Theodor Christoph Lilienthal

Theodor Christoph Lilienthal

Theodor Christoph Lilienthal (born October 8, 1717 in Königsberg ; † March 7, 1781 ibid) was a German Lutheran theologian .

Life

Theodor Christoph Lilienthal was born on October 8, 1717 in Königsberg as the son of Michael Lilienthal and his wife Agnes von Kohlen. He received training from his father and private tutors and began studying at the University of Königsberg at the age of 13 . In 1736 he stayed in Jena , lived with Johann Georg Walch and used his library, where Walch also trained him personally. The local university awarded him his master's degree in 1737. In addition, he publicly defended his dissertation De Pelagianismo ante Pelagium , in which he demonstrated that Pelagianism also lived among Jews and Christians. He then went on a study trip through Germany, visiting Naumburg , Weimar , Gotha , Leipzig , Dresden and Erfurt . Then he also attended lectures at the University of Tübingen .

In 1739 he traveled to England and the Netherlands , where he wrote his de canone Missae Gregoriano , which is important for the history of the liturgy, in Leiden . He also attended the Universities of Utrecht , Franeker and Groningen .

Returned in December 1739 to Germany he was in Halle (Saale) in disputation and was established in July 1740 in Konigsberg from the philosophical faculty habilitation . He then gave lectures on philosophy and mathematics .

1744 to sub-inspector of the alumni appointed, the University appointed him afterwards also an associate theology professor . As early as 1745 he gave up the post of sub-inspector and became pastor at the Neurossgärtner church the following year . After his father died in 1750, he also took over the city library. Eventually he was promoted to full professor from the university in 1751.

From 1763 Lilienthal worked as a pastor at the Königsberg Cathedral and was also the supervisor of the Kneiphöfische Gymnasium .

He died on March 7, 1781.

Reception in Erbkam / Döring

Lilienthal wrote several treatises on exegesis and history . In addition, he wrote an important, 16-volume work The Good Cause of St. Scripture in the Old and New Testaments contained divine revelations . In this work, namely, he protected the Christian church from rationalism through the supranaturalism of the Bible, which arose at that time in Lutheran orthodoxy. He also raised doubts about the authenticity of the Bible and refuted it, which was unique in theology to date. This detailed, hard-working work made Lilienthal known, but the work did not bring any real new knowledge, which is why it was already considered lost in the 19th century.

Lilienthal was very respected in Königsberg, he was considered an educated and active scholar. Even in his day, he was considered a special theologian because of his excellent knowledge. He was Georg Christoph Pisanski's doctoral supervisor .

