern edge of the village significantly. After the First World War , the Versailles Treaty drastically restricted arms production. The Stresower armaments factories became part of the newly created Deutsche Werke AG , whose operations now produced for civilian needs. The remains of the Spandau gun and powder factory, which once dominated the whole of Stresow, is a "fillet property" for building developers and real estate planners. The Spandau district wanted to create a large event hall. According to unconfirmed information, the site is privately owned and the owners only rent storage space there.

Reduit seen from the street

“There are tall trees in the immediate vicinity of the Stresow barracks. In front of the Stresow barracks and the school building, a small park leads to the allotment garden colony 'Am Schlangengraben'. Opposite, behind a narrow park, lies the large allotment garden colony 'Burgwall-Schanze' with the old confluence of the rest of the Schlangengraben into the Havel and the preserved and inhabited reduit of the Burgwall-Schanze , addressed as Ruhlebener Straße 205. Since 1947, Stresowstraße has comprised Brückenstraße in the north , the course on Stresowplatz and south of the former Bahnhofstraße . During the time of National Socialism between 1937 and 1947 this tour from the old town to the train station was named Schlemmingerstaße . In the 1970s, the intersection area on Klosterstrasse was redesigned with Brunsbüttler Damm / Ruhlebener Strasse, and the (main) traffic routing has been via the south of Stresow ever since. The parish center of the Petruskirche in Grunewaldstrasse 7, which was built in 1964/1965, should be noted. The turning Grunewaldstraße was led around the property when the main road Spandau – Charlottenburg was laid in Ruhlebener Straße.

The existing green areas are

  • Spandau district, Stresow
    • Stresowpark: 7000 m², between Havel, Obermeierweg and Stresowstraße (shipbuilder Hege)
    • Plantation: 2500 m², between the built-up road ring
    • KGA Schlangengraben: 5.3  ha , between Pichelswerderstrasse, Tiefwerder substation, Ernst Ludwig Heim school, railway system
    • Green strip (formerly) Grunewaldstrasse: 8700 m², between Ernst-Ludwig-Heim-Schule and Ruhlebener Strasse
    • KGA Burgwallschanze: 6.9 ha, between the Havel, Ruhlebener Strasse and Schlangengraben
    • KGA Ruhlebener Strasse: 3200 m², Ruhlebener Strasse 201
    • KGA Tiefwerder Weg: 1.1 ha, Tiefwerder Weg 1 and 2
    • KGA Unterhavel-Wilhelmstadt: 6750 m², at Oberhafen 10, at an angle to Tiefwerderweg
  • Wilhelmstadt district (the Stresow location borders on Tiefwerder to the south without a defined fixation, above the Stresow)
    • Fredy-Stach-Sportpark: 4.9 ha, south of Schulenburg- / Ruhlebener Straße ( Elsgraben )
    • Freedom meadows (in the northwestern section, formerly small freedom meadows)

Buildings and monuments

View over Stresowplatz in 1915 to the west

Stresow was run as a village by the office and the elector, it was separated from Spandau, its residents were kossaeans and engaged in gardening and agriculture. In 1386 there were 29 houses, in 1429 “the council's brick barn”, in 1433 the Stresow Bridge and in 1462 the Gertrauden Hospital is mentioned for the first time. From military-technical reasons, to 3000 on the orders of the Elector  Taler prized Gertraud Church, Council brick barn, the Schustergerbehaus and ten houses demolished. In 1728 the Stresow had 43 narrow and small residential buildings, also behind the Schlangengraben. When the monastery forecourt burned on May 17, 1730, flying sparks over the Havel “laid twenty yards in ashes”. In 1744 the “suburb on the Stresow” had 38 residents, “whose houses were roofed with cane”. In 1790 there are 46 farms, on March 4, 1813 those east of the snake trench were burned down by the French to secure the fortification. These farmsteads were relocated to the “Rétablissement Spandaus” on the way to Pichelsdorf and newly laid out. Around 1880 the Stresow owned 73 (residential) houses.

“From the 1880s, the first stately tenement houses were built in the Stresowplatz, Auf der Plantage and Grunewaldstrasse area, where officers and technicians now lived with their families. Many of the preserved houses are under monument protection. ”The southern Stresow, the plantation, was provided with gardens; the eagle column was erected here on September 2, 1876 in memory of the Spandau residents who fell in the wars of 1864, 1866 and 1870/1871 .

