Václavice (Hrádek nad Nisou)
| Václavice | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Liberecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Liberec | ||||
| Municipality : | Hrádek nad Nisou | ||||
| Area : | 1567.8594 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 51 ' N , 14 ° 55' E | ||||
| Height: | 345 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 399 (March 1, 2001) | ||||
| Postal code : | 463 34 | ||||
| License plate : | L. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Chrastava - Uhelná | ||||
Václavice (German Wetzwalde ) is a district of the city of Hrádek nad Nisou in the Czech Republic . It is located five kilometers east of Hrádek nad Nisou on the border with Poland and belongs to the Okres Liberec .
geography
Václavice extends along the Václavický potok ( Grafensteiner Bach , also Wetzwalder Bach ) in the Grottau Basin (Hrádecká pánev). To the north rise the Vřesový vrch ( Heideberg , 341 m) and the Kamenný vrch ( Steinberg , 400 m), in the northeast the Výhledy ( Gickelsberg , 569 m), east the Velký kopec (406 m), in the south the Landův Kopec (372 m) m). The Ślad ( Schladebach ) rises to the north . A large sand pit is operated to the west of the village.
Neighboring towns are Uhelná , Białopole and Opolno Zdroj in the north, Jasna Góra and Horní Vítkov in the Northeast, Dolní Vítkov in the east, Chrastava and Dolni Chrastava in the southeast, Pekařka and Bily Kostel nad Nisou in the south, Chotyně in the southwest, Grabštejn and Hradek nad Nisou in the West and Oldřichov na Hranicích in the northwest.
history
The first written mention of Wezillwalde and the Church of St. Apostle Jakobus took place in 1326. The name of the village is probably derived from the first name Werner, possibly from the Grafenstein castle lord Werner von Donin , who also held the church patronage in the 14th century. Another variant assumes that the first settler was called Václavík or Watzlik. Over the years the place name developed via Wetzwald and Weiczilswald to Wetzwalde .
The village is divided into three parts; in the southeast the upper village, around the church and road to Bäckenhain the middle village and west on the road to Grafenstein the Niederdorf. The inhabitants had become Protestant in the 16th century. Wetzwalde was subservient to Grafenstein Castle. There were two small courtyards next to it. In the upper village was the Zusatzhof, also known as the Edelhof, and in the Niederdorf the black or small farm. The latter belonged to the Grafenstein lordship. In 1630, the Tschuschhof was owned by Hans von Nostitz . During the Thirty Years War Wetzwalde was devastated and the church was also destroyed.
The Catholic Matthias Gallas and his heirs began to recatholicize. Around 100 of the inhabitants left Wetzwalde between 1651 and 1696 because of their faith and went into exile in the Upper Lusatian neighboring towns of Reichenau and Lichtenberg . The big bell of the destroyed church brought the refugees across the border to Reichenau and brought them to the church there. Wetzwalde was parish after Kratzau . In 1699 the church of the Apostle James was rebuilt. It then took until the 18th century for the village to recover. In 1731 Josef Thiel, resident of Wetzwald, bought an organ for the church. In 1787 the church was reconstructed and the following year it was elevated to a locality, which Kohlige also belonged to. Since the 17th century, Christoph Worm has been proven to be an inheritor in Wetzwalde, and the Worm, Thiel and Pietsch families subsequently held this office until 1850.
In 1830 the place consisted of 208 houses and had 1,285 inhabitants. A road led from Grafenstein via Wetzwalde to the important Saxon spa town of Bad Oppelsdorf and there was a customs office at the border. At that time, a coal mine opened. However, only inferior carbon disulfide was mined and the unprofitable plant was shut down in 1859.
After the abolition of patrimonial Wetzwalde formed with the district Kohlige from 1850 a political municipality in the judicial district Kratzau or district Reichenberg . On June 22, 1866, during the German War, the Prussians moved to the border near Kohlige and provoked the Radetzky Hussars. A week later they invaded Bohemia and occupied Wetzwalde. They set up military camps in Oberdorf and Kohlige and plundered the village.
In 1869 there were 1459 people in Wetzwalde, in 1900 there were 1425. The residents lived from agriculture or earned their living in the factories in the surrounding towns and the Görsdorf brown coal mines. Another line of business was home weaving. In 1873 there were 273 house weavers in Wetzwalde. The Fasangarten excursion restaurant existed in Niederdorf; today it serves as the administration building for the sand pit. There were also two other inns, the Annenhof and the Stern, the latter being demolished after 1950. The population decreased and in 1930 the village had only 1,341 inhabitants. After the Munich Agreement , Wetzwalde was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Reichenberg district until 1945 . Including the district of Kohlige, 1405 people lived in the community in 1939. After the end of World War II, the village came back to Czechoslovakia and the German residents were evicted until 1946. In 1948 Wetzwalde was renamed Václavice. In the following years 180 properties and both mills were demolished in the village. In 1950 the village had 702 inhabitants and in 1970 there were 501.
Since the end of the war, the church has not been used and has been neglected. In the 1970s it was emptied except for the pulpit and most of the inventory was stolen or destroyed. The altar paintings, the silver monstrance and candlesticks, candlesticks and the pews disappeared without a trace; the colored stained glass windows were thrown in. In 1976 the church, which dominated the site, was torn down with tractors.
Together with Uhelná, Václavice was incorporated into Hrádek nad Nisou in 1980. The low point of the population decline was reached in 1991, when only 345 people were registered as permanent residents in Václavice. In 2001 the village consisted of 137 houses in which 399 people lived. The Zittau Way of St. James leads through Václavice.
Local division
The cadastral district Václavice u Hrádku nad Nisou includes the localities Uhelná and Václavice.
Attractions
- Atonement cross, near the demolished church, according to old traditions, a Swedish general is said to be buried on the site, but excavations have not found anything, the cross may have been moved earlier
- Scholze-Mühle, former windmill, northwest of the village
- Spálena lípa, tree monument, northwest of the village
- Half-timbered houses
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/775991/Vaclavice-u-Hradku-nad-Nisou
- ^ Karl F. Kühn: Liberec topography of the historical and art-historical monuments in the Reichenberg district. Brno / Prague / Leipzig / Vienna 1934, p. 311
- ^ Karl F. Kühn: Liberec topography of the historical and art-historical monuments in the Reichenberg district. Brno / Prague / Leipzig / Vienna 1934, p. 311
