Dannenbaum colliery

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Dannenbaum colliery
General information about the mine
Altenbochumer Werkstaetten.jpg
Former office and laundry building of the Dannenbaum I mine
Funding / year Max. 727,211 t
Information about the mining company
Employees up to 3091
Start of operation 1860
End of operation 1958
Successor use Commercial space
Funded raw materials
Degradation of Bituminous coal / coal iron stone
Degradation of Coal iron stone
Geographical location
Coordinates 51 ° 28 ′ 4 ″  N , 7 ° 16 ′ 0 ″  E Coordinates: 51 ° 28 ′ 4 ″  N , 7 ° 16 ′ 0 ″  E
Dannenbaum Colliery (Ruhr Regional Association)
Dannenbaum colliery
Location of the Dannenbaum colliery
Location Laer
local community Bochum
Independent city ( NUTS3 ) Bochum
country State of North Rhine-Westphalia
Country Germany
District Ruhr area

The Dannenbaum colliery was a hard coal mine in the Bochum district of Laer . The mine was also known as the Zeche Tannenbaum or Zeche Tannebaum until 1865 . At times iron ore was also extracted at the mine . The mine was initially operated as a tunnel mine in the 18th century. The Dannenbaum colliery was one of the founding members of the Rheinisch-Westphalian coal syndicate .

history

Former Winding machine house of the Dannenbaum II mine

The beginnings

The mining in the mining area of the coal mine Dannebaum existed since 1736. At that time, the upper tunnel in the area of today's Alarichstraße in operation. In 1755 there were problems with the mining authority in Schwerte, so the authority demanded proof of the lending claims. In the following year, the coal supplies were almost depleted . Since the proof of the mining license required in 1755 had still not been provided by the mine owners, the mining authorities prohibited the mine from continuing to operate. In the year 1758 the tunnel was badly broken . In the following year, the old shaft in Dannenberger Siepen was repaired down to a depth of 20 feet . However, you could not continue working from this depth, as the mining authorities forbade further operation. In 1774, the upper tunnel was driven further north and mining began again. In the same year, a suspicion was given to a seam that had been driven into. This seam had already been mined earlier. In 1775 a Mutschacht was sunk . The shaft was sunk into a seam that had already been excavated earlier over the upper adit. In the following year, there was a minor dismantling, and operations were discontinued in the course of the year.

In 1783 a length field was measured . In the following year, operations were resumed in the Oberstollen. In 1785 the mining authority issued a dismantling ban. In the same year, a presumption was made for an inheritance tunnel. The hereditary tunnel was created in the area of ​​the border between Opel Plant I and Markstrasse. It was driven five laughs lower than the upper tunnel in a northerly direction. In the same year the conjecture from 1774 was measured. In 1788 the excavation of the Erbstollen was stopped. In 1790 the right to inheritance was granted . The excavation of the tunnel continued and the mine field was aligned . In 1793 the mining permit for the hereditary tunnel was granted. Operations began in the same year. In 1796 the area of ​​shaft 1 was mined. In 1800 shafts 3, 4 and 5 were in operation. In 1805, shaft 2, shaft 8, Friedrich shaft and Glückauf shaft were in operation. In 1810 the Andreas, Ramp and Christian shafts were in operation. In 1820 the Leite shaft was in operation. In 1822, the tunnel had now reached a length of 900 meters. The August and Leite shafts were in operation this year. At this time the coal reserves above the bottom of the Erbstollen were almost depleted. In 1825, mining was already being carried out under the tunnel floor in the substation construction . In 1828 three length fields were awarded. The Syberg shaft was sunk in 1830. In 1835 the August shaft and the hope shaft were in operation.

