Wachbach (river)
| Wachbach | ||
 The Wachbach in the town of the same name, 2014 |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | DE : 24656 | |
| location |
Tauberland
|
|
| River system | Rhine | |
| Drain over | Tauber → Main → Rhine → North Sea | |
| source | in Bad Mergentheim- Rot 49 ° 24 ′ 5.2 ″ N , 9 ° 48 ′ 48 ″ E |
|
| Source height | approx. 384 m above sea level NHN | |
| muzzle | in Bad Mergentheim from the left and south into the Tauber coordinates: 49 ° 29 '49.7 " N , 9 ° 46' 16.9" E 49 ° 29 '49.7 " N , 9 ° 46' 16.9" E |
|
| Mouth height | approx. 197.7 m above sea level NHN | |
| Height difference | approx. 186.3 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 15 ‰ | |
| length | 12.6 km with right orienteering Wachbach |
|
| Catchment area | 56.051 km² | |
| Left tributaries | Hachteler Bach , Stuppach , Althäuser Bach | |
The Wachbach is a 12 km long river in the Main-Tauber district in northern Baden-Württemberg , which flows into the middle Tauber from the left in Bad Mergentheim after a total of approximately north-north-west .
The name of the water - like the basic word Bach itself and its many other compositions - has, in addition to the usually male gender in the deaf-green dialect area passed through, also the female gender in dialect.
geography
course
The Wachbach flows entirely in the Mergentheim district and always in a northerly to at most northwestern direction. Because to the east of its valley the Lochbach strives very close and almost parallel to the Tauber, all major tributaries reach it from the left.
It rises in the village of Rot , then crosses the village of Dörtel and shortly afterwards is fed by the Hachteler Bach, which is 5 km longer here . Then it flows through the village of Wachbach , where it comes from the source a little more than 1.5 km long water. Further down, the Stuppach flows from the left, with which the B 19 enters the valley. At the next Neunkirchen at the beginning of the closed town development of Mergentheim the longest tributary flows into the Althäuser Bach , which together with the longer of its two upper courses reaches almost 7 km. As it runs through the city, the Wachbach touches the old town on its west side, the north of which extends into the wide floodplain of the Tauber. The Wachbach then crosses under the Crailsheim – Königshofen railway line and joins the Tauber just under half a kilometer later from the left and south in the city area .
After its 12.6 kilometer long path from Rot to the Tauber, the Wachbach flows about 198 meters below its source, its mean bottom slope thus not quite 16 ‰.
Catchment area
The catchment area covers 56.1 km², of which less than a quarter are to the right of the course thanks to the left tributaries, which are strongly dominant in terms of size. In terms of natural space, it is part of the Tauberland , with the largest part of its sub-area Umpfer-Wachbach-Riedel , with only a small confluence near Mergentheim to the sub-area of the Middle Taubertal . Its highest elevation is 436.1 m above sea level. NHN high Mount of Olives on the eastern watershed Rot about one kilometer northeast of Mergentheim- Rot , on which a water tower offers a wide view.
To the east of the right to compete from the opening up soon close and long roughly parallel direction to the Tauber current Lochbach , in the southeast from the water tower of Herbsthausen the upper catchment area bordered short of draining in the same direction and we continue climbing the Tauber reach Aschbach . In the south, the watershed runs to the Rißbach , which, like the Erlenbach that drains on the southwest side of the catchment area, is a right-hand Jagst tributary. In the northwest, finally, a long section borders the Umpfer catchment area, the drainage of which now again reaches the Tauber below the Wachbach. The hydrologically most important watershed thus runs on the south and south-west side and separates the large drainage areas of the Main on this side and the Neckar on the other.
Except for a small gusset in the south, which belongs to Mulfingen , the catchment area is entirely within the Mergentheimer district.
Tributaries and lakes
List of tributaries and 
lakes from source to mouth. Length of water, lake area, catchment area and altitude according to the corresponding layers on the LUBW online map. Other sources for the information are noted.
Source of the Wachbach at about 384 m above sea level. NHN between cross and Hall Road in the village of Red the city of Bad Mergentheim .
