Friederika colliery

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Friederika colliery
General information about the mine
Geological Garden Bochum01.jpg
Former brick factory and today's Geological Garden in Bochum
Funding / year Max. 215,097 t
Information about the mining company
Employees up to 935
Start of operation 1868
End of operation 1907
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Bituminous coal / coal iron stone
Degradation of Coal iron stone
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 28 '5 "  N , 7 ° 13' 36"  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 '5 "  N , 7 ° 13' 36"  E
Friederika Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
Friederika colliery
Location Friederika colliery
Location Wiemelhausen
local community Bochum
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Bochum
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The Friederika colliery is a former hard coal mine in Bochum -Stadtmitte-Süd. The mine emerged from a consolidation and was also known under the names Zeche Friederica , Zeche Friederice and Zeche Friederica Tiefbau . From 1889 the mine was also called Zeche Dannenbaum III and IV . The entitlement has its origin in many small fields , the oldest of which was the Zeche Princess , which was awarded in 1749 .

history

The beginnings

In 1868, the consolidated bill Friederica Erbstolln with square boxes princess Pauline Friederica no. 14, Elise Friederica no. 12, Friederica no. 13, Pretiosa, and Nemesis to mine Friederica. These coal fields had a total size of 6.6 km 2 . Then there were the Eisensteinfelder Clemens, Gerechtigkeit, Giesbert, Schrötter, Johann, Toni and Invention. Since the stocks above the bottom of the Erbstollen were exhausted, the Friederica Erbstolln colliery, which belongs to the beneficiary, had already started to move to civil engineering . Friederica Erbstolln's shaft 1 on Wiemelhauser Strasse was now used to further align the mine in civil engineering . At a later date, the shaft was given the name Alter Förderschacht . In the same year the first level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 36 pools and the second level at 66 pools. In addition, that year the Friederica union was transformed into a new law union with a thousand parts. In 1869, mining began in shaft 1 ; this was used to cover personal needs. The following year the mine was connected to the railway. The connection was made through the 438 rods long rail connection to the station Bochum the Bergisch railway . At that time the mine belonged to the Dahlhausen mining area .

The first years of operation

From the year 1870, regular mining began in civil engineering. The ventilation of the mine structure was carried out using natural Wetterzug . For this purpose, several weather reports were created. That year was also the Erbstollen degraded and it was days a double-acting direct dewatering machine installed. This steam-powered machine had a displacement of 66 inches . In addition, a 28 inch pressure set including cast iron shaft rods was installed. A coking plant and a separation plant for processing the coal extracted were put into operation. In 1873 the sinking work for shaft 2 began. The shaft was a kilometer from Tray 1 south south of the waterway between King Avenue and west of the road Wiemelhauser set . (Coordinates 51 ° 28 ′  N , 7 ° 13 ′  E ) The shaft should be used as a weather shaft.

In 1873, the Amatus subfield was acquired by the Dannenbaum colliery and in the following year the bottom of the tunnel was set in weather shaft 2 at a depth of 37 meters (+ 77 m above sea ​​level ). At a depth of 82 meters (+ 32 m above sea level) on the 1st level and at a depth of 141 meters (- 26 m above sea level) on the 2nd level, you penetrated . In the following year, shaft 2 was put into operation as a weather shaft, however, due to the global economic crisis, no extraction took place through the shaft. In 1877, shaft 1 was sunk further. In 1878 the 3rd level was set at a depth of 209 meters (-99 m above sea level). In 1878, the trades were condemned to also hand over freikuxe to the school communities that were within the authorized, and to the Catholic and Protestant churches. In 1880, the minor mining was stopped on the bottom of the Erbstollen. On the second floor of shaft 2 which started preparatory works for the breakdown in the seam thickness bank. In 1882 the mine field of the Iduna colliery was acquired, which remained separately in production for some time.

From 1883 onwards, coal iron was also mined from the Dickebank seam at shaft 2 , while all hard coal was lifted centrally on mine I. Funding was provided from the 2nd level. On November 1, 1883, the connecting line from shaft 2 to the Bochum-Nord - Weitmar line of the Rheinische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (RhE) was put into operation. In 1884, Friederika began to open up the Iduna field. In the following year, operations at shaft 2 were temporarily suspended. In 1886 the breakthrough to the Dannenbaum colliery took place . In 1889, the Dresdner Bank and the Rothschild banking house took over all the Kuxe of the Friederika union. A price of five million marks was paid for the entire mine. In addition, the banks paid a severance payment of 270,000 marks. On September 23 of the same year, the mine ownership went to the joint stock company of the Dannenbaum colliery.

The further operation after the takeover

After the takeover by the Dannenbaum union, the operating area of ​​shaft 1 was renamed to Dannenbaum III and shaft 2 was renamed to Dannenbaum IV. Both operating areas continued to operate independently. Since the old machine shaft of the Friederica Erbstolln had meanwhile been broken , the sinking work for a new shaft began in 1890. The shaft was set at Wittener street and initially 18 meters cowardly to the carbon geteuft, then the shaft was tonnlägig in the seam Luise to the first sole weitergeteuft. In 1891, the production of shaft 2 was stopped and the shaft was only used as a weather shaft for the Dannenbaum II operating section. After shaft 2 with the Dannenbaum field broke through, the mining of coal iron stone was also stopped. In 1892, for a short period of time, coal mining was resumed from the third level at shaft 2. In the same year a briquette factory was put into operation. In 1894, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the following year, the fourth level was set in the shaft at a depth of 315 meters (+ 205 m above sea level). Shaft 2 was closed in 1896, and the briquette factory was also closed on June 15 of the same year.