The following Stresower houses and buildings are included in the list of monuments at the end of the 2010s, further information in the list of cultural monuments in Berlin-Spandau :

  • Apartment building at Grunewaldstrasse 3, built before 1898
  • Apartment building at Grunewaldstrasse 4, built before 1898
  • Tenement building at Grunewaldstrasse 5, built around 1900
  • Tenement building at Grunewaldstrasse 5a, built around 1900
  • Tenement house and rear building at Grunewaldstrasse 10/11, built before 1900
  • Tenement building at Grunewaldstrasse 12, built 1902–1903
  • Stresow barracks I and barracks at Schlangengraben, built 1860–1862
  • Residential building group Plantage 8, 9, 9a, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 Gasse zur Havel
    • Apartment building Plantage 8 Gasse zur Havel, built in 1860/1869
    • Tenement Plantage 9 Gasse zur Havel, built in 1880/1889
    • Residential building and tenement at Plantage 9a Gasse zur Havel, built after 1850
    • Tenement house Plantage 10, 11, built in 1900
    • Plantation 12 apartment building, built in 1876/1900
    • Apartment building, side wing Plantage 13, built in 1860/1869 and before 1898
    • Residential building, front building, Plantage 14 apartment building, built before 1859
    • Residential building, rear building, garden house and apartment building Plantage 14, built around 1895
    • Apartment building, factory building, side wing Plantage 15, built around 1870
    • Plantage 16 apartment building, built around 1890
    • Tenement house, stable and shed at Plantation 17, built in 1888
  • Artillery workshop building and timber houses Am Schlangengraben 9a – 9d, built 1862–1868
  • Factory, administration building Am Schlangengraben 9, built around 1940
  • Apartment building Schürstrasse 14, built in 1890/1899
  • Apartment building, Remise Schürstrasse 15, built in 1890/1899
  • Drilling workshop of the Spandau gun foundry, Obermeierweg 18, built 1871–1874
  • "Reduit der Burgwall-Schanze" and Fritz-Haak-Kaffee-Großrösterei, Ruhlebener Straße 205, built around 1860, remodeled in 1903 and 1920/1929

literature

  • Hans Weil: The Stresow barracks in Spandau . Berlin 2013. With extensive images and maps, as well as quotations on Stresow.
  • Ralf Schmiedecke: Spandau in old pictures . Sutton-Verlag, Erfurt 2016.
  • O. Kuntzemüller: Documented history of the city and fortress Spandau . Magistrat der Stadt, Spandau 1881, B Die Vorstädte a. Stresow pp. 15–18, limited preview in Google Book search

