Electoral system in Portugal
The electoral system in Portugal describes the electoral system of the Republic of Portugal . It was created after the Carnation Revolution in 1974 and has been anchored in the Portuguese constitution since 1976.
Responsible for the implementation is Secretaria Geral da Administração Interna ( port. For: "General Secretariat for internal administration"), the Secretariat of State in the Portuguese Interior Ministry ( Ministério da Administração Interna ).
The Comissão Nacional de Eleições (Portuguese for: "National Electoral Commission") controls the independence and legality of the elections in Portugal.
Framework
The Parliament of the Portuguese Republic consists of a single chamber, the Assembly of the Republic, which consists of 230 members who are directly elected through general adult elections for a term of no more than four years. The members of the assembly represent the entire country and not the constituencies in which they were elected.
Each of Portugal's eighteen administrative districts, as well as each of the country's two autonomous regions - the Azores and Madeira - is an electoral district. Portuguese voters residing outside the national territory are divided into two constituencies - Europe and the rest of the world - each of which elects two members of the assembly to represent the Portuguese abroad in parliament. The remaining 226 seats are distributed among the constituencies of the respective country according to the proportion of their number of registered voters.
The seats in each constituency are divided according to the largest average proportionality (PR) method designed by the Belgian lawyer Victor D'Hondt in 1899. Although there is no statutory threshold for participation in the allocation of assembly seats, the application of the D'Hondt procedure introduces a de facto threshold at the constituency level.
Political parties and party coalitions can submit lists of candidates. The lists are closed, so voters are not allowed to select individual candidates on this list or change the order.
Government formation
Governments do not need an absolute majority of the assembly to take office, because even if the number of opponents of the government is greater than that of supporters, the number of oppositionists must be equal to or greater than 116 (absolute majority) for both the government's program to be rejected as well as a motion of no confidence can be accepted.
elections
After the end of the semi-fascist Estado Novo dictatorship in 1974 , there were free elections as follows:
Parliamentary elections
- General election in Portugal 1976
- General election in Portugal 1979
- General election in Portugal 1980
- General election in Portugal 1983
- General election in Portugal 1985
- General election in Portugal 1987
- Parliamentary election in Portugal 1991
- Parliamentary election in Portugal 1995
- General election in Portugal 1999
- General election in Portugal 2002
- General election in Portugal 2005
- General election in Portugal 2009
- General election in Portugal 2011
- General election in Portugal 2015
- General election in Portugal 2019
European elections
Portugal joined what is now the European Union in 1986 .
- European elections in Portugal in 1987
- European elections in Portugal in 1989
- European elections in Portugal in 1994
- European elections in Portugal 1999
- European elections in Portugal 2004
- European elections in Portugal 2009
- European elections in Portugal 2014
- European elections in Portugal 2019
Presidential election
The President of Portugal has been elected since the First Portuguese Republic was proclaimed in 1910.
- Presidential election in Portugal 1911
- Presidential election in Portugal May 1915
- Presidential election in Portugal August 1915
- Presidential election in Portugal 1918
- Presidential election in Portugal 1919
- Presidential election in Portugal 1923
- Presidential election in Portugal 1925
- Presidential election in Portugal 1928
- Presidential election in Portugal 1935
- Presidential election in Portugal 1942
- Presidential election in Portugal 1949
- Presidential election in Portugal 1951
- Presidential election in Portugal 1958
- Presidential election in Portugal 1965
- Presidential election in Portugal 1972
- Presidential election in Portugal 1976
- Presidential election in Portugal in 1980
- Presidential election in Portugal 1986
- Presidential election in Portugal 1991
- Presidential election in Portugal 1996
- Presidential election in Portugal 2001
- Presidential election in Portugal 2006
- Presidential election in Portugal 2011
- Presidential election in Portugal 2016
Local elections
The first local elections in Portugal (port. Eleições autárquicas ) after the Carnation Revolution of 1974 took place after the territorial reorganization by the Constitution of Portugal in 1976, which reformed the administrative structure of Portugal .
- Local elections in Portugal in 1976
- Local elections in Portugal 1979
- Local elections in Portugal 1982
- Local elections in Portugal 1985
- Local elections in Portugal in 1989
- Local elections in Portugal 1993
- Local elections in Portugal 1997
- Local elections in Portugal 2001
- Local elections in Portugal 2005
- Local elections in Portugal 2009
- Local elections in Portugal 2013
- Local elections in Portugal 2017
See also
- Comissão Nacional de Eleições (Portuguese State Electoral Commission)
- List of political parties in Portugal
- Portuguese government
- President (Portugal)
Web links
- Website of the Comissão Nacional de Eleições , the Portuguese national electoral commission
- Website of the Secretaria Geral da Administração Interna , the Portuguese State Secretariat in the Ministry of the Interior ( Ministério da Administração Interna )
- Portal do Eleitor , German: “Voters Portal”, portal of the responsible State Secretariat with all information and links about elections in Portugal