Topol (Chrudim)

Topol
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Pardubický kraj
District :	Chrudim
Municipality :	Chrudim
Area :	463 ha
Geographic location :	49 ° 58 '  N , 15 ° 50'  E Coordinates: 49 ° 57 '39 "  N , 15 ° 50' 25"  E
Height:	257  m nm
Residents :	172 (2011)
Postal code :	537 01, 537 05
License plate :	E.
traffic
Street:	Chrudim - Dašice
Railway connection:	Heřmanův Městec – Borohrádek

Chapel of Our Lady

Village square

Topol is a district of the city of Chrudim in the Czech Republic . It is located four kilometers northeast of the city center of Chrudim and belongs to the Okres Chrudim .

geography

Topol is located on the left above the valley of the Kočský potok on the Hrochotýnecká tabule ( Hrochow-Teinitzer Tafel ). State road II / 340 between Chrudim and Dašice runs through the village, to the west runs state road I / 37 between Chrudim and Pardubice . To the north rises the Na Hradě (287 m nm), in the west the Pumberky ( Baumberg , 300 m nm).

Neighboring towns are Kalousov, Habrov and Tuněchody in the north, Úhřetice and Vejvanovice in the Northeast, Dolní Bezděkov in the east, turyn, Nabočany and Kočí in the southeast, Tři Bubny , Vlčnov and V Lindach in the south, Stromovka and Na Pumberkách in the southwest, Májov and Třibřichy in West and Vestec and Ostřešany in the north-west.

history

Archaeological finds prove an early settlement of the area. In the northern part of the cadastre was around 4000 BC. BC on the edge of the terrace around the hill Na Hradě above the Chrudimka valley a fortified settlement of the Lengyel culture . During the Early Iron Age , the fortifications were strengthened by settlers of the Silesian-Platenitz culture with a mighty wall, which was preceded by a wide moat. After it was conquered and sacked, the castle was not renewed. The spur was briefly settled again during the Latène period and by Slavic settlers in the 10th century.

The first written mention of the place was in 1399 as Toppole . Topol belonged together with Kočice to the possessions of the Habrovecs of Habrov, who probably built a fortress on the Na Hradě . The fortress was destroyed during the Bohemian-Hungarian War; the village Kočice between Kočí and Tři Bubny also died out around 1468. At the end of the 15th century, all of Topol's farms had become subject to the royal city of Chrudim. Because of the participation of the city of Chrudim in the uprising against the Habsburgs, King Ferdinand I confiscated their property in 1547. In 1561 the city of Topol bought back Czech groschen from the Bohemian Chamber for 566 shock . After the Battle of the White Mountain , the village was again confiscated by the Bohemian King Ferdinand II , because the city of Chrudim had supported the class uprising of 1618 , and in 1628 the city got the village back. In 1651, 62 people lived in Topol. On October 9, 1662, the Topol farmers were robotic committed to the town of Chrudim. When the city of Chrudim demanded a new levy of 98 guilders from Topol in 1714, the municipalities of Topol and Vestec first protested. Later the communities Kočí and Vlčnov joined, which had been in dispute with the Chrudim Council for a long time. Because of their stubbornness, the judges and scoops were put in the dungeon for 17 days and new judges were appointed during this time. In 1783 the village consisted of 28 dwellings, including eight farmers, seven Ausgedingen, eight residents, a chalupner and a poor house. From 1788 the division of the farms and the sale of parcels to Chalupner began. In 1789 there were 29 houses in the village.

In 1835, the in consisted Chrudim District village located Topol or Topole of 36 houses and had 224 inhabitants. There was an inn in the village. The parish was Chrudim. Up to the middle of the 19th century Topol remained subordinate to the royal district and personal commemorative town of Chrudim.

After the abolition of patrimonial Topol formed a community in the judicial district of Chrudim. From 1868 the village belonged to the Chrudim district . In 1869 Topol had 347 inhabitants. The mayor Matěj Kučera had a chapel built on the village square in 1879. In 1886 a cemetery was laid out north of the village; in the same year the volunteer fire brigade was founded. In 1900 there were 451 people living in the village, ten years later there were 425. In 1909 a two-class village school was built, and in 1926 the two classes were merged due to insufficient student numbers. In 1919 the village was electrified. In 1930 Topol had 422 inhabitants. In 1961 there were 288 people in the village. In 1964 the municipalities Kočí and Topol merged into one municipality Kočí-Topol . The school in Topol was closed in 1974 and a kindergarten was set up in the schoolhouse. At the beginning of 1990 the municipality of Kočí-Topol dissolved; Kočí formed its own municipality, Topol was incorporated into Chrudim. In 2004, 164 people lived in Topol's 73 houses.

Local division

The district Topol forms a cadastral district.

Attractions

• Chapel of the Virgin Mary, built in 1879 by the Chrudim master builder Studnička. In 1888 an ornamental garden was laid out around the chapel.
• Atonement cross from 1655 on the road to Chrudim. The year and grooves are stamped on the front of the 60 × 60 cm cross and a fork on the back. According to legend, the mayor was stabbed with a fork on the spot.
• Fortress of the Silesian-Platenitz culture on the Na Hradě spur near Kalousov
• Memorial stone for those who fell in World War I, unveiled in 1938
• Habrov nature reserve

literature

• Historický lexikon obcí České republiky 1869–2005 , part 1, p. 510

Web links

• History of Topol

Individual evidence

1. ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/667641/Topol
2. ↑ Antonín Profous : Místní jména v Čechách - Vznik jejich, původní význam a změny .
3. ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer , Franz Xaver Maximilian Zippe: The Kingdom of Böhmen. Statistically and topographically presented, vol. 5 Chrudimer Kreis , Prague 1837, p. 12