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The Spreelauf was changed in the 20th century to the north and northeast of the Stresow, for example the Ruhleben Altarm remains.
  2. ↑ Freedom belonged to the open land of the Benedictine nunnery of St. Marien, founded in 1239, and remained a separate part of the Stresow for a long time.
  3. ^ Province of Brandenburg, administrative region of Potsdam
  4. ↑ Spandau district
  5. ^ Stresow on the Great Transport Plan for Berlin and its suburbs in 1907 (supplement to the address book)
  6. ↑ With a resolution of June 3, 2004, the Berlin House of Representatives gave the Senate the task of “standardizing planning regions for specialist planning in Berlin”. The new living environment-oriented spatial hierarchy should be usable across departments, districts and the whole city.
  7. ↑ Am Schlangengraben, An den Freiheitswiesen, partly on Charlottenburger Chaussee, Freiheit, Gewerbehof, Heidereuterstraße 17–40, Hempelsteig only No. 2, Klärwerkstraße, Obermeierweg Nordost 16–18, Pichelswerderstraße only No. 1–15, Ruhlebener Straße only No. 1a, 17–21 and 201–205, Schürstrasse east side // to the planning area but not to Stresow: Eastern section of freedom with numbers 16–44 (consecutive), Sophienwerderweg, Spandauer Damm only numbers 274 and 280, Stendelweg only number 2a, Werkring , Wiesendamm (except No. 4, 12 and 15 to Westend)
  8. ↑ The Stresower part of planning area 14 includes by definition only the area east of the Havel with Grenadierstrasse, Grunewaldstrasse, Heidereuterstrasse only north numbers 30–42, Obermeierweg numbers 2–8, Plantage, Ruhlebener Strasse only number 1a corner of Heidereuterstrasse, Schürstrasse west side numbers 9–17, Stresowplatz and Stresowstrasse
  9. ↑ Berlin spatial references : “The spatial reference system of living-world-oriented spaces has replaced the spatial reference system of statistical areas / traffic cells for socio-spatial planning purposes. However, both systems will continue to be updated to ensure comparability over long periods of time. "
  10. ↑ also: City map of Berlin 1907 under detail on Stresow
  11. ^ AG Altstadt Spandau
  12. ↑ Already in 1161 and 1168 it is mentioned in documents as "strata publica".
  13. ↑ a b Stresowplatz . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, IV., P. 1395. "← Brückenstraße → Mietshäuser 1–4, Nr. 5: Owner: City of Berlin, Tenant: Upholstered furniture factory, reversible shoe factory, hairdresser, auxiliary tax officer, tax observer, tax inspector, Criminal secretary, pensioner // 6, 7, 8 tenement houses, → pedestrian bridge after the Stabholzgarten → → Hamburg-Lehrter Railway → ← Plantation → → Hamburg-Lehrter Railway → → pedestrian path to freedom → 9/10: Fabigs Erben, 11, 11a, 12, 13, 14/15, 16, 16a, 17 (also: Bahnhofstrasse 1), ← Bahnhofstrasse → 18: tenement house, 19: innkeeper Haak, 20: tenement house, ← Brückenstrasse → “.
  14. ^ Günter Mangelsdorf: The local devastation of the Havelland . Walter de Gruyter, Berlin 1994, ISBN 3-11-014086-1 .
  15. ↑ Franz Kohstall: history of the Catholic parish Spandau. Spandau 1924, p. 17.
  16. ^ Gunther Jahn: The buildings and art monuments of Berlin. City and district of Spandau. Berlin 1971, p. 191.
  17. ^ Rainer Fliegner: Spandau - history and stories . Erfurt 2007, Sutton Verlag, ISBN 9783866801226 .
  18. ↑ The bridge was owned by a bridge keeper paid by Spandau, who had to ensure that ships could pass on the Havel. Around 1900 the innkeeper Quast had this job. He had his pub on the Lindenufer.
  19. ↑ The traffic should no longer lead past the citadel and the rifle factory.
  20. ↑ a b c d e Hans Weil: The Stresow barracks in Spandau . Berlin 2013.
  21. ↑ Plantation. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near  Kaupert )
  22. ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . Bibliographical Institute, Leipzig / Vienna 1897, p. 138
  23. ↑ Great State Lodge of the Freemasons of Germany
  24. ↑ Postmark Spandau 1 - 15.6.13 // Text in the picture: Stresowplatz, right at the train station / you can visit me Stube 51 +++ // Text on the back: “I'm sure I'll be out in Cöpenick tomorrow. Be there before 4am. Don't come out of the barracks before 2 a.m. I'm here, quartered. "
  25. ↑ a b Berlin monument map: Stresow
  26. ↑ Stresowplatz 5 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1193. "E (owner) Reichsfiskus, V (Erwalter) Reichs Vermögensamt Spandau, nine tenants" (tenants: tax sergeant, military, telegraph candidate, magistrate assistant, police, assistant, lathe operator, Caretaker, leather furniture company).
  27. ↑ a b Location on city map
    * 1936: Plan of Berlin. Sheet 4256 from 1936 ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive )     Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , under keyword Stresowplatz * 2017: Map of Berlin 1: 5000: Land at Stresowplatz currently @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / histomapberlin.de
  28. ↑ Grunewaldstrasse 8 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1168. “Former. Grenadier barracks, E (igentowner): Reichs Vermögensamt (Spandau), tenants: two Pol.Ob.Wachtmstrasse, magistrate assistant, station attendant, two security officers, bank clerk, cashier, civil servant candidate, caretaker, canteen manager, unskilled laborer, sergeant "(Grenadierstrasse not specified. ).
  29. ↑ Grunewaldstrasse 8 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, IV., P. 1365. “Construction sites, number 8: s. a. former Grenadierkaserne Grenadierstrasse, E (owner) City of Berlin, V (Erwalter) Finanzamt Spandau, 65 tenants ← Grenadierstrasse → “(Grenadiestrasse: ← Grunewaldstrasse → barracks of the former Guard Gren. Regts. No. 5, see also Grunewaldstrasse 8, E ( owner): Treasury, 21 tenants ← Railway → ← Freedom → ← Railway → Construction sites ← Grunewaldstrasse →).
  30. ↑ Grunewaldstrasse 8 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1936, IV., P. 1201. “House 8: s. a. Grenadierkaserne Grenadierstraße, E (owner) German Reich, V (Erwalter) Reichsfinanzverwaltung, 87 tenants, ← Grenadierstraße → “(Grenadierstraße: ← Grunewaldstraße → barracks of the former Guard Gren. Regts. No. 5 ← Railway → ← Freedom → ← Railway → Construction sites ← Grunewaldstrasse →).
