Rauch (noble family)

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Coat of arms of those of Rauch

Rauch is the name of a noble Prussian family that goes back to Major General Bonaventura von Rauch .

history

The noble Prussian family Rauch begins with Major General Bonaventura von Rauch (1740–1814).

The ancestor of the Prussian Rauch grew up as an orphan in the Upper Bavarian Peterskirchen near Altötting , in Straubing , Dresden and Bayreuth . In 1756, Duke Karl I of Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel took him into his service, first as a page and later as an engineer officer. On the recommendation of Field Marshal Duke Ferdinand von Braunschweig and with personal instructions from King Frederick the Great , Bonaventure von Rauch joined the Prussian army in 1777. Since then, he and his descendants carry the title of nobility without objection. In 1857 and 1879 the brothers Adalbert von Rauch, kk Oberleutnant, and Franz von Rauch, kk Rittmeister i. R., the Prussian nobility certificate issued. The Department for Nobility Issues in Berlin confirmed the Prussian Rauch's non-objection to their aristocratic leadership with a resolution of February 5, 1927.

Until the end of the monarchy in Germany, the majority of the sons of the Rauch family served as officers. Bonaventura von Rauch and three of his sons began their military careers in the Prussian engineering corps as the most modern weapon at the time . His two youngest sons Friedrich Wilhelm von Rauch and Albert von Rauch switched to the traditional 1st Guards Regiment on foot . The sons of the following Rauch generations almost exclusively joined the 1st Guard Regiment, the Regiment of the Gardes du Corps , other guard regiments and the traditional regiments of the cavalry. Many officers of the Prussian Rauch were employed in the general staff and rose as generals and colonels in top military posts, above all the army reformer Gustav von Rauch as Prussian war minister and general of the infantry . In memory of this minister and general, the Pioneer Battalion von Rauch (1st Brandenburg) No. 3 received his honorary name. It was stationed in Torgau , later in (Berlin-) Spandau and Brandenburg an der Havel .

Troop flag of the Pioneer Battalion from Rauch (1st Brandenburg) No. 3 in the choir stalls of the St.Katharinenkirche in Brandenburg an der Havel

Following their officer service, a number of sons of the Rauch family worked in leading positions at the court of the Prussian kings and German emperors as well as at the courts of family members of the ruling Hohenzollerns in Berlin, Plön and Karlsruhe . Likewise, many of Rauch's daughters and married wives worked as court ladies at the courts of the Hohenzollern and their family members in Berlin, Potsdam , Schwerin , Neustrelitz , Meiningen and Saint Petersburg . Other female family members were active in the church and social sectors for a long time.

Since 1788 the cities of Berlin and Potsdam have been the center of life for many members of the Rauch family. Minister and General of the Infantry Gustav von Rauch became the 16th honorary citizen of Berlin in 1840 . In 2005, the Senate Department of the State of Berlin rebuilt the Gustav von Rauchs grave of honor in the Invalidenfriedhof .

With the Austro-Hungarian Major Franz von Rauch (1828–1911) and his brother, the Austro-Hungarian Colonel Adalbert von Rauch (1829–1907), a Bohemian branch of the Rauch family was formed. It went out in 1946.

In addition to the Prussian noble family Rauch, there were and still exist a number of other noble families of the same name, such as the von Rauch family from Lippe-Detmold, the von Rauch family from Württemberg (1808), the Russian-Baltic von Rauch family, the de Rauch family who immigrated to France and Great Britain , the Croatian family Rauch von Nyek and in Austria the families Rauch von Montpredil and Rauch von Rauchberg. A tribal or coat of arms relationship among these noble families of the same name has not yet been proven.

Possessions

The Prussian Rauch family had no ancestral possessions.

Franz von Rauch inherited from his mother's younger sister Amélie nee. von Levetzow , Bertha Baroness Mladota von Solopisk born von Levetzow (1808–1839), in Northern Bohemia the Netluk (Pnětluky) estate near Aussig (Ústí nad Labem). A brother Adalbert von Rauch received from the inheritance of his mother's older sister, Ulrike von Levetzow , the Trziblitz (Třebívlice) estate in the Litoměřice district . He and his children secured Ulrike von Levetzow's estate and memories of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's encounters with her and her family. The Trziblitz estate was sold to the city of Brüx ( Most ) in 1901 .

Elisabeth von Storch née von Rauch (1893–1973), daughter of the general of the cavalry Friedrich von Rauch and his first wife Anna née von Behr , inherited the Schmoldow manor near Greifswald from her mother in 1896 . As the owner of Schmoldow, she was expropriated without compensation in 1945.

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Prussian Rauch family shows a golden handle shell in blue. On the helmet with blue and gold covers, the golden handle shell is repeated between open blue flights. The handle bowl can be interpreted as a smoke bowl . Then it would be a talking coat of arms .

