Svatý Tomáš
| Svatý Tomáš | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Jihočeský kraj | ||||
| District : | Český Krumlov | ||||
| Municipality : | Přední Výtoň | ||||
| Geographic location : | 48 ° 38 ' N , 14 ° 6' E | ||||
| Height: | 994 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 20 (2010) | ||||
| Postal code : | 382 79 | ||||
| License plate : | C. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Frýdava - Svatý Tomáš | ||||
Svatý Tomáš (German St. Thomas ) is a basic settlement unit of the municipality Přední Výtoň in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers southwest of Frymburk near the Austrian border and belongs to the Okres Český Krumlov .
geography
Svatý Tomáš is located on the right side above the Lipno reservoir on the ridge of the Bohemian Forest . The village lies on a saddle surrounded by four thousand meter peaks on the main European watershed ; to the north rises the Vítkův kámen or Svatotomášský vrch ( Castle Hill , 1035 m nm) with the ruins of Vítkův hrádek ( Wittinghausen ), in the east the Velký Plešný ( Großer Pleschen , 1010 m nm) and the Svatý Tomáš ( Kochbartlberg , 1026 m nm) and to the west of Medvědí vrch ( bear basket , 1017 m nm). In Svatý Tomáš the Horský potok / Steinerne Mühl and the Světlá / Zwettlbach have their source , both of which drain in a southerly direction via the Große Mühl to the Danube . The Zámecký potok, which rises east of the village, and the Pašerácký potok, whose source is northwest of Svatý Tomáš, flows over the Vltava to the Elbe . To the southeast lies the Lindské Chalupy desert, to the south the Rožnov, Linda and Pernek desert, in the southwest the Rychnůvek and Jasánky desert and to the west the Otov, Reiter, Binder, Koranda and Horní Hraničná desert.
Neighboring towns are Dolní Vltavice, Kovářov and Hruštice in the north, Hrdoňov, Větrník, Lojzovy Paseky, Frýdava and Frymburk in the Northeast, U Štoiberů and Přední Výtoň in the east, Vejrovna, Spáleniště and Guglwald in the southeast, Pasečná and Hörleinsödt in the south, Oedt, Unterurasch, Almesberg, St. Oswald near Haslach and Morau in the southwest, Günterreith, Wurmbrand, Unterhaag and Oberhaag in the west as well as Grünwald, Sonnenwald, Rothův Mlýn and Račín.
history
Around 1220 Witiko I von Krumau had the castle Wittinghausen built on the Bohemian Forest ridge south of the Vltava valley . Between 1257 and 1258 Witiko I had the church of St. Thoma built at the foot of the castle on a pass on the old salt trade route Goldener Steig from Neufelden via Haslach , Priethal to Krumau . After the Witigonen line of Český Krumlov , the rule of Wittinghausen fell to the von Rosenberg family in 1302 . In 1348 the church was rebuilt according to the legacy of Peter von Rosenberg and consecrated to the body of Christ . In 1361 a parish was established in St. Thomas. Between 1427 and 1464, the rule of Wittinghausen was pledged to Reinprecht von Walsee and his son of the same name. The latter gave the pledge to Johann von Rosenberg in 1464 . After the hereditary confirmation of the donation by King Vladislav II for John's sons, the Wittinghausen rule was incorporated into the Krumlov rule . Around the church known as St. Thoma, a small logging settlement was built in the 16th century, the name of which was derived from the church. The settlement was mentioned for the first time in 1522. The parish of St. Thomas was abolished again in 1520 because of its remote location and the church was attached to the parish of Deutsch Reichenau as a branch . Since then, the Corpus Christi Church has gained increasing importance as a pilgrimage church. Due to financial difficulties, the last Rosenberg, Peter Wok von Rosenberg, had to sell the Krumau rule with all its accessories to Emperor Rudolf II in 1602 . From 1622 the rule belonged to the princes of Eggenberg . From 1719 the princes of Schwarzenberg were the landlords. The castle was abandoned in the middle of the 18th century. In the course of the Josephine reforms , pilgrimages to St. Thoma were canceled and the miraculous image disappeared under mysterious circumstances. At the end of the 18th century, St. Thoma still consisted of just three properties.
In 1840 the Dominikaldorf St. Thomas consisted of 32 houses with 207 German-speaking residents. In the village there was the church of St. Thomas, which had been closed for several years, and an emphyteutized Meierhof , the grounds of which had been divided between 25 woodcutters. The princely forester's lodge on the Vltava river, three individual forest hunters' houses in the woods to the south, north and northwest of the village, the single-layer bleaching plant Löffler and the Dominikal houses ( Koranda ) on the Rose Hill ( Růžovský vrch , 939 m nm) lay apart . The parish was German Reichenau. Until the middle of the 19th century, St. Thoma remained subject to the allodial rule of Krumlov.
