Walhausen (Saar)
|
Walhausen
District of Nohfelden
|
||
|---|---|---|
 |
||
| Height : | 379 m above sea level NN | |
| Residents : | 619 (Jan 2012) | |
Location of Walhausen in Saarland |
||
 Aerial view of Walhausen
|
||
Walhausen is a district of the municipality of Nohfelden in the district of St. Wendel (Nordsaarland) near the Bostalsee . Walhausen (spoken: Wallhausen ) has about 620 inhabitants and is 385 m above sea level, at the highest point of the Saarbrücken - Bingerbrück - Frankfurt (Main) railway line ( Nahe Valley Railway ).
Walhausen is known for the charcoal festival , which takes place approximately every five years , during which charcoal is produced in a charcoal kiln over a period of 14 days using an old craft method.
There is also an old copper and lead mine (1454–1792) in Walhausen. Numerous committed groups and associations create a lively community life. There is also a Waldorf school here.
history
It is unclear whether the name goes back to a first name or to the nearby Buchwald ("Waldhausen").
An extensive Roman settlement is said to have been in the “Hahnhauser Mauer” district. The fate of the village has been closely linked to Nohfeld Castle since the 14th century. Around 1600, Walhausen appointed a lay judge to the Hubengericht in Hirstein and the executioner of the Nohfelden district. The so-called “messenger of Walhausen”, who is said to have enjoyed great popularity as a magician and blessing spokesman , used the superstition of that time .
Before the place became the seat of a mairie for the villages of Asweiler, Eitzweiler, Mosberg-Richweiler and Steinberg, battles between French and Austrians took place on the “Walhausener” spell. From 1817 to 1937 Walhausen belonged to the Oldenburg Principality of Birkenfeld .
On January 1, 1974, Walhausen was incorporated into the community of Nohfelden.
The Walhausener Kupfer- u. Lead mine
With the end of the 18th century, not least due to the effects of the French Revolution, ore mining near Walhausen and its neighboring villages Mosberg-Richweiler, Wolfersweiler and Gimbweiler came to an end. More than 300 years of mining history came to an end. The end had also come for the ore smelting in Nohfelden . All efforts afterwards to start ore mining in this region again have failed. Only the remains of the spacious mine are still silent witnesses of a formerly flourishing mining industry in the municipality of Nohfelden.
During its heyday (approx. 1454–1792), the mine was under the "Hochfürstlich-Pfalz-Zweibrückischer rule". The main mining area was close to the place. A copper and silver smelter with the central location in Nohfelden belonged to the mine.
With the aim of making parts of the mine accessible to the public in accordance with statutory provisions, the Historische Bergwerkverein Walhausen e. V. founded. The association currently has just over 100 members (as of 2011). Since the foundation of the association, hundreds of meters of mine tunnels that have now been buried have been exposed again and kept free of pit water by newly created, permanent drains.
Walhausen coal pile (Saar)
Pile with different layers (wood, spruce branches, turf)
Covered with clay, ready to light
Finished kiln with vestibule, charcoal burner hut and fireplace
Walhauser Kohlenmeiler in action
Charcoal yield
Barrack Church
In Walhausen there is a Catholic diaspora community that belongs to the Wolfersweiler parish. After the Second World War, she built a small branch church ( Herz-Mariä-Kirche ) with her own resources , for which she used a wooden barracks from the neighboring town of Mosberg-Richweiler. The barrack was built on a foundation made of natural stone , and its original wooden structure is still visible today. Barrack churches (including emergency churches ) were often built in the post-war period, when building materials could hardly be found, and were usually later replaced by new buildings. Barrack churches in their original state are rarely found today.
In the Walhausen Church there are two Madonna figures, each clad in a sky-blue coat. In the entrance area, another enthroned Madonna and Child, who is also wearing a blue coat, is posted on the outer wall. She is venerated as the " Blue Madonna ".
The "dead oak"
The Catholic diaspora community belongs to the Wolfersweiler parish . Until its own church was built in Walhausen, the parish church in Wolfersweiler was the focus of Catholic community life. Weddings, baptisms and funerals were held there. At funerals, the Walhauser parishioners accompanied the deceased in a funeral procession to his grave in Wolfersweiler. After leaving the village, this path led up a steep ascent, at the apex of which there was a centuries-old, mighty oak. At this point, so the legend goes, the funeral procession stopped and lingered for a few moments to allow the deceased one last “look” at his hometown Walhausen. The once mighty tree was therefore popularly known as the "dead oak". Thanks to a number of measures to preserve it, the bizarre oak still exists today.