The further expansion

In 1840 the mine field was further aligned. At that time the mine was part of the Westlich Witten mining area . In the same year the Friederica, Wetterschacht and Hope pits were in operation. South of the Hope Shaft, an old shaft was built down to seam no. 28 deeper down to the bottom of the tunnel. The shaft then had a depth of 13 1/2 laughs. From the depth the first seven puddles were seiger and the rest of the depth were tonnage with a dip of 74.8 gon . In 1843, underground construction was already carried out 20 meters below the bottom of the tunnel. In 1846, an agreement was reached that could cause Berechtsame of mine Isabella should be digested by the Dannebaum Erbstollen. However, the two mines were not consolidated . In the following year, the August, Hope, Syberg, Weather shaft, conveyor shaft and test shaft were in operation. It was a Erbstollenquerschlag ascended to the south. In 1848, Isabella was begun to reduce in the field, promoted was to the trolley Agnes. The Anna and Lina shafts were sunk in order to investigate the building worthiness of the deposit in the Dannenbaumer Nordfeld. The Anna shaft was sunk to a depth of ten pools and the Lina shaft to a depth of 4 1/2 pools. In 1849, mining in the Isabella field was stopped due to poor conditions. In the Isabella field only fixture work was carried out. On February 23rd of the same year, the Geviertfeld Dannenbaum and Schöne Sister were awarded as attachments. In addition, the ore rights Elise was awarded. In 1851 operations in the entire tunnel field were stopped.

The transition to civil engineering

In 1859 the transition to civil engineering began. For this purpose, the sinking work for the Schiller shaft was started. The shaft was south of the present Dannebaum road, beside pit Hercules, stated . The shaft was sunk in the same year to a depth of 13 1/2 pools. During the sinking work, the carbon was reached at a depth of ten meters. In 1861, at a depth of 74 meters (+ 46 m above sea ​​level ), the first level , as a weather sole , was added. In the same year, mining began in the Schiller mine. In addition, a horse-drawn tram to Langendreer station of the Bergisch-Märkische Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft (BME) was put into operation that year. From October 5, 1862, the horses were replaced by locomotives. The sinking work in the Schiller shaft was resumed as early as 1862 and the shaft was sunk deeper. The reason for this measure was seam No. 34. This seam, which was above the weather bed, was less thick than previously assumed. At that time the mine belonged to the Dahlhausen district.

In 1863, the second level was set as the first underground level in the Schiller shaft at a depth of 145 meters (-25 m above sea level). Subsequently, the swamp crosscut was set at a depth of 71 pools . On the bottom of the weather, the southern cross passage was driven 10 1/2 more holes. A seam with a thickness of 21 inches was crossed. The operation, which had been started from the northern crosscut, was continued for the alignment of seam No. 34. Seam 34 was 72 inches in thickness and was reached that same year. In addition, a coking plant was put into operation in the same year . From the year 1865 the quarrying of coal iron stone began. In the same year, permission was given for a cable car ride in the Schiller shaft. The "Dannenbaum" union was founded in 1868. In the same year the Isabella colliery was acquired and consolidated into the Dannenbaum colliery. In 1869, a mechanical coal separation plant with a coal crushing plant and coal washing plant was put into operation at the Schiller shaft . In the same year, mining on the Isabella tunnel bottom was stopped. In addition, the construction of the loading device began. The horse-drawn tram was also extended from the Schiller shaft to the BME station in Laer. Locomotive operation began in 1871. It was replaced in 1875 by the connecting railway to the Langendreer - Dahlhausen line operated by the BME. In 1872 the unscratched Amatus field was acquired, the field had a size of 0.7 km 2 .

The further operation

In 1873 the Dannenbaum union was transformed into a stock corporation called Bergwerks-Gesellschaft Dannenbaum. In the same year, the Amatus subfield was transferred to the Friederika colliery . The Schiller shaft was renamed the Dannenbaum I shaft. In addition, the sinking work for shaft 2 began. The shaft was south of the present Paul Street in Bochum Wiemelhausen field Amatus set . The shaft was located 1.3 kilometers west of the Dannenbaum I shaft. In 1874, the Dannenbaum II shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 20 meters. In the same year, the first level was set at a depth of 53 meters (+ 69 m above sea level). At a depth of 132 meters (- 11 m above sea level) the breakthrough took place with the second level. In 1875 the sinking work on the Dannenbaum I shaft was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. The third level was set at a depth of 228 meters (- 108 m above sea level). In October of the same year, mining began at shaft 2. In the following year, a coking plant was put into operation at shaft 2. In 1878, the sinking work was resumed at shaft 2 and the shaft was sunk deeper. Due to the severe economic crisis in the Ruhr mining industry , the shareholders decided in the same year to convert the mining company Dannenbaum into a thousand-part union under new law. This made it possible again now, by Zubußen to come to the lack of capital for working capital.