  31. ↑ Grunewaldstrasse 8 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1943, IV., P. 1221. “← Charlottenburger Tor → Laubengelände, Küntzel'sches Haus, gas station, house number 8: Former. Grenadier barracks: E (owner): German Reich, V (administrator): Reich finance administration, 103 tenants; ← Grenadierstrasse → “.
  32. ↑ Welcome to our school homepage
  33. ↑ For the southern Stresow see plan of Berlin. Sheet 4256 ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. from 1936 to 1992, as well as a map of Berlin 1: 5000: Stresow south of the railway line @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / histomapberlin.de
  34. ↑ Heidereuterstraße to the south-east already delimits Tiefwerder in the Wilhelmstadt district, which includes road land and southern properties.
  35. ^ Plan of Berlin. Sheet 4256 / 425B ( Memento of the original dated November 9, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. from the years from 1936, location with keyword 'S-Bhf. Find Stresow '. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / histomapberlin.de
  36. ↑ This DPS (= Spandau tram) on tram line directory in 1904 with stand April 4, 1904
  37. ↑ Line directory 1919 as of September 20, 1919 . Further route plans up to the present can be found on berliner-linienchronik.de.
  38. ^ Meyers Lexikon , Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1925, Sp. 682/683
  39. ^ Deutsche Werke Aktiengesellschaft . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, I., p. 508.
  40. ↑ Olaf Lezinsky: Dornrößchenschloß gun factory at Stresow in Spandau . In: Berliner Woche , October 20, 2017
  41. ↑ Burgwallschanze . District Office Spandau of Berlin. After Spandau was expanded into a fortress town in the Thirty Years War (1618–1648), another important stage in the development of fortress construction began in the mid-19th century, when the Prussian state relocated its armaments industry to the Havel town and needed new fortifications to secure it. An extensive bastionary fortification was created with upstream entrenchments, which also enclosed the suburbs.
  42. ↑ In 1998 the "Atelier Burgwallschanze" was founded in the Reduit . The Gehrmann family initiated the promotion of young artists. According to press release of August 25, 2010
  43. ↑ Gerhard Schlemminger (1913–1933), supporter of the Nazi movement, who died in 1933 when the SA attacked the workers' bar at Am Brückenkopf. Schlemmingerstrasse . In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein
  44. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Grunewaldstrasse 3 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1167.
  45. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Grunewaldstrasse 4 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1168.
  46. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Grunewaldstrasse 5 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1168.
  47. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Grunewaldstrasse 5a . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1168.
  48. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Grunewaldstrasse 10/11 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1168.
  49. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Grunewaldstrasse 12 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1168.
  50. ↑ August Ferdinand Fleischinger , Grunewaldstrasse 5b, 6, 7 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1168.
  51. ↑ City square plantation
  52. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 8 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  53. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 9 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  54. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 9a . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  55. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 10.11 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  56. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 12 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  57. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 13 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  58. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 14 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  59. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 14 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  60. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 15 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  61. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 16 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  62. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Plantation 17 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1184.
  63. ↑ Map of Berlin 1: 5000: Am Schlangengraben vs. Freedom , also Histomapberlin.de
  64. ↑ Reconstruction in 1917, client: Prussian military treasury , Freiheit 1–7 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1165.
  65. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Freiheit 4, 5–7 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1943, IV., P. 12175.
  66. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Schürstrasse 14 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1189.
  67. ↑ Entry in the Berlin State Monument List , Schürstrasse 15 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1189.
  68. ↑ The road was laid out in 1853 near the gun foundry. In 1932, combined with Kanonierstraße, it was named Obermeierweg.
  69. ↑ Spandau-Stresow: Part of the new drilling workshop of the Spandau gun foundry with fencing, rebuilt in 1915 and 1943–1944 , Kanonierstraße . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1172., Artilleriestraße . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1922, IV., P. 1158.
  70. ↑ The client was the Prussian military administration (administration) , overview map . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1925, IV., P. 1286.

Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 56.6 "  N , 13 ° 12 ′ 33.8"  E