Works

• Diss. De Pelagianismo ante Pelagium (Jena 1733)
• D. Burgel's convincing arguments that there is one God and that scriptures are God's Word; from the English (Königsberg 1735)
• Schediasma historico-theologicum de canone missae Gregoriano, in quo post brevem ejus historiam canonis cum reliquis Liturgiis convenientia, a potioribus Homariae Ecclesiae erroribus ostenditur dissensus (1739)
• Meditatio epistolica de […], juris utriusque apud Hebraeos doctoribus privatis, ad D. Ohlium (Hall 1740)
• Diss. Philosophica de omnipraesentia, ejusque, quatenus ad corpus refertur, possibilitate (Königsberg 1740)
• Historical description and critical assessment of the Parthen of Roman silver coins found in the Osterrodischen Amte in Prussia in 1740, together with some presumed thoughts as to how they came to Prussia and this place (Königsberg 1741)
• Diss. Prima de vita b. Dorotheae, Prussiae patronae, fabulis varris maculata, et veritati historicae restituta (Königsberg 1741)
• Historia beatae Dorotheae, Prussia patronae, fabulis variis maculata, quam e ducumentis, manuscriptis pariter ac impressis veritali historicae restituit, notisque criticis illustravit etc. (Danzig 1743)
• Diss. Inaug. sistens gloriam angeli foederis cum Jacobo colluctantis ex Genes. 32, 24 sq. et Hos. 12, 4 sq. adsertam et a dubiis Anonymi Angli vindicatam. Pars I et II (Königsberg 1744)
• Progr. Natalitium primogenito in orbem terrarum introducto sacrum, ex Hebr. 1, 6 (Königsberg 1744)
• The joy of an evangelical teacher from the gospel festival on the first day of Pentecost; Joh. 14, 23–31, presented to the New Roßgärtischen congregation in an inaugural sermon (Königsberg 1746)
• Diss. Theol. de natura divina, cujus participes fiunt fideles, ad Petr. 1, 4 (Königsberg 1746)
• Progr. Quo Collegium polemico-exegeticum, in quo praecipua antiscriptuariorum dubia expendentur et divina favente gratia resolventur, strenguis theologiae cultoribus indicat, simulque methodum in eo observandam declarat (Königsberg 1747)
• Double jubilee certificate, which was held on the first Sunday of Advent in 1747 to commemorate the inauguration of the New Roßgärtischen churches in two sermons on Matth. 21, 1–9 and Ps. 93, 5 have been filed (Königsberg 1747)
• The right conduct of a person who has accepted the teaching of Christ; at one, the 18th Sunday after Trinit. happened baptism of a 58 year old Jew, Moses Joseph, from 1 Corinth. 1, 4–9 (Königsberg 1749)
• Progr. Natal. Primogenito from omnibus angelis adorando sacrum, in Hebr. 1, 6 (Königsberg 1749)
• Diss. I et II Vindiciae integritatis Sacrae Scripturae quoad locum vexatissimum 2 Chronic. 22, 1. 2 de annis Achasiae (Königsberg 1750)
• Progr. De […] Apostolorum in concilio Hierosolymitano congregatorum, ex Act. 15, 28. 29. (Königsberg 1753)
• Progr. De tolerantia theologica, ad 2 Timoth. 2, 24 (Königsberg 1753)
• Progr. De […] genuina et distincta notione (Königsberg 1754)
• Progr. De doctoris theologi […] ad Matth. 7, 29 (Königsberg 1754)
• De genuina annum apud Hebraeos Jobelaeum computandi ratione, ad illustrandum locum Levit. 25, 8–12 (Königsberg 1754)
• The blessing of the upright, which exalts a city, over 1 Kings. 8, 56-58; Jubilee sermon at the commemorative festival of the city of Königsberg, founded 500 years ago (Königsberg 1755)
• Progr. [...] supernaturalem quidem esse summi numinis in mente humana operationem, neutiquam tamen impossibilem (Königsberg 1756)
• Attempt to calculate the time of the holy scriptures more precisely (Königsberg 1756)
• The seriousness and the goodness of God in his fiery judgments, on Amos 4:11; on the occasion of the Roßgärtischen fire (Königsberg 1756)
• The work of faith in power, in 23 sermons on the eleventh chapter of the letter to the Hebrews (Königsberg 1757)
• Two sermons on the occasion of the victories received at Lowosis and Prague in 1756 and 1757, at the thanksgiving feasts on 2 Chron. 15, 1. 2 and Ps. 18, 10–16 (Königsberg 1757)
• The mercy of God glorified through help in need over Nahum 1, 7. 8 at the festival of thought because of the victory at Leuthen (Königsberg 1757)
• Progr. De […] hagiographorum Vet. Test. Luc. 24, 44 a Christo redivivo asserta (Königsberg 1758)
• Progr. De [...] tamquam modo revelationis divina sapientia dignissimo (Königsberg 1757)
• Progr. [...] Evangelistarum speciatim Lucae, ab objectionibus ex Luc, 1–4 desumtis liberata (Königsberg 1760)