In 1879, the third level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 218 meters (-97 m above sea level). In addition, a breakthrough with shaft I was made. In 1880, the mine workings at Shaft I on the third level fell and then had to be swamped . In 1882 the mine workings were drained again and swamped again. In the following year, the sinking work on shaft I was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In 1884 the fourth level was set at a depth of 348 meters (- 228 m above sea level). In 1885, the sinking work on shaft 2 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the following year, the fourth level was set in shaft 2 at a depth of 334 meters (- 212 m above sea level) and a breakthrough to the Friederika colliery was made. In 1887 a breakthrough was made on the 4th level between the Dannenbaum I and Dannenbaum II construction sites. In 1888 a weather shaft was sunk from the 3rd level to the 4th level underground next to shaft I. In 1889, sinking work for another shaft began on the Dannenbaum I construction site. This shaft was the weather shaft that had already been sunk from the 3rd level. The shaft was attended by over day geteuft and geteuft deeper from the 4th floor. The shaft was named Hugo shaft. In the same year the Friederika colliery was taken over and Friederika 1 was renamed Dannenbaum III. Friederika 2 was renamed Dannenbaum IV. The colliery initially remained in operation. After the economic crisis in the Ruhr mining industry was largely over, the thousand-part union was converted back into a stock corporation called Aktiengesellschaft Zeche Dannenbaum in the same year .

The time after the economic crisis

In 1890, the weather shaft up to the 2nd level was put into operation on the Dannenbaum I section. In the same year the Prinz Regent colliery was acquired and renamed Dannenbaum V. However, the mine continued to operate independently. In the following year, the 5th level was set in the weather shaft at a depth of 500 meters (- 380 m above sea level). In addition, shaft 2 was sunk deeper and Friederika penetrated it. The Drusenberg field was acquired and given to Prince Regent. Furthermore, the iron stone extraction from the Friederica field was taken over this year. In addition, a start was made on aligning the 5th sole as a uniform sole with the authorized Friederika and Prinz Regent. In 1892, the mountain fortress between the 2nd level and the 3rd level was broken through on the Dannenbaum I operating section in the weather shaft. With this measure, the weather shaft was now finished up to the 5th level. In 1893, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. In the following year the shaft was built up to the 5th level. On June 8th of the same year there was an accident during the cable car trip in which three miners were killed. In 1895 there was strong water inflow in the Dannenbaum II construction site. Up to 16 m 3 per minute of pit water flowed from old tunnels and crevices into the open pit work. The following year, the weather shaft on the Dannenbaum I part of the operation broke . In addition, the coking plant and the coal washing plant with a separation plant burned down on the operating part . In 1897, a new Rateau pit ventilation system was put into operation at shaft 1. A coke oven battery was renewed at the coking plant and a tar and ammonia factory was put into operation. A benzene factory was still under construction at the time. A new laundry with a separation system was put into operation on the Dannenbaum II section.

On May 23, 1897, a new loading station was completed. A new Rateau pit ventilator was put into operation on Friederika. As a result, the ventilation in construction site II of Friederika could be significantly improved. The fan was also able to extract the weather from the Dannenbaum construction site. A fault was penetrated underground with the southern cross passage with an approach length of 300 meters. In 1898, the production of Eisenstein was stopped in the Friederica field. In the same year the Eulenbaum field was bought. The field was not scratched below the bottom of the tunnel and had an area of ​​0.7 km 2 . In addition, the sinking work for a new weather shaft began this year. The shaft was named Eulenbaum shaft. It was set up in the Eulenbaum field in Steinkuhl west of the Berger Höfe. This year I had ten on the construction site Dannebaum seams in Verhieb , the thickness of these seams was 0.6 to 3.0 meters. Four of the seams under construction were made of pure coal, the remaining six seams had a mining portion of 0.1 to 1.5 meters. Seven seams were under construction on Dannenbaum II, the thickness of these seams was 0.6 to 2.0 meters. Five of the seams consisted of pure coal, two of them had a mining portion of 0.1 to 1.0 meters. In 1899, the mine became the property of the Iron and Coal Company Differdingen-Dannenbaum. In 1899, the first level was set in the weather shaft at a depth of 42 meters (+ 69 m above sea level) and the second level at a depth of 80 meters (+ 31 m above sea level). In 1900 the third level was set in the Eulenbaum shaft at a depth of 205 meters (-94 m above sea level). The shaft was put into operation as a weather shaft in the same year. A breakthrough to shaft 1 was made. In addition, the fields Christiansburg and Gottessegen were bought from the Julius Philipp colliery that year .