  • Coat of arms of the Scheler / Schäler family in Ulm (1605)

  • Coat of arms of Marx Scheler, councilor of Ulm (1742)

  • Coat of arms of Sebastian Scheler (before 1563 – around 1630), councilor of Ravensburg

  • Council medal "Ravenspurg" (1624), with the coat of arms of Sebastian Scheler

  • Coat of arms of Johann Wilhelm von Scheller on Erkheim and Lerchenberg (around 1652-1717)

The Rauch coat of arms essentially corresponds to that of the Scheler family (historically also: Schäler , (von) Scheller (on Erekheimb and Lerchenberg ) and Scheler vom Lerchenberg ), a patrician family who had lived in Ulm since the early 15th century and later also in Ravensburg and Augsburg . The branch of the Scheler von Erkheim (Scheller von Erkheim) also led it in the four-sided coat of arms. The Scheler branch, which in 1727 was granted imperial nobility and later the Württemberg count, led the shield image to a stalked rose, as was the Scheler von Ungershausen branch (Scheller von Unger (s )hausen) as a flower in a ring misunderstood a cord. A tribal relationship between the Rauch and Scheler families has not yet been proven. Whether this is due to the conceptual approach to the "talking coat of arms" (smoke bowl: suitable for Rauch or bowl-peeler-Scheler) only a coincidental resemblance to the coat of arms, or if not, how it was transferred from the Scheler to the Prussian coat of arms Smoke has come has not yet been clarified.

Known family members

  • Major General Bonaventura von Rauch (1740–1814)

  • Minister Gustav von Rauch (1774–1841)

  • General of the cavalry Gustav Waldemar von Rauch (1819–1890)

  • Rosalie Countess von Hohenau, b. von Rauch (1820–1879)

  • Chief stable master Fedor von Rauch (1822-1892)

  • General of the Infantry Albert von Rauch (1829–1901)

  • Colonel Nikolaus von Rauch (1851–1904)

  • Major General Leopold von Rauch (1787–1860)

  • Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm von Rauch (1790–1850)

  • Cavalry General Alfred Bonaventura von Rauch (1824–1900)

  • General of the cavalry Friedrich von Rauch (1855–1935)

  • Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm von Rauch (1827–1907)

Hereditary burial at the Berlin Invalidenfriedhof

  • Honorary grave of Minister and General of the Infantry Gustav von Rauch (2013)

  • Rauch's hereditary burial - donated by King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. (2007)

  • Grave monument for Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm von Rauch, center back aedicula (2013)

  • Grave cross for Amélie von Rauch, daughter of Friedrich Wilhelm and Laurette von Rauch

  • Grave cross for General of the Cavalry Alfred Bonaventura von Rauch (2019)

  • Grave cross for General of the Cavalry Friedrich von Rauch and his wife Amélie, b. by Bülow-Gudow (2019)

  • Grave cross for First Lieutenant Friedrich Wilhelm von Rauch, military governor in the Prinzenhaus Plön (2019)

His younger brother Lieutenant General Friedrich Wilhelm von Rauch, adjutant general of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV and authorized military representative in Saint Petersburg, was buried in front of the grave of honor Gustav von Rauch in Berlin's Invalidenfriedhof . As a foundation of the Prussian King and based on a design by Friedrich August Stüler - possibly with the participation of Friedrich Wilhelm IV - a burial place was created in which, in addition to Friedrich Wilhelm von Rauch, his wife Laurette, née Countess von Moltke from the Wolde family , two of their children and a number of other Rauch's generals and their wives were buried. Between 1850 and 1950, family members from a total of four generations found their final resting place here.

The hereditary burial of the Prussian Rauch, only a few meters away from the former Berlin Wall , has been preserved and was extensively restored after 1990. The graves of other family members in the Berlin Invalidenfriedhof no longer exist.

literature

Archival material

  • Rauch family. The entire offspring of Bonaventura and Johanna von Rauch. Handwritten manuscript by Colonel a. D. Leopold von Rauch, 1945 ( German Aristocratic Archive Marburg)

Web links

Commons : Rauch (noble family)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Diocese of Augsburg: Church of the Assumption of Mary (Erkheim) : parish church
  2. ^ Paul von Stetten : History of the noble families in the free imperial city of Augsburg , Augsburg 1762, p. 304 f. and coats of arms: Tab. XI., 14.A. and 14.B.
  3. ^ Friedrich Cast : Süddeutscher Adelsheros or History and Genealogy , Volume 1, Stuttgart 1844, p. 463 f.
  4. ↑ Foundation Seeau: Scheler of Ungerhausen .
  5. ↑ 100 years of the hospital in Schlüchtern on osthessen-news.de