• Progr. [...] librorum biblicorum ipso scriptorum sacrorum testimonio comprobata (Königsberg 1762)
• Collection of some sermons about the story of Lazari's resurrection and other texts dealing with the last things (Königsberg 1762)
• The guilty reverence of the abundant power of God through Ps. 89: 9; on the thanksgiving feast for conquering the Schweidnitz fortress (Königsberg 1762)
• The duties of a people to whom the Lord has given rest about Ps. 46: 9-12; Peace Sermon (Königsberg 1763)
• Collection of some sermons that were given in the event of special incidents (Königsberg 1763)
• Progr. Scriptorum sacrorum […] librorum V. Tl. Testimonio suo comprobante (Königsberg 1764)
• The humiliation under God when he begins to reckon through his judgments about Matt. 18, 23-35; after the great Königsberg fire (Königsberg 1764)
• Progr. De ecclesia christiana primaeva […] librorum NT attestante (Königsberg 1765)
• Progr. [...] librorum NT diserto primitivae ecclesiae testimenio comprobata (Königsberg 1766)
• Progr. De ea, quam Cel.GA Tellerus adhibuit, theologiam dogmaticam tradendi methodo (Königsberg 1766)
• Progr. […] Liborum NT a patribus secundi post Christum natum saeculi adserta (Königsberg 1767)
• Funeral sermon to the Prince of Prussia (Königsberg 1767)
• Funeral sermon to Mr. Jester (Königsberg 1767)
• Progr. […] Librorum NT a scriptoribus tertii post Christum natum saeculi adserta (Königsberg 1768)
• Progr. Sistens primitivae ecclesia christianae […] librorum NT adferentis testimonium mediatum idque fide dignissimum (Königsberg 1769)
• Progr. Exhibens credibilitatem testimonii, quo Ecclesia christiana primaeva […] librorum NT comprobavit, ulterius comprobatum (Königsberg 1770)
• Commentatio critica, sistens duorum codicum manuscriptorum Biblia Hebraica continentium, qui Regiomonti Borrussorum asservantur, praestantissimorum notitiam, cum praecipuarum variantium lectionum ex utroque codice excerptarum sylloge (Königsberg 1770)
• Progr. Potiores resolvens objectiones, quibus […] librorum bibliocorum infestator […] (Königsberg 1771)
• Twelve sermons about the story of Pauli's conversion, delivered to the Christian community (Königsberg 1772)
• Progr. Sistens potiores objectiones, quibus […] librorum biblicorum infestatur […], ulterius resolutas (Königsberg 1772)
• Progr. Exhibens continuatam dubiorum, quae etc. (Königsberg 1773)
• Progr. Sistens reliquorum dubiorum restitutionem (Königsberg 1774)
• Progr. Expendens exceptiones contra argumenta ex loco classico 2 Timoth. 3, 15–17 […] singularum sacri codicis partium asperente desumta (Königsberg 1775)
• Progr. Exhibens ulteriorem ad exceptionem contra arg. ex loco class. 2 Timoth. 3, 15–17 desumta responsionem (Königsberg 1776)
• Progr. Vindicans genuinam […] notionem ex dicto classica 2 Petri 1, 19–21 erutum (Königsberg 1777)
• Progr. Sistens […] Apostolorum in promissionibus Christi Matth. 10, 19. 20. Marci 13, 11. Luc. 12, 11. 12. 21, 14. 15. Joh. 14, 26. 16, 12. 13 fundatam (Königsberg 1778)
• Progr. Ulterius stabiliens […] Apostolis pariter ac Evangelistis ab ipso Servatore Matth. 10, 19, 20 etc. promissum (Königsberg 1779)
• Progr. Exhibens […] singulorum VT librorum Luc. 24, 44, a Christo redivivo comprobatam (Königsberg 1780)
• Progr. Porro expendens […] singulorum VT librorum ipsius Servatoris testimonio Luc. 24, 44 adsertam (Königsberg 1781)

• The good cause of St. Divine Revelations in Scripture, the Old and New Testaments (16 parts, 1760-1782; Volume 9 Online )

literature

• Heinrich Doering : The learned theologians of Germany in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries . Verlag Johann Karl Gottfried Wagner, Neustadt an der Orla, 1832, Volume 2, pages 317 to 321; On-line
• Wilhelm Heinrich Erbkam :  Lilienthal, Theodor Christoph . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 18, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1883, p. 650 f.
• Johann Georg Meusel : Lexicon of the German writers who died from 1750 to 1800. Gerhard Fleischer d. J., Leipzig, 1808, vol. 8, p. 263 ( online )
• August Rudolph Gebser: History of the cathedral church in Königsberg and the diocese of Samland, with a detailed presentation of the Reformation in the Duchy of Prussia. Verlag Hartung, Königsberg, 1835, p. 358, ( online )
• Johann Christoph Strodtmann: The new learned Europe. Johann Christoph Meißner, Wolfenbüttel, 1752, vol. 1, p. 307, ( online )