The other years

In 1901, the Dannenbaum colliery became the property of the German-Luxembourgish Mining and Hütten-AG. From this year onwards, a series of attempts to improve the water drainage and the associated pumping systems were carried out at the Dannenbaum colliery . In the following year the Eulenbaum shaft was penetrated with the fourth level. In addition, a carbon copy was made with the Dannenbaum I construction site. In the Dannenbaum II construction site, the 7th level was set via a blind shaft at a depth of 630 meters (- 508 m above sea level). This sole was a uniform 7th level with the collieries Peaceful Neighbor and Prince Regent. In the same year the 5th level was driven into the Friederica field. In 1903 the field of God's blessing was opened up and mining began in the Eulenbaum shaft. On May 9, 1905, five miners were killed in a prohibited cable ride. In the same year a cable car was built between Dannenbaum I and Dannenbaum II. Due to strong water ingress, the production at the mine collapsed to an extremely low level in the spring of 1906. The loss of production resulted in a sharp decline in the workforce at the mine. 400 miners quit Dannenbaum and looked for work in other companies. In the same year, the Dannenbaum II operating section was shut down as a production site. However, the shaft remained in operation for weather management and dewatering as well as for the cable car. The coking plant also remained in operation. A new water drainage system with electrically operated pumps was installed underground. Shaft 1 was used as a central shaft after the Dannenbaum II part of the operation had been decommissioned, and was only extracted for internal use. Most of the daytime facilities on Dannenbaum II were demolished in the same year . Since the coking plant could no longer be supplied with enough of its own coal due to the decline in production, the then chairman of the board, Hugo Stinnes , suggested that some of the coking coals be purchased so that the quality of the coke produced would be preserved.

In 1907 the mining field and the main part of the mining were taken over by Friederika. In addition, a blind shaft was sunk from the 5th level in the Dannenbaum I construction site. In the following year, the 7th level was set in the blind shaft at a depth of 631 meters (-511 m above sea level). The following year, the Dannenbaum IV construction site was handed over to the Prinz Regent colliery. In addition, the weather shaft on the Dannenbaum I operating section was filled and re-sunk with a larger shaft diameter . The shaft was renamed to Hugo shaft. In 1910, the Hugo shaft became the main shaft, and production starts from the 5th level. In the following year, the sinking work on shaft 1 was resumed and the shaft was sunk deeper. Shaft 2 was put into operation up to level 7 in the same year. In 1912, shaft 1 was penetrated to the 7th level. In addition, a breakthrough was made on the 7th level between the fields Dannenbaum I and Dannenbaum II. On Vormholzstrasse a weather shaft with a depth of 66 meters up to above ground was created as a break-up. In 1914 a breakthrough was made on the 7th level with the Prinz Regent colliery. A briquette factory was put into operation in October of the same year . In the following year the briquette factory was taken out of operation again. In 1918 the Eulenbaum shaft was taken out of service as a production shaft. The weather shaft from 1912 was also shut down. In the following year, the coking plant on the Dannenbaum II part of the plant was shut down. In 1920 the briquette factory was put back into operation on the Dannenbaum I branch. In addition, a die from the 7th level was sunk into the shaft of the Hugo shaft. From July to the end of December, the mine was closed, the reason for this measure was the occupation of the Ruhr . In 1924 production was cut back due to a lack of sales. On Dannenbaum I, the 8th level was set in the die in the shaft disc, shaft Hugo, at a depth of 816 meters (- 696 m above sea level). In 1926 the Hugo shaft penetrated up to the 8th level and was mined up to this level. In the same year, the cable car in the Eulenbaum shaft was discontinued, the shaft only served as a weather shaft. In the same year the Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG was founded. The German-Luxemburgish Mining and Hütten-AG in turn brought the Dannenbaum colliery into the newly founded United Steelworks AG.