In 1898 a small coke separation plant was installed and put into operation at the mine. Underground still pre-focused iron stone pillars were further in Verhieb taken. The iron stone that had already been roasted and deposited on the roast dump could be sold. In order to be able to sink a new shaft, a piece of land south of shaft 1 was purchased. In addition, a new pit ventilator was installed in shaft 2 and put into operation. In 1898 work began on sinking a new shaft. The shaft was set up in Wiemelhausen 280 meters south of shaft 1. The mine was now part of the south Bochum mining area. On June 15 of the same year there was a break in shaft 1. For this reason, the shaft had to be filled up to below the 2nd level. As a result, funding was canceled until the end of July. At that time, there were a total of seven seams in the mine. The seams were between 0.6 and 3.0 meters thick . Four of the seams were without recovery packs , the remaining three seams had recovery packs between 0.05 and 0.6 meters thick. In 1899, mining began in the shaft from the 4th level. In the same year the mine was taken over by the Aktiengesellschaft für Eisen- und Kohlenindustrie Differdingen-Dannenbaum, which later became the German-Luxembourgish mining and smelting company.

The last few years

In 1902 the old shaft was finally backfilled. Shaft 3 has now been renamed to New Shaft 1. In the same year, work began on sinking a new weather shaft. The shaft was reattached next to shaft 1. In 1902, the midsole was set in the shaft at a depth of 404 meters (+ 290 m above sea level). In 1903 the sinking work was largely complete. The third level of the shaft penetrated, and production began in the same year. In 1904 the weather shaft on Wittener Straße was filled. In 1905, the western half of the field was transferred to the Prinz Regent colliery , the eastern half of the field remained at the Dannenbaum colliery. At that time the mine was still in production. On April 1st of the same year the briquette factory was put back into operation and the mining of coal iron stone resumed. In 1906, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper.

In 1907 the shareholders decided to shut down the Friederika colliery. The reason was that the pit field was too small, and the mine was no longer profitable. The remaining coals could easily be mined by the two neighboring mines, Dannenbaum and Prinz Regent. In the same year, the 5th level was set in shaft 1 at a depth of 489 meters (+ 375 m above sea level). On the new shaft 1, only for personal use was now promoted. Further mining was funded underground in part to the Dannenbaum colliery and in part to the Prinz Regent colliery. The Friederika colliery was shut down in the same year. The coking plant and the briquette factory were also shut down. Most of the daytime facilities were demolished during the year . In the following year, the weather shaft next to shaft 1, which was only sunk in 1903, was refilled. In 1909, shaft 2 was taken over by the Prinz Regent colliery. The shaft was used as a weather shaft for the two mines Prinz Regent Dannenbaum.

Promotion and workforce

The first known production and workforce figures date from 1868, when twelve miners were employed at the mine, who produced 2966 tons of hard coal and 25,620 tons of iron stone. In 1870, with 369 employees, 57,179 tons of hard coal and 23,690 tons of iron stone were mined. In 1875 coal production rose to 101,913 tons of hard coal and 32,744 tons of iron stone, this production was provided with 424 employees. The coals mined at the time were light, but lumpy , fatty coals. In 1880, 352 employees extracted 93,835 tons of iron stone. In 1885 the highest ore extraction of the mine was achieved. With 568 employees 197,672 tons of iron stone and 118,680 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1890, 718 employees mined 167,235 tons of hard coal and 58,987 tons of iron stone. In 1893 the mine had its highest hard coal production, Eisenstein was not mined that year. With 688 employees, 215,097 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1895, 691 employees mined 191,461 tons of hard coal and 26,350 tons of iron stone. In the meantime, edible coals were increasingly being extracted from the mine. In 1900, with 758 employees, 177,416 tons of hard coal were mined. The mining of Eisenstein was stopped until 1905. In 1905, with 919 employees, the production amounted to 5,135 tons of iron stone and 193,060 tons of hard coal, which mainly consisted of edible coal. In 1907 103,406 tons of hard coal and 5,171 tons of iron stone were mined with 935 employees. These are the last known funding and workforce figures for the Friederika colliery as an independent mine.

Current condition

In Bochum, the "Friederikastraße" and the Bochum Geological Garden on the site of the former brickworks of the mine still remind of the colliery .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning until 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum. 144). 3rd, revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  3. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Glückauf Verlag, Essen 1957.
  4. ↑ a b Gerhard Knospe: Works Railways in German Coal Mining and Its Steam Locomotives, Part 1 - Data, facts, sources . 1st edition. Self-published, Heiligenhaus 2018, ISBN 978-3-9819784-0-7 , p. 485 .
  5. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870.
  6. ↑ a b Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871.
  7. ↑ Kurt Pfläging: Stein's journey through coal mining on the Ruhr. 1st edition. Geiger Verlag, Horb am Neckar 1999, ISBN 3-89570-529-2 .
  8. ↑ Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume forty-sixth, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898.
  9. ^ A b Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The Development of Lower Rhine-Westphalian Hard Coal Mining in the Second Half of the 19th Century. Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902, p. 316.
  10. ↑ The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. second completely revised and completed edition. Publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874.

Web links

Remarks

  1. ↑ A weather overburden is a mine that is built in the seam from bottom to top and is used for ventilation . (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Bergman language in the Ruhr area. )