-
Flows through at around 335 m above sea level. NHN the flood retention basin Dörtel halfway from Rot to the hamlet of Dörtel , 0.8 ha. From the 15.4 m high dam, 22,000 m² of water are retained permanently, and up to 152,000 m² in the event of flooding. - (Bach from the Dörteler Klinge ), from the right and southeast to about 296 m above sea level. NHN in the hamlet of Dörtel , 0.9 km and 1.5 km². Arises at 336.3 m above sea level. NHN in Gewann Pfaffenbaum in a beech-covered ground crack. Inconsistent.
-
Hachteler Bach , from the left and south to about 272 m above sea level. NHN half way between Dörtel and the village of Wachbach , 5.1 km and 9.0 km².
From a hydrological point of view, this upper course is the main upper course of the Wachbach, because it is 3.9 km long and has a catchment area of 6.5 km².-
Flows at about 420 m above sea level. NHN to the larger of two adjoining ponds on the northern edge of the Hagenholz east of Mulfingen -Azenweiler, a total of 0.3 ha, and flows the first almost kilometer westwards towards the settlement area, cor which it then bends to the north.
-
Flows through at 337 m above sea level. NHN the Hachtel flood retention basin halfway from Azenweiler to the village of Hachtel in Bad Mergentheim, 1.1 hectares. 22,000 m² of water from the 13 m high dam is retained permanently, and up to a further 153,000 m² in the event of flooding.
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Förstlegraben , from the left and west to about 315 m above sea level. NHN just before the outskirts of Hachtel, 0.2 km and approx. 1.4 km². Arises at less than 305 m above sea level. NHN .
In the upper part of the catchment two feldweg accompanying trenches running together, at the edge of the horse mackerel image created and in it; from the farthest source of the left in this forest, the valley line is about 1.8 km long. - Maulgraben , from the left and west to about 297 m above sea level. NHN in Hachtel, 0.8 km and about 0.8 km². Arises at about 345 m above sea level. NHN in the street ditch next to the valley path of the L 2845 from Mergentheimer village Rengershausen .
- (Bach from the Eschentalklinge ), from the left and finally west to about 279 m above sea level. NHN to Hachtel, 1.5 km and approx. 0.8 km². Arises at about 374 m above sea level. NHN between fields south of the Aussiedlerhofgruppe Schafhof on the Hüttenberg and runs northeast on the first half of its way.
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Flows through at approx. 265 m above sea level. NHN the flood retention basin Wachbach (without permanent impoundment) in front of the village of Wachbach . The 5.4 m high dam holds back up to 44,000 m² of water during floods.
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- (Mühlkanal to Wachbach), from the right to about 257 m above sea level. NHN in the southern Wachbach, 0.8 km. Goes to 263.8 m above sea level beforehand . NHN turn right shortly after the dam of the previous one.
- Origin , from the left and southwest to almost 255 m above sea level. NHN in Wachbach, 1.7 km and approx. 2.9 km². Rises at about 302 m above sea level. NHN the sheep fountain northwest of the sheep farm.
- (Mühlkanal in Wachbach), from the left at the Ritterplatz in front of the Wachbacher Schloss , 0.3 km. Verdolt, goes to about 255 m above sea level. NHN on Eichmühlweg from the origin to the left.
- Wolfentalgraben , from the right and northeast to about 244 m above sea level. NHN right after Wachbach, 1.0 km and approx. 1.5 km². Arises at about 285 m above sea level. NHN in Wolfental a little northeast of Wachbach.
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Stuppach , from the left and south to 227.4 m above sea level. NHN less than 1.5 km from the village of Neunkirchen , 5.7 km and 10.6 km². Arises at about 360 m above sea level. NHN in the Aschgrund bay of the forest on the Zwerchenberg, which is open to the west, about 2 km southeast of the Mergentheimer village of Stuppach .
- Löchlegraben , from the left and southwest to about 270 m above sea level. NHN in Stuppach, 1.4 km and approx. 2.5 km². Arises at about 314 m above sea level. NHN next to a field path in the Löchle bay in the Stuppach Forest .
- Lillstadter Bach , from the right and southeast to about 247 m above sea level. NHN , 0.6 km and about 1.7 km². Arises at about 275 m above sea level. NHN on the north-western edge of the hamlet of Lillstadt .