Menhir of Walhausen
In the western area of the village there is a monolith , popularly called "Hinkelstein von Walhausen". It belongs to the monument category of menhirs and is associated with the prehistoric ancestor cult . The monolith is dated to the late Copper Age (2000–1800 BC). Similar occurrences can be found in the Central European landscapes of the stone box culture up to the French Brittany coast, as well as in Spain and in northern Africa. In addition to the "Hinkelstein", two other menhirs of this type have been identified in Saarland: the " Gollenstein " near Blieskastel and the Spellenstein in the St. Ingbert district of Rentrisch .
The "Hinkelstein von Walhausen" weighs 13 tons. Its original location was further to the west in the area of the headwaters of the Fuhrtbach on the municipal boundary to the neighboring village of Steinberg -ckenhardt. The boulder was lifted on June 15, 1985 and set up again at its current location in a small alluvial forest .
Free Waldorf School Saar-Hunsrück
The "Free Waldorf School Saar-Hunsrück" has established itself in Walhausen . It is a state-approved substitute school and was founded in 1997 by a regional parents' initiative and gradually expanded into a school for grades 1 - 13. The pupils can also attend the voluntary all-day school, which guarantees afternoon care until 5 p.m. The school sponsor is the registered association "Waldorfschulverein Saar - Hunsrück eV". The school provides all state-recognized educational qualifications, including the Abitur . She was housed in the rooms of a converted former emigrant dormitory; The structure of the building was considerably expanded and modernized in the course of the following years, partly thanks to the parents' own contributions. New building complexes were built. The school is now fully developed and can accommodate up to 360 students.
The inclusion of technical and practical lessons as well as agriculture in the school concept is intended to promote the development of creativity, independence, self-confidence and the ability to act through practical learning. The conscious choice of the rural location in Walhausen for the Free Waldorf School Saar-Hunsrück is intended to ensure a natural, ecological education.
As a special educational feature, the school has had its own school farm since 2002 . There, around 13 hectares of land are used as arable land, pasture land and for growing vegetables. All common types of farm are represented in animal husbandry. The aim of this model project is to make social behavior and ecological relationships tangible for the pupils.
In 2011 the school was certified and received the Social Cert certificate according to the international standard ISO 9001. The certificate confirms that "... the daily processes are optimized and work is targeted."
Individual evidence
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 810 .
- ↑ Walhausen Waldorf School receives Social Cert certificate . In: Saarbrücker Zeitung (St. Wendel edition) of August 26, 2011, p. C6
literature
- Walhausen 1333–1983: a village u. his story. Ed .: Festival committee "Arbeitsgemeinschaft Walhauser Vereine". Ed .: Gerd-Peter Leismann. Nohfelden-Walhausen: Selbstverl., 1983. 116 S., Ill.
- Schroeder, Kurt: About the menhir from Nohfelden-Walhausen. A geowiss. Under in relation to on regional studies. Saarbrücken, 1993. In: Journal for the history of the Saar region; 41: 13-26 (1993).
- Müller-Schwefe, Gerhard: To the "Hinkelstein" of Walhausen. In: Journal for the history of the Saar region; 42, pp. 13-15 (1994).
- Stephan, Klaus W .: The former copper and lead pits in the Walhausen area. In: Lecture collection of the working group for regional studies in the historical association for the Saar region eV 1995. S. 51–58, Ill., Kt.
- Bühler, Hans-Eugen: A contribution to the history of mining and its workforce in Nohfelden and Walhausen. In: Heimatbuch des Landkreis St. Wendel; 26 (1995/96), pp. 58-171, Ill., Kt.
- Bühler, Hans-Eugen: On the history of mining in Nohfelden-Walhausen. In: Journal for the history of the Saar region; 44 (1996), pp. 123-143, Ill., Kt.
- Schroeder, Kurt: The menhir from Nohfelden-Walhausen - a reply. In: Journal for the history of the Saar region; 44: 9-15 (1996).
- Bühler, Hans-Eugen: The workers of the copper mines in Nohfelden-Walhausen in the 18th century. In: Saarland family studies; 29 (1996), pp. 2-18.
- Digging old tunnels free - visitor mine in Walhausen. In: Saarbrücker Zeitung / Ed. St. Wendel (February 25, 1998), p. 12.
- 666 years Walhausen: 1333 - 1999. Industrial culture and people; an extract from the story. Ed .: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Walhauser Vereine. Nonnweiler-Otzenhausen: Burr, 1999. 128 S., Ill., U. Kt. ISBN 3-9802717-9-X .
Web links
- Walhausen part of the municipality of Nohfelden
- Literature about Walhausen (Saar) in the Saarland Bibliography
