Colliery Bergmann

Colliery Bergmann
	General information about the mine
other names	Witten coal mine
Funding / year	Max. 40,966 t
	Information about the mining company
Employees	Max. 553
Start of operation	1800
End of operation	1921
Successor use	United Tannenberg colliery
	Funded raw materials
Degradation of	Hard coal
	Geographical location
Coordinates	51 ° 25 '21.3 " N , 7 ° 21' 18.2" E Coordinates: 51 ° 25 '21.3 " N , 7 ° 21' 18.2" E
	Location Bergmann colliery
Location	Wartenberg
local community	Witten
District ( NUTS3 )	Ennepe-Ruhr district
country	State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country	Germany
District	Ruhr area

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The Bergmann colliery is a former hard coal mine in Witten -Wartenberg. The mine is not identical to the small mine of the same name in Witten-Annen-Borbachtal. The mine was given a new name several times during its operation.

history

The beginnings

On October 13, 1777, the request was made . Before 1800, a tunnel was excavated in the Bergmann seam . This seam is identical to the main seam. The tunnel was set up in the Ruhr Valley south of the Kohlensiepen. The tunnel was located 130 meters east of today's Wetterstrasse. A fault was encountered after just a short drive . Due to this disruption, the further opening was postponed . In 1801 the prospecting work was resumed. Around 1804, operations were stopped again. In 1817 the muted seam was exposed. In 1819 operations were resumed. The excavation of the tunnel was continued behind the fault, but the seam had not yet been reached. In the following year, a new tunnel was cut across the seam slope . On May 8, 1821, a length field for mining in seam Bergmann was awarded . In 1824 trial operations were carried out at the colliery. The following year, the tunnel and a shaft were in operation, and mining began. In 1826 the Weidemann and Hirsch mutations were combined with the Bergmann colliery. In March of the same year, the Bergmann colliery was shut down. The reason for the shutdown was the low sales. On June 4, 1829, another length field was awarded. In October 1843 the mine was put back into operation. Then the test tunnel was re aufgewältigt and after the promotion started. In 1848 the tunnel reached a length of about 70 laughs . In November of the same year, the Bergmann colliery was shut down again. The reason this time was the poor profitability of the mine. The Längenfeld Prudens was awarded on September 5, 1851. This length field was accidentally reduced to a length of 100 laughs by 1848. Alignment work was resumed that same year . In 1852, the mining began again.

On the mine were two seams with different thicknesses in Verhieb . The thickness of one seam varied between 16 and 24 inches . The other seam was 30 inches thick. Lean coals that were used for lime and brick burning were mined. In 1855 a railroad for trams was created. At that time the mine belonged to the Märkisches Bergamts district and there to the jury district of Hörde . On July 29, 1857, the right to inherit the mining tunnel was granted. In 1861, the Geviertfeld Edmund II was awarded the eastern continuation of the Bergmann field. On April 24 of 1871 consolidated the Miner Erbstollen with the length fields Bernadotte, Prudens and miner and the square box Edmond II to mine miner. On March 12, 1872, the consolidation was confirmed. In 1875, the coal reserves above the bottom of the tunnel were mined to a fault located 200 meters east of the tunnel mouth hole . For this reason, the Bergmann colliery was closed this year. This shutdown of the mine took several years. The mine was not put back into operation until 1889, and a test tunnel was opened on what would later be the colliery site.

The transition to civil engineering

The transition to civil engineering began in 1890 . A start was made to sink a ton- length shaft into the main seam . In 1891 was at a shallow depth (32 meters by 50 meters, Seiger ) recognized the 1st sole. In 1892, the second level was set at a shallow depth of 165 meters (110 meters above sea level) and mining began. In the same year there was increased inflow of mine water . In 1894 the old tunnel sole was cleared. In 1896 a daytime flood was created. The following year, work began on digging a broken weather shaft . In 1898 the weather shaft reached a depth of 46 meters. In 1899 the Kortmannsglück seam was approached. The seam was 0.6 meters thick. To reach the seam, a 90-meter-long cross passage was driven from the Bergmann seam . It was also this year on days creating a railway connection. In addition, the Kaue was expanded and a water pipe installed to feed the boilers with Ruhr water . This year, two miners were killed underground by falling rocks. In 1901 the Längenfeld Neue Kortmannsglück was taken over. This length field had already been awarded on January 11, 1842 and was not yet scratched. A tunnel was created from the Zechenplatz. The tunnel was planned to open up the new mine field with the seam Kortmannsglück. On December 25, 1901, the pump system failed and the mine workings fell into disrepair.

In 1903 a winder with a transmission was installed. In addition, a roof made of a steel structure was built over the suspended bank of the barrel-length shaft. On November 14, 1904, the owners of the mine filed for bankruptcy, after which the owners of the mine changed. In the same year the Längenfelder Neues Kortmannsglück, Schlagbaum I and Schlagbaum II were acquired. In the following year, work began on digging the shaft, which took several tons. In 1906, the third level was set at a shallow depth of 336 meters (215 meters above sea level). This year the shaft reached a total depth of 348 meters. In 1909 three shafts were in operation. In that year, the Engelhardt Geviertfeld and the Schöne Aussicht length field were acquired. On February 1 of the same year, the mine changed hands again, and at the same time the mine was renamed the Witten hard coal mine.