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Flows through at about 222 m above sea level. NHN the flood retention basin Neunkirchen (without permanent impoundment) about one kilometer before the village of Bad Mergentheim- Neunkirchen . The 6 m high dam holds back up to 144,000 m² of water during floods.
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Althäuser Bach , from the left to about 215 m above sea level. NHN in Neunkirchen, 1.8 km on the name section and 6.8 km with the left upper course Brunnentalbach and 14.5 km². Arises at about 240 m above sea level. NHN in the village of Althausen von Mergentheim from the confluence of its two upper courses.
- Brunnentalbach , left and southwestern upper reaches, 3.7 km and approx. 5.3 km². Arises at almost 340 m above sea level. NHN in the Rechental .
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Lustbronner Bach , right and south-southwest upper reaches, 3.1 km and approx. 4.7 km². Arises at about 302 m above sea level. NHN on the southeastern edge of the hamlet of Lustbronn von Mergentheim.
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Passed at about 265 m above sea level. NHN a pond on the left bank, 0.4 ha.
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- (Ditch from the Wolfental ), from the left and west-northwest to about 225 m above sea level. NHN at the beginning of Neunkirchen, 1.8 km and approx. 2.6 km². Arises at about 280 m above sea level. NHN at the confluence of the forest blades Wolf blade and Etzenklinge on the edge of the forest.
Mouth of the Wachbach from the left and finally south to 197.7 m above sea level. NHN in Bad Mergentheim between the Tauberbrücke on Wolfgangsstrasse and the footbridge down the valley from left and south into the middle Tauber . The Wachbach is 12.6 km long and has a catchment area of 56.1 km². The flow path, which begins at the origin of the Hachteler Bach tributary, which is longer at the confluence , even reaches 13.8 km.
Flood retention basin
Map with all coordinates of the flood retention basin: OSM
The flood retention basins are all operated by the Kaiserstraße water association, have earth dams and the dammed water flows through them (main circuit). The Dörteler and Wachbach basins drain uncontrolled, the Hachteler and Neunkirchen basins are controlled.
| Surname | location | Dammed water and drainage | Storage space in m 3 | EZG | Storage space | Dam height | Construction year | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| place | Maximum | Duration | Max | Duration | ||||||||
| HRB Dörtel | ⊙ | in front | Dörtel | Wachbach | 174,000 | 22,000 | 3.3 km 2 | ? | 0.8 ha 2 | 15.43 m | 1972 | |
| HRB Hachtel | ⊙ | in front | Hachtel | Hachteler Bach → Wachbach | 175,000 | 22,000 | 3.5 km 2 | ? | 1.1 ha 2 | 13 m | 1972 | |
| HRB Wachbach | ⊙ | in front | Wachbach | Wachbach | 44,100 | - | 16.2 km 2 | ? | - | 5.4 m | 2004 | |
| HRB Neunkirchen | ⊙ | in front | Neunkirchen | Wachbach | 144,000 | - | 37.0 km 2 | ? | - | 6 m | 2005 | |
| Information on storage space, dam height and year of construction and the usual area of the permanently dammed basins according to the official waterway map. Retention basins with the entry "-" in the column for the permanent storage space are usually waterless. The catchment areas were measured on it, taking as far as possible the area values for the sub-catchment areas that were not to be cut up for this purpose. | ||||||||||||
geology
The Wachbach arises and flows into the shell limestone . The source in red is in the Upper Muschelkalk , which also builds up the ridges in the catchment area below. Only on a marginal strip in the south of the Mount of Olives in an arc around Rot, then in a further western end around the headwaters of the Hachteler Bach and further to the forest height Stöckerbild southwest of Hachtel, the shell limestone still lies on the Lettenkeuper ( Erfurt formation ). The Middle Muschelkalk soon sets in in the valleys , in the case of the Wachbach even before the retention basin on the way to Dörtel. From around the inflow of the Hachteler Bach and to the edge of the old town of Mergentheim, the Wachbach then runs in the Lower Muschelkalk . It flows into the wide strip of floodplain clay in the wide Taubertal.
