Viktor Fadrus

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Viktor Fadrus (born July 20, 1884 in Vienna , † June 23, 1968 in Villach ) was an Austrian educator and school reformer . His son of the same name (1912-2004) was also a teacher and school reformer.

Live and act

Viktor Fadrus was born in Vienna on July 20, 1884, attended by the general education from 1898 to 1903, the teacher training college in Wiener Neustadt , which he in 1903 with the matriculation examination completed. He then worked as a teacher and educator at the kk deaf-mute institute , which existed from 1779 to 1918, until 1909 , before he was appointed as a training teacher at the state teacher training institute in Oberhollabrunn in 1909. In this position he also worked at the Vienna 3 State Teacher Training Institute, Austria's oldest teacher training institute, in 1911/12. Inspired by the works of Adalbert Stifter , he went on walks between Vienna and the Bohemian Forest ; In 1904 he also undertook a trip to the German Empire and the Adriatic . He was one of the pioneers of a pedagogical practice in the sense of the work school , the home total teaching , as well as the art education . From 1905 to 1909 he attended lectures on education, German, geography and history at the Landeslehrerakademie in Vienna and found access to scientific work through his friend and sponsor Anton Becker .

After he was appointed to the Ministry of Education by State Secretary Rafael Pacher on November 20, 1918 , at that time called the State Office for Internal Affairs and Education , and was responsible for writing the school books, Otto Glöckel and Eduard took him over in March 1919 Martinak was entrusted with the democratization and reform of the entire compulsory and middle school system. Two school reform departments were set up for this purpose; Fadrus was for the Department of Population and Civil Schools responsible, as well as teacher training colleges. There he worked for the implementation of the social democratic school reform plans and was entrusted with this task until 1932. During this time he gave intensive lectures all over Austria, making him a leading expert during the practical testing of the reform drafts and holding various other offices in the Austrian school system.

Among other things, he was a member of the City School Council for Vienna, head of the reform department for elementary schools, head of the curriculum consultations, member of the main committee of experimental class teachers, head of the six major teacher training courses and, from 1922, together with Karl Linke, publisher of the monthly school reform . Furthermore, in collaboration with Ludwig Battista and Eduard Burger, he brought out the book series Lehrerbücherei in 84 volumes. Together with Linke, he was also the editor of the so-called school reform library and, with Charlotte Bühler, of the Viennese works on educational psychology . After the Landeslehrerakademie (Landeslehrerakademie) was dissolved, the then mayor of Vienna, Karl Seitz , commissioned him to set up the Pedagogical Institute of the City of Vienna , of which he was director from 1922 to 1934. He also set up the central pedagogical library there , as well as an eight-class institute school and four-semester university teacher training courses (1925 to 1930).

The former military secondary schools and military academies Breitensee , Traiskirchen , Wiener Neustadt and Judenau were converted into federal educational institutions at his suggestion. Fadrus acted as scientific director of the publishing house Jugend & Volk , founded in 1921 at his suggestion by the municipality of Vienna, and as such was significantly involved in the textbook production of the publisher, which made the textbooks available free of charge for Viennese school students. Over 400 textbooks were created under his direction. Because of its democratic spirit took place from 1933 in the wake of the seizure of power of the National Socialists of forcibly decline Fadrus. On January 1, 1933, he was transferred from the Ministry of Education (from 1925 Ministerialrat) to the City School Council for Vienna and entrusted with the function of a state school inspector. As such, he worked until February 1934, before he - at the age of 49 - was decommissioned and retired on May 31, 1934. From 1934 to 1944 he lived largely withdrawn in Vienna, began studying at the University of Vienna , which he completed in 1936 as a doctor of philosophy . In 1944 he was called up for military service - now almost 60 years old .

After the end of the Second World War , Fadrus was entrusted with the reconstruction of the Austrian school system from 1945 to 1949 and held the position of section head. Even after his retirement, he continued to take part in educational congresses, school exhibitions and curriculum consultations. In addition, he was also active on a voluntary basis; His honorary functions include the board of directors of the Vienna Pedagogical Society and the Reich Association of Austrian Teachers' Trainers . He was also an employee of the Geographical Society , the Association for Regional Studies of Vienna and Lower Austria and the Men's Choir Wiener Schubertbund , as well as a member of the board of trustees of the Institute for Science and Art . Fadrus published numerous papers on school and educational policy and was often responsible for the publication of encyclopedias and magazines (such as the school reform and popular education ). He also brought out various youth publications.

In 1959 Fadrus received the medal of honor from the federal capital Vienna . Fadrus died on June 23, 1968, about a month before his 84th birthday, in Villach . He was buried at the Villach city cemetery. He left behind his wife Anna (née Schererbauer), with whom he had been married since 1910 and with whom he had their son Viktor.

Fonts (selection)

  • The Austrian federal educational institutions , 1924
  • Contributions to the reform of the education system , 1956

literature

  • W. Weinhäupl, Pedagogy from the Child. V. Fadrus, 1981.

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Fadrus, Viktor
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian educator and school reformer
DATE OF BIRTH July 20, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH June 23, 1968
Place of death Villach , Austria