Operation as a coal mine in Witten

After the change of ownership, the mine went into operation under the name Wittener Steinkohlenbergwerk. In the same year, a processing plant was built in Kohlensiepen . There were three shafts, two of which were functioning as a weather shaft and a ton-long shaft was used as a delivery shaft. The bottom of the mine was at a depth of 19 meters (+72 meters above sea level ). The third level was at a shallow depth of 336 meters (215 meters above sea level, therefore at −124 meters above sea level). The Berechtsame included the length fields Bergmann, Prudent (Prudens), Bernadotte, New Kortmannsglück, Bergmann Erbstollen, Nice view , Saamsbank, turnpike I and turnpike II. In addition, these included the square fields Engelhardt and Edmund II. The construction site had the proportions of three kilometers Underlining and two kilometers cross-cut. In 1910 four shafts were in operation, three of which were used as weather shafts and one shaft was used for extraction. This year a briquette factory went into operation.

To further align the mine, the excavation of a rock section began in 1911. However, the excavation has been route deferred at a Auffahrungslänge of 200 meters. In the same year, work began on digging a seigeren shaft on the weather line, and work was postponed at a depth of ten meters. The quarter fields Saul, König and Witten were acquired. It was planned to consolidate the fields into the United Tannenberg colliery. However, this consolidation did not take place. On April 16, 1912, the mine works fell into disrepair . For this reason, funding was discontinued and bankruptcy was declared. On May 18 of the same year, the mine was placed under compulsory administration and on October 28 it was foreclosed. After the auction, the mine workings began to be swamped . On December 27th of the same year, the mine workings fell again. At this point in time, Längenfeld Schöne Aussicht became independent again. From 1913 onwards, mining continued in the upper Borbachtal under the name Zeche Borbachtal. In the same year the briquette factory was taken out of operation.

On January 2, 1919, there was another change of ownership and renaming to Zeche Bergmann. In the same year the old tunnel was cleared again . In addition, several new tunnels were excavated in the Borbachtal, and in the end there were nine tunnels. On April 27 of the same year, the mine was leased by the Witten Bergbaugesellschaft mbH. In 1920, the old civil engineering began to be swamped. The ton-length shaft located in this mine field has been called the Donatus shaft since then. At that time there were six tunnels and three shafts in operation. In the period from October 27th to November 28th, 1921, the Bergmann colliery consolidated with other mines to form the United Tannenberg colliery.

Promotion and workforce

The first production and workforce figures come from the year 1845, in that year four to seven miners were employed at the mine who produced 20,139 bushels of hard coal . In 1847, around 110 tons of hard coal were mined by five miners. In 1855, 26 miners extracted 17,962 tons of coal from Prussia . In 1860, the production was 19,500 Prussian tons of hard coal. In 1865 164,670 bushels of hard coal were mined. In 1870, eleven miners extracted 3512 tons of hard coal. In 1873 there was a drastic decrease in production, 151 tons of hard coal were extracted by seven miners. In 1892, 30 miners extracted around 2000 tons of hard coal. In 1895, 29 miners extracted 3455 tons of hard coal. In 1900 the production increased to 23,010 tons of hard coal, this production was provided by 130 miners. In 1905 115 miners extracted 15,004 tons of hard coal. In 1908, 24,215 tons of hard coal were mined; this was done by 151 miners. In 1909, 160 miners extracted 20,370 tons of hard coal. In 1910, the maximum production of the mine was achieved with 296 employees, 40,966 tons of hard coal were produced. In 1911, 309 miners produced 30,017 tons of hard coal. In 1912, 137 miners extracted 14,291 tons of hard coal. The last known production and workforce figures for the mine are from 1920. In that year 32,000 tons of hard coal were mined, the workforce was 553.

Current condition

Buildings of the successor company Borbachtal still exist from the Bergmann colliery. There are also two tunnel mouth holes.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.
^ ^A ^b ^c Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: Early sites of the Ruhr mining industry. Monograph on the history of the Ruhr area, Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1975, ISBN 3-922014-01-1 .
^ The early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche Bergmann (accessed on March 15, 2013)

Web links

Early mining on the Ruhr: Historical map around 1840 (accessed on November 29, 2012)
Early mining in the Ruhr: Map of the situation around 2000 (accessed on November 29, 2012)

Remarks

↑ In mining, a daytime excavation is a mine that was excavated in the seam from below to above ground . Overwashes are used for weather management and driving . (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. )

↑ The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )

[Quelle_1-1] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .

[Quelle_2-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .

[Quelle_3-3] Ludwig Herrmann Wilhelm Jacobi : The mining, metallurgy and trade of the government district Arnsberg in statistical representation. Published by Julius Bädeker, Iserlohn 1857.

[Quelle_4-5] A ^b ^c Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: Early sites of the Ruhr mining industry. Monograph on the history of the Ruhr area, Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1975, ISBN 3-922014-01-1 .

[Quelle_5-7] The early mining on the Ruhr: Zeche Bergmann (accessed on March 15, 2013)

[Anm._Cramm.-4] In mining, a daytime excavation is a mine that was excavated in the seam from below to above ground . Overwashes are used for weather management and driving . (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. )

[Anm._Förderv.-6] The direction that runs horizontally across the longitudinal axis of the deposit is referred to as cross-cutting . (Source: Förderverein Rammelsberger Bergbaumuseum Goslar eV (Ed.): Ore mining in Rammelsberg. )