Torne alv

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Torne älv
Torneälv, Torneälven, Tornionjoki
Tornealven.jpg
Data
Water code FI : 67
location Norrbotten County ( Sweden ),
Lapland ( Finland ),
Source: Fylke Nordland ( Norway )
River system Torne alv
Source lake / source glacier Torneträsk (nominally),
hydrologically a glacier
68 ° 16 ′ 1.56 ″ N, 18 ° 7 ′ 41.16 ″ E south of the Válfojávri
Source height 341  m  (nominal)
1189 m (hydrological)
muzzle At Haparanda and Tornio in the Gulf of Bothnia coordinates: 65 ° 48 ′ 30 ″  N , 24 ° 8 ′ 45 ″  E 65 ° 48 ′ 30 ″  N , 24 ° 8 ′ 45 ″  E
Mouth height m
Height difference 341 m
Bottom slope 0.66 ‰
length 520 km  (nominal)
631 km (hydrological)
Catchment area 40,131.4 km²
Drain MQ
388 m³ / s
Left tributaries Muonio älv , Tengeliönjoki
Flowing lakes Torneträsk
Small towns Haparanda , Tornio , Pajala , Kolari
Kukkolaforsen / Kukkolankoski rapids, view of the Swedish shore

Kukkolaforsen / Kukkolankoski rapids, view of the Swedish shore

The Torne älv [ ˈtɔˌɳə ɛlv ] also Torneälv or Torneälven (Swedish) or Tornionjoki [ ˈtɔrniɔnjɔki ] (Finnish) is a 410 km long river in Lapland. It is known as the outflow of the Torneträsk , a large lake in the Swedish-Norwegian border mountains in Lapland .

Headwaters

Hydrologically, the largest tributary of the Torneträsk forms the upper reaches of the river. In terms of the longest stretch of the river, the Torne älv rises 1189 m above sea level from a small glacier in Norway, 0.3 km west of the Swedish border). After about 3 km the glacier stream flows into the Válfojohka, the main tributary of the Swedish lake Gamajávri (610 m above sea level), just below the Norwegian lake Válfojávri (1009 m above sea level in Norway, approx. 1 km west of the Swedish border). Its outflow Gamaeatnu ( Swedish Kamajåkka) is the main tributary of Lake Ábeskojávri ( Swedish Abiskojaure (488 m above sea level), whose outflow Ábeskoeatnu ( Abiskojåkka ) is the main tributary of Lake Duortnosjárvi (Swedish Torneträsk) , 341 m above the sea to the confluence with the Torneträsk is 45 km, the one through the Torneträsk 55.5 km.

course

After the Torneträsk, the Torne älv flows through a series of smaller lakes, the Jiekajärvi, the Alajärvi, the Váhkujárvi and the Nuorajärvi, before it reaches the places Kurravaara , Laxforsen and Jukkasjärvi ( Sami : Čohkkiras), which belong to the municipality of Kiruna . In the lower reaches of the city flows at the level Pajala the Muonio älv / Muonionjoki . From there, the Torne älv / Tornionjoki flows through the Tornedalen as a border river between Sweden and Finland and flows into the Gulf of Bothnia , the northernmost part of the Baltic Sea , at Haparanda and Tornio . At the height of Junosuando about 150 km before its mouth, the waters of the river divide in a bifurcation . The eastern branch of the river thus created retains the name Torne älv, while the western one is called Tärendöälven ( Finnish Tärennönjoki ). The Tärendöälven flows into the Kalixälven after a length of 52 km .

Name interpretation

The name of the river comes from the Häme dialect of the Finnish settlers who settled on its lower reaches from the 9th century AD and is derived from tornio , an old word for “spear”, which in turn is an early Scandinavian Borrowing is.

particularities

Every winter, an ice hotel is built using the ice from Torne Älv in Jukkasjärvi in northern Sweden . The ice blocks are also exported worldwide and used for various events, in particular for the ice bars of the spirits manufacturer Absolut Vodka in several European cities as well as in Shanghai and Tokyo .

Shortly before the mouth, the railway bridge over the Torne älv , which carries a four-rail track in standard gauge and Finnish broad gauge , crosses the river as an extension of the Boden – Haparanda railway line .

Web links

Commons : Torne älv  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Finnish Ministry of the Environment - Suomen päävesistöalueet -taulukko ( Memento of the original from December 4, 2012 in the web archive archive.today ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.ymparisto.fi
  2. Statistics om älvar ( Memento of March 11, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  3. GPS track from the source glacier (see map server of the Swedish state land surveying ) to the confluence with the Torneträsk
  4. J. Vahtola: Tornion nimi ja tausta asutushistoriallinen sen. Eripainossarja 27. Oulun yliopisto, historian laitos, Oulu 1976.
  5. Ice hotel website ( Memento of the original from July 2, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.icehotel.com
  6. Icebar website