Mute (mining company)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Coat of arms of those of Stumm

The Stumm family , with their main representative Carl Ferdinand von Stumm-Halberg, is one of the most important industrial dynasties in the coal and steel industry in southwest Germany. In five generations, during the proto-industrialization in the 18th century and in the time of the industrial revolution and high industrialization in the 19th century, they operated or built more than twenty iron hammers and ironworks . The family came from the Hunsrück , where most of the works can be found. As with the important organ builder family Stumm , the origins of the family lie in the town of Rhaunensulzbach .

Well-known representatives

First generation

The first generation is based in Hammer Birkenfeld. Its heyday is in the first half of the 18th century. Your representative is:

  • Johann Nicolaus Stumm (1669–1742)

List of works

year place business image proportion of sale Remarks
1714 Showers Hammer Birkenfeld first Stummscher iron hammer
1720 Showers Melt Birkenfeld first silent iron melt
1738 Sensweiler Steel factory

Second generation

The second generation is based in Asbacherhütte , later in Abentheuer . Its heyday is in the middle of the 18th century. Representative:

  • Johann Nicolaus Stumm (1694–1769)
  • Johann Heinrich Stumm (1710–1783)
  • Johann Friedrich Stumm (1716–1791)

List of works

year place business image proportion of sale Remarks
1743 Asbach Molten iron
1746 Veldenz Mining and steel works together with brother-in-law Johann Franz König
1747 Throne corners Iron and copper smelting in the Röderbachtal, immediately shut down
1758 Cat hole Katzenlocher hammer
1762 Neunkirchen (Saar) Neunkirchen ironworks Applying as a tenant on the occasion of a new lease was unsuccessful, as the lease of the previous tenants of Stockum and Sons in Frankfurt was extended
1763 Adventure Adventurer's hut

Third generation

The third generation of the family. Its heyday extends into the early 19th century. In 1802 Friedrich Philipp Stumm moved to Saarbrücken and in 1806 founded the mining company Gebrüder Stumm in association with his brothers in Saarbrücken . Your representatives are:

  • Friedrich Philipp Stumm

  • Tomb of the Christian Philipp Stumm family

  • Coat of arms of the Christian Philipp Stumm family

List of works

year place business image proportion of sale Remarks
1785 Spa bridges Graefenbacher Hut
1790 Weiperath Weiperather Hammer Shut down in 1817/18
1793 Weitersbach Weitersbacher Hut
1802 Allenbach Allenbacher hammer
1806 Neunkirchen (Saar) Neunkirchen ironworks 1920
1809 Brebach Halberger Hut 50% 1860
1809 Fischbach Fischbacher melt 50% 1860
1817 Dillingen Dillinger Hut 40%
Bettingen Bettinger ironworks
1725 Münchweiler Münchweiler ironworks Closed in 1868
1827 Geislautern Geislautern ironworks 1827 to the Dillinger Hütte

Fourth generation

In the first half of the 19th century England provided the impetus for the industrial revolution . Carl Friedrich Stumm recognized the importance of hard coal and the railway for the future of the iron and steel industry. As a result, the blast furnaces were converted to coke and the production of railroad tracks began. Representatives of the fourth generation are:

  • Heinrich Böcking (1785–1862), Mayor of Saarbrücken, married Charlotte Henriette Stumm in 1809
  • Carl Friedrich Stumm (1798–1848), married Marie Luise Böcking in 1834. In 1839 the family moved from Saarbrücken to the newly built mansion on Saarbrücker Strasse in Neunkirchen (destroyed in 1945). In 1845 Carl Friedrich Stumm had an approx. 4 m high cast iron neo-Gothic stele erected in the park of the manor house on a peninsula by the Hammerweiher. It is reminiscent of the Stumm brothers and lists the iron hammers and ironworks operated by the Stumm ancestors between 1714 and 1845. The stele bears the following inscriptions on its four sides:
    • "Consecrated to the ancestors in love and gratitude by the son and nephew Carl Friedrich Stumm in 1845"
    • “The brothers Stumm Friedrich Philipp geb. 1751 died 1835. Christian Philipp born. 1760 died 1826. Johann Ferdinand born. 1784 died 1839 "
    • "Hammer-Birkenfeld, Asbach, Katzenloch, Abentheuer, Graefenbach, Weiprath, Weitersbach, Neunkirchen"
    • "Halberg, Fischbach, Dillingen, Bettingen, Münchweiler, Geislautern"

  • Carl Friedrich Stumm's memorial stele in Neunkirchen, Lindenallee

  • Carl Friedrich Stumm's grave stele in Neunkirchen, Sinnerthaler Weg

Fifth generation

In the second half of the 19th century, the Stumms were among the richest and most influential industrialists in Germany. Ennobled in 1888, the three brothers were silent representative palaces in the style of historicism build ( Schloss Halberg , Rauischholzhausen Castle , Castle Ramholz ) and donated churches (Christ Church in Neunkirchen (Saar), Church in Rauischholzhausen) and non-profit institutions. Fifth generation representatives are:

List of works

year place business image proportion of sale Remarks
1891 Ueckingen Blast furnace plant 1920 for the pig iron supply of the Neunkircher Hütte

Sixth generation

The 6th generation is shaped by the upheavals of the time. After the death of Carl Ferdinand von Stumm-Halberg in 1901, the limited partnership was converted into a GmbH in 1903 . Due to the French interventions after 1918 (compulsory administration and expropriation of the Ueckingen plant, majority stake in the Neunkircher ironworks), the Stumm brothers relocated their business activities from the Saar region to the Ruhr region .

After the Second World War , the group diversified beyond the primary stage of coal and steel, but lost due to failed crude oil speculations and despite falsification of the balance sheet on October 25, 1974 with around 14,000 employees, 1.7 billion German marks in sales, more than 240 million German marks in losses 300 million German marks in bankruptcy debt.

coat of arms

The family's coat of arms from 1815 shows an ascending, curved silver tip in red. On the helmet with red and silver covers a marble pillar shaft, equipped on both sides with an overturned golden hunting horn , in its cavity a red ball.

literature

  • Richard van Dülmen, Joachim Jacob (ed.): Stumm in Neunkirchen. Entrepreneurship and working-class life in the 19th century, pictures and sketches from an industrial community. St. Ingbert 1993.
  • Walter Petto: merchants, entrepreneurs, civil servants, officers. In: Christof Trepesch (ed.): Culture of the Biedermeier. The painter Louis Krevel. Wernersche Verlags-Gesellschaft, Worms 2001, ISBN 3-88462-175-0 , pp. 115–128.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon. Volume XIV, Volume 131 of the complete series, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 2003, ISSN  0435-2408 , p. 243.
  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses 1893. Forty-third year. P.927ff

Web links

Commons : Stumm (Montanunternehmer)  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Heimatverein Weiperath eV: Pictures around the Eisenhammer ( Memento of the original from March 25, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.weiperath.de
  2. ^ Neunkirchen (Saar), Lindenallee, inscriptions attached to the memorial stele.
  3. ↑ The king's weary heirs . In: The time . No. 45/1974.
  4. ↑ Martin Carl Wilhelm von Wölckern : Descriptions of all coats of arms of the princely, counts, baronial and ... Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1829, p. 53 ( coat of arms No. 46 )
  5. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels, Adelslexikon. Volume XIV, Limburg (Lahn) 2003, p. 243.