The Quaternary fillings in their own valley start at Dörtel and widen more and more downstream. Also Quaternary deposited loess sediment islands lie in many places on the high ridges next to the valleys, in which even under a rubble zone on the slopes at the foot of the slope there is often a zone of loess-bearing floating earth.
Immediately below Wachbach, on both side heights, near fault lines begin with the Hochscholle towards the valley, which run roughly in the direction of the valley and further down below Mergentheim also frame the lower valley of the Tauber, which after its westward run through the city in continuation of the Wachbach direction bends north-northwest.
Water quality
As of 2004, the Wachbach was moderately polluted along its entire course from the inflow of the Hachteler Bach to the mouth (quality class II).
Nature and protected areas
In addition to the valleys of the watercourses mentioned in the section on the tributaries, there are also a number of dry valleys that approach them.
Around the upper Hachteler Bach there are some small heather areas protected as natural monuments, on the upper reaches of the Althäuser Bach there are two locations of rare plants with the same protection status. On the Kleiner Knöckle next to its left upper course, Brunnentalbach, a former forest pasture in a beech-shaped forest is designated as a 6.1 hectare nature reserve. In the entire catchment area there are numerous dry and poor grassland biotopes, field hedges and at least one juniper heather on the slopes. Large parts of the catchment area are located in water protection areas . The spring protection area for the Bad Mergentheim mineral springs extends from a little after the tributary of the Stuppach to the mouth. At the parish church of the Coronation of Mary with the image of the Stuppach Madonna , a local source is classified as a geotope.
history
The water of the Wachbach used to feed the moats of the order residence in Bad Mergentheim.
The street name " Am Eissee " still reminds us today that the so-called Mergentheimer Eissee was flooded with the water of the Wachbach over a weir on cold winter days. Until 1920, the local brewers used to get their ice there for cooling. To do this, the meadows were flooded and ice sheets were obtained. The ice was then either brought into the ice cellar or stored directly in the brewery cellars. It was cold enough there that the ice for cooling beer could be stored until summer.
Tauber river system
Individual evidence
LUBW
Official online waterway map with the appropriate section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of the Wachbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( notes )
- ↑ a b Height according to the contour line image on the topographic map background layer .
- ↑ a b c d Height according to the blue lettering on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ a b c Length according to the waterway network layer ( AWGN ) .
- ↑ a b catchment area after the layer aggregated areas 05 .
- ↑ a b Lake area according to the layer standing waters .
- ↑ a b Catchment area according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
- ↑ a b c d e Damming data of the retention basin after the dam layer .
- ↑ Height according to black lettering on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ Catchment area summed up from the sub-catchment areas according to the basic catchment area layer (AWGN) .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k Catchment area measured on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ Length measured on the background layer topographic map .
- ↑ Protected areas according to the relevant layers, nature partly according to the biotope layer .
Other evidence
- ↑ Wolf Dieter Sick: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 162 Rothenburg o. D. Deaf. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1962. → Online map (PDF; 4.7 MB)
- ↑ Height after blue labeling on layer WMS ARKIS digital topographic map 1: 10,000 color combination. on: Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( information )
- ↑ Geology roughly based on: Map server of the State Office for Geology, Raw Materials and Mining (LGRB) ( notes )
- ↑ Biological water quality map 1: 350,000 of the State Institute for Environmental Protection Baden-Württemberg (PDF; 11.7 MB)
- ↑ Article page no longer available , search in web archives: The Wachbach fed the fortress trenches on www.fnweb.de.
- ^ Fränkische Nachrichten: Historisches. In the past, natural ice was extracted for local breweries at sub-zero temperatures. Memory only in the street name . March 3, 2018. Online at www.fnweb.de. Retrieved November 23, 2019.
literature
- Topographic map 1: 25,000 Baden-Württemberg, as a single sheet No. 6524 Bad Mergentheim, No. 6525 Weikersheim and No. 6624 Mulfingen
Web links
- Map of the course and catchment area of the Wachbach on: State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
- Measuring table sheets in the Deutsche Fotothek :
- 6524 Assamstadt from 1881
- 6624 Dörzbach from 1939