Theodor Kalide

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Theodor Kalide
Birthplace of Theodor Erdmann Kalide

Theodor Erdmann Kalide (born February 8, 1801 in Königshütte , † August 23, 1863 in Gleiwitz ) was a German sculptor and a well-known representative of the Berlin School of Sculpture .

life and work

Theodor Erdmann Kalide came from Königshütte ( Chorzów in Polish ) in Silesia and came to Berlin around 1818/1819 on the recommendation of the Oberbergamt . There he studied at the Royal Prussian Academy of the Arts . At about the same time he entered the workshop of the sculptor Johann Gottfried Schadow . After that he was taken over into the sculptor's studio of Christian Daniel Rauch .

Under the direction of Rauch, he created the Sleeping Lion , a bronze cast of which was placed on the grave monument for General Gerhard von Scharnhorst in the Invalidenfriedhof in Berlin, as well as the Waking Lion as a counterpart . The two deer sculptures for Neustrelitz Castle were also created under Rauch's supervision, which is why the authorship in research is often attributed to Rauch in both cases.

Three small sculptural equestrian figures are known from Kalide's early work, statuettes of Friedrich II. (Prussia) , Friedrich Wilhelm III. (Prussia) and by the Crown Prince (the future Friedrich Wilhelm IV.), Which were cast in iron and bronze. These three equestrian statuettes were very popular and were also bought by the Prussian royal house. The representation of the horses themselves was considered very modern at the time due to the true-to-life depiction of animals and the horse figures were reproduced even without a rider.

Kalides first life-size work entirely according to his own invention, Boy with Swan , was commissioned by Friedrich Wilhelm III. executed in bronze for the Charlottenburg palace garden . This group of figures was very successful, was awarded prizes at numerous trade exhibitions and was produced several times in iron and zinc casting; Copies of the group were sold worldwide, for example, found the Isle of Wight (Park by Osborne House ) and Central Park in New York.

His sculptural works on goblets for the court goldsmith Johann George Hossauer , as well as on baptismal stands and pair of candlesticks based on designs by Karl Friedrich Schinkel are closely related to the arts and crafts ; the latter are now (with later historical additions) in the choir of the Berlin Cathedral ; the baptismal fonts were primarily intended for Schinkel's suburban churches in Berlin (e.g. Neuhardenberg ; also called Schinkel Church).

Returning to Berlin from his only trip to Italy in 1846, Kalide led the group of an intoxicated bacchante on a panther in marble. This first demonstrable work in stone by his hand, the execution of which was made possible for him by Franz von Winckler , is usually regarded as his main work. During the devastation of the National Gallery in World War II, the marble group was badly damaged and is only preserved as a torso .

For Königshütte, Kalide modeled the statue for the monument to Minister Friedrich Wilhelm von Reden in miner's uniform; the bronze statue was erected on the mine site in 1853 (demolished in 1945). From then on, the sculptor, who worked in Berlin, took part in monument competitions with designs for statues and equestrian statues. The monument to Franz von Winckler in Kattowitz ( Polish: Katowice ) fell victim to the destruction.

Kalide's late work includes the group Boy with a billy goat in battle (lost) and a marble statue of the Madonna for the "Kreuzkirche" in Miechowitz ( Polish Miechowice ) near Beuthen ( Polish Bytom ). The boy defending the goat is a recourse to the bacchante. The figure of Mary for Miechowitz remained Kalides' only larger-than-life sacred figure and is still at the original installation site today.

Theodor Kalide, who ran his sculptor's studio in Berlin (Unter den Linden, at the corner of Pariser Platz) to the end, died in 1863 as a result of a stroke in Gleiwitz ( Gliwice in Polish ). He was buried in the Gleiwitz hut cemetery. In the course of the "restoration" of the cemetery, which was abandoned in 1948 and subsequently devastated, Kalides tomb was reconstructed in 2005 .

Works (selection)

Sculptures and sculptures

Bytom, Madonna in Marble
  • Berlin
  • Bad Carlsruhe (Silesia)
    • Resting lion for a monument to the Duke of Württemberg, for the palace gardens
  • Bytom (bytom), Church of the Holy Cross in Miechowitz (Miechowice)
    • Madonna , marble (1856 to 1860)
  • Dortmund
    • Grave monument for miner Karl Theodor Jacob (pyramid with broken tip)
  • Neustrelitz
    • Deer at the park gate of the castle
  • Katowice (Silesia)
  • Königshütte (Silesia)

Early works at the Berlin Academy exhibitions

  • Equestrian statuette of King Frederick II (the Great), 1826
  • Equestrian statuette of King Friedrich Wilhelm III., 1828
  • Equestrian statuette of Crown Prince Friedrich Wilhelm (IV.), 1830

Works not carried out (drafts)

  • Wroclaw
    • Equestrian statue of King Friedrich II., 1839
    • Statue of King Friedrich Wilhelm III.
  • Berlin center
    • Statue of Joh.Joachim Winckelmann, for the vestibule of the Altes Museum, around 1842
    • Equestrian statue of King Friedrich Wilhelm III.
    • Friedrich Schiller Monument, 1862
  • Cologne
    • Equestrian statue of King Friedrich Wilhelm III., 1861

gallery

literature

Web links

Commons : Theodor Kalide  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

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personal data
SURNAME Kalide, Theodor
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Kalide, Theodor Erdmann (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German sculptor
DATE OF BIRTH February 8, 1801
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigshütte
DATE OF DEATH August 23, 1863
Place of death Gliwice