Lords of Duino
The lords of Duino , also von Tybein, Duino-Tibein , also Hugonen or Haugen von Tybein after the main name , were a ministerial family on the upper Adriatic.
Their fiefs lay in Istria , on the Quarnerobusen (Kvarner) of Fiume (Rijeka) and in Friuli ; around 1166 they are referred to as vassals of the Patriarch of Aquileia . The exact origin does not seem to be clear. In the 13th century they appear in documents as ministerials of Aquileia . What is certain is that they were also ministerials to the Counts of Gorizia . The gender is documented from around 1150 to 1406.
coat of arms
Variants:
- Once a stepped bar (the bar probably black on a white shield).
- Split shield above a six-pointed star (after Valvasor ; not tinged).
history
As early as the 13th century, the lords of Duino managed to stand out from the other noble families living in Istria. An essential reason for this and for their later position of power was their close ties to the Counts of Gorizia , whose greatest confidants they were at times, and the location of their ancestral seat Duino in the Bay of Trieste , from where they built the Monfalcone along the sea ( Adria ) dominated roads leading to Istria . In 1281 Hugo von Duino had to promise the patriarch that he would allow travelers to pass unmolested on the busy trade route below Duino Castle . Although they owned fiefs of Aquileia, like the Counts of Gorizia, they always acted amicably with them when it came to the patriarch; they are described as the greatest oppressors of Aquileja.
Hugo II. (1252–1308), son of Rudolf I von Duino (1252–1263), came in 1252 after a lost feud that Count Meinhard III. von Gorizia and his father-in-law, Count Albert III. von Tirol against Philipp von Spanheim , Elekt of Salzburg, son of the Duke of Carinthia, led next to Meinhard's sons and other Görzer ministerials as hostages in Salzburg captivity (see Peace of Lieserhofen ).
In 1312, when Count Heinrich von Görz ordered knight games in which the nobility from all over Friuli were to take part, Rudolf II von Duino (1296–1319) and Friedrich von Bremp / Prem were entrusted with the implementation. During this time the lords of Duino were already exercising lordly rights in Fiume.
The greatest increase in power was Hugo III. von Duino (1297–1328), son of Hugo II, when Count Heinrich II. von Gorizia died unexpectedly on April 23, 1319 in Treviso . Hugo III was then general captain of the city and the district of Treviso. But he was also appointed captain of the county of Gorizia . From now on he called himself Comitatus Goritiensis et terre Tarvisii capitaneus generalis . In documents he also appears as capitaneus super totum comitatum Goricie . It seems that Hugo III. last time in 1328.
Corresponding documents prove that Hugo III. was married to Stilicha (presumably Stella), who received the property after his death. Georg von Duino (1334–1343), the firstborn of Hugo III., Was also appointed captain of Gorizia in 1336. Around this time the power of Aquileja, but also that of the Counts of Gorizia, began to wane; probably because of this he joined the dukes of Austria ( Habsburg ) in 1366 and recognized them as his sovereigns . However, he did not hand over his goods to the Habsburgs in order to receive them again as a fiefdom. In any case, this enabled the Habsburgs to extend their sphere of rule and influence to the Adriatic.
The lords of Duino supported the Habsburgs militarily and financially. In return, the dominions Bleiburg , Eisenkappel , Gurnitz , Gutenstein , Rechberg and Wildenstein were pledged to them in Carinthia . After Konrad von Khraig was deposed as governor of Carniola in 1385, Duke Leopold of Austria installed Georg's son, Hugo VIII von Duino (1354-1390), as his successor. Hugo held this office until 1389.
With Hugo IX. (1397, † 1399), the son of Hugo VIII, died out in 1399 in the male line . He survived his son Reinprecht (1390, † 1396) by three years. The main heirs of the lords of Duino were their relatives, the lords of Walsee .
Benefactor of the Parakeet Monastery
Some lords of Duino also appear in documents from the Parakeet Monastery as benefactors (according to Grebenz):
- Stephan von Duino “sive Tybein” gave the monastery a hat in 1250 near Senosetsch.
- Hugo "de Dv (u) ino vel Dvino, secundum aliquos Tybein, Dominus de Liburnia civitatis fluminensis ad oram maris Adriatici" allowed the monastery in 1300, "... de Sancto Vito sua fluminensi civitate" annual duty-free 50 horse-drawn salt and six barrels of oil to be introduced (Grebenz, No. 103, p. 44).
Tribe list
Genealogy:
- Note: all Hugo can also be found as Haug , all also as Tybein or Thübein
- A: Diethalm , 1139
- B: Stephan I., 1166-1188
- C: Wolschalk von Duino-Momiano, 1188-1249
- C: Cono von Neuhaus, 1188–1227
- C: Hugo I. von Duino, 1188-1234
- D Rudolf I., 1252-1263
- E: Hugo II, 1252-1308
- F: Rudolf II., 1296-1319
- G: Hugo VI., 1312
- F: Heinrich II., 1274, † 1308
- Q: Hugo III. , 1297–1328, since 1319 general captain of Tarvisio and captain of the county of Gorizia , oo Stilicha (Stella) N.
- G: Georg , 1334–1343, captain of the county of Gorizia since 1336
- H: Hugo VIII. , 1354–1390 ∞ Anna von Walsee-Enns
- I: Reinprecht, 1390, † 1396
- I: Hugo IX. , 1397, † 1399, with him the sex in the male line died out.
- J: Katharina († 1435) oo Reinprecht II. Von Walsee-Enns (1364–1422) → inheritance to the Walseers
- I: Katharina, 1400-1418
- I: Anna, 1404, † 1406? 1. ∞ Eberhard II. Von Kapellen († 1406), 2. ∞ Reinprecht II. Von Walsee-Enns
- H: Hugo VIII. , 1354–1390 ∞ Anna von Walsee-Enns
- G: Rudolf III., 1337-1359,
- G: Johann, 1337
- G: Hugo VII, 1323-1344
- G: Georg , 1334–1343, captain of the county of Gorizia since 1336
- F: Ulrich, 1300
- F: Gerca, 1308
- G: Nassinguera, 1312-1314 (descent not established)
- F: Hugez IV, 1334-1344
- G: Hugo V., 1342-1345
- F: Rudolf II., 1296-1319
- E: Hugo II, 1252-1308
- D Rudolf I., 1252-1263
- C: Heinrich von Prem, 1188-1234
- D: Ulrich I., 1249 (descent not established)
- C: Stephan II of Castelnuovo
- B: Stephan I., 1166-1188
possession
Their goods were also in Istria, Carniola, Croatia and Carinthia.
Carniola
- Bremp - Prem (nw. Ilirska Bistrica ) (1366–1399), fief of Aquileja
- Dragembl - Dragomelj (nö. Ljubljana ) (1386–1399)
Croatia or Istria (Kvarner Bay)
Carinthia
As a deposit:
Remarks
Occasionally the lords of Duino are referred to as counts . There is no documentary evidence for this.
literature
- Majda Smole: Graščine na nekdanjem Kranjskem ( Lords and Gülte in the former Carniola), Ljubljana 1982
- August Dimitz : History of Krain
- Jože Maver Grebenc: Gospodarska ustanovitev Stične ali njena dotacija leta 1135
- Dr. Racki: Fiume , Agram (Zagreb) 1869
- Valvasor: Honor , IX. Book.
- Peter Štih: Studies on the history of the Counts of Görz , R. Oldenbourg Verlag Vienna Munich 1996, ISBN 3-7029-0405-0 Oldenbourg Vienna; ISBN 3-486-64834-9 Oldenbourg Munich.