After the abolition of patrimonial made St. Thomas / St. Tomáš 1849 a district of the municipality Reiterschlag in the judicial district Hohenfurth . The pilgrimages to St. Thoma were resumed in 1856. Two years later, Prince Johann Adolf zu Schwarzenberg had the dilapidated pilgrimage church rebuilt at his own expense. From 1868 the village belonged to the Kaplitz district . In 1890 St. Thomas had grown to 27 houses and had 155 inhabitants, including three Czechs. At that time, the Franzl family opened a tavern in which beer from the Friedberger Bürgerbrauerei was served. In 1910 the village consisted of 29 houses and 193 inhabitants. In 1921, 161 people lived in the 29 houses of St. Thomas, of whom 153 were Germans, five Czechs and three foreigners. In the village there was the pub in the Hegerhaus, two tobacconists , a carpenter, a shoemaker and a shop for general goods. In October 1938, as a result of the Munich Agreement , St. Thomas was added to the German Reich and initially belonged to the Kaplitz district . In 1939 the Reiterschlag community was assigned to the Rohrbach district . After the end of the Second World War , Svatý Tomáš came back to Czechoslovakia and was reassigned to the Okres Kaplice. From 1946 the German-speaking population from Svatý Tomáš was evacuated. The place was only to a small extent repopulated with Czechs. In 1950 the municipality of Reiterschlag was abolished in the course of establishing the border zone; Svatý Tomáš was incorporated into Frymburk . All villages of the former Reiterschlag municipality, with the exception of Svatý Tomáš, were razed to the ground. A military radar station was built on the tower of the Vítkův hrádek castle ruins. Most houses in Svatý Tomáš were demolished between 1956 and 1958; in their place there were apartment blocks for the crew of the radar station and for employees of the military forest enterprise. The area was later assigned to the municipality of Přední Výtoň . After the Okres Kaplice was abolished, Svatý Tomáš became part of the Okres Český Krumlov in 1961 .
After the Velvet Revolution , the restricted area was lifted and the ruins of Vítkův hrádek were made accessible to tourists again. In July 1990 the hunting lodge burned down. The church, which was about to collapse, was renovated from 1991. After the turn of the millennium, the ruins of the Jagdschlösschen found a buyer who rebuilt it as a hotel between 2003 and 2005. Today Svatý Tomáš consists of eleven houses in which 20 people live.
Local division
The basic settlement unit Svatý Tomáš is part of the Pasečná cadastral district.
Attractions
- Corpus Christi Church, popularly known as St. Thoma Church in the Bohemian Forest , built in 1258. It was rebuilt in 1384 on the basis of the legacy of Peter von Rosenberg and consecrated to the body of Christ. It received its current neo-Gothic design after the renovation, which was initiated by Johann Adolf Fürst zu Schwarzenberg for 14,000 guilders between 1874 and 1875. The consecration took place on February 5, 1875. In 1878 a cemetery was again consecrated around the church. From 1991 the church, which was in danger of collapsing, was renovated. A mural from the 14th century was discovered on the north side of the choir, showing the Virgin Mary with the baby Jesus and the three wise men.
- Wittinghausen Castle ruins
- Hunting lodge "Waidmanns salvation", was in the years 1868-1870 Johann Adolf Prince zu Schwarzenberg , the 1722 built timber house on the bird Tenne by the architect Anton Jaksch with a new one, surrounded by a park Revierförsterei in Swiss style replace, the center of the representative hunting lodge Waidmanns Heil formed . The richly decorated castle was used for the royal grouse and deer hunt. The main hall on the stone ground floor with a large fireplace was decorated with a royal trophy and hunting weapon collection as well as copies of Dürer pictures. After the Second World War, the hunting lodge belonging to Adolph Schwarzenberg was confiscated and nationalized on the basis of the Lex Schwarzenberg . In the second half of the 20th century the estate became the seat of the Svatý Tomáš Military Forestry Administration, which did not carry out the necessary maintenance work. The park was cut down. The Jagdschlösschen burned down in July 1990 under unexplained circumstances. Between 2003 and 2005 it was rebuilt as a luxury hotel.
- Lipno reservoir
Web links
- Description on zanikleobce.cz
- Description of the Corpus Christi Church on hrady.cz
- Description of the hunting lodge Waidmanns Heil on hrady.cz
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Böhmen, Vol. 9, Budweiser Kreis , 1841, p. 210.
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Böhmen, Vol. 9, Budweiser Kreis , 1841, pp. 251-252.