The last few years

On April 1, 1927, the briquette factory was shut down. In the following year, shafts 2 to 7th level were put into operation. On March 1, 1931, the briquette factory was put back into operation. In 1935, new alignment work was carried out in the Friederica field in order to reduce the ironstone reserves there. The construction site had a size of 8.5 km 2 . In the following year, the mining of iron rock began again in the Friedrica field. The iron stone was extracted via the Friederica 1 shaft. In 1944, the Eulenbaum shaft was put into operation up to the 7th level. In 1945, towards the end of World War II, the briquette factory was shut down. In May of the same year, the mining of iron coal in the Friederica field was finally stopped. In 1956, a breakthrough to the Zeche Prinz Regent was made on the 7th level. The link between the two mines was 3.4 kilometers long. In 1958 the mining of the "Dannenbaum" colliery was stopped. The Dannenbaum colliery was merged with the "Prinz Regent" colliery.

Promotion and workforce

year Workforce Hard coal -
output [tons]
References & Comments
1755 005
1805 003,376
1808 004,566
1830 0022-35 003,425 (62,265 bushels ) Assumption: 55 kg / bushel; see bushels in mining
1835 000.847 (15,402 bushels)
1840 005,636
1860 0052 000.234
1865 0300 062,840 (314,199 Prussian tons ) ; Assumption: 200 kg / Prussian ton; see Prussian bin in mining
1870 0458 107,698
1875 0825 156.037 ; Good quality coal was extracted from the mine.
1880 0908 253.503
1890 1176 296.810
1900 1478 320.146
1910 3091 727.211 Maximum output of the mine.
1920 2418 365.907
1930 0997 305.170
1940 1153 352,800 In addition, an unquantified amount of iron ore was mined.
1950 1457 273,320
1957 1548 239,500
1959 End of operation

What is left

After the mine was closed, Gelsenkirchener Bergwerks AG sold the mine site of the Dannenbaum colliery to the city of Bochum. The city of Bochum in turn sold the site to Adam Opel AG in 1960. On the mining site of the mine Dannebaum I in the district Laer which was located until 2014 Bochum plant I of Adam Opel GmbH . Almost all the buildings at the Dannenbaum colliery were demolished for the construction of the Opel plant. The former administration building and wages office of the Dannenbaum colliery is still preserved today. The mine site of the Dannenbaum II mine is now used by a scrap dealer. Only a few heaps of the Eulenbaum mine can be seen and office buildings have been built on the Friederica mine site. The adjacent dump area was redesigned into a small park.

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
  2. a b c d e f g h i j k Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
  3. a b c d e f g h i j k l Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957
  4. a b Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld: On the trail of coal mining. Gustav Adolf Wüstenfeld-Verlag, Wetter-Wengern 1985, ISBN 3-922014-04-6 .
  5. Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1860
  6. a b c Ministry of Trade and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Twelfth volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1864
  7. a b Gerhard Knospe: Works Railways in German Coal Mining and Its Steam Locomotives, Part 1 - Data, facts, sources . 1st edition. Self-published, Heiligenhaus 2018, ISBN 978-3-9819784-0-7 , p. 451 .
  8. Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eleventh volume, published by the royal and secret Ober-Hofdruckerei (R. Decker), Berlin 1863
  9. Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Eighteenth volume, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1870
  10. Ministry of Commerce and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume nineteenth, published by Ernst & Korn, Berlin 1871
  11. a b c Ministry of Trade and Industry (ed.): Journal for the mountain, huts and saltworks in the Prussian state. Volume forty-sixth, published by Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Berlin 1898
  12. ^ Association for Mining Interests in the Upper Mining District Dortmund: The development of the Lower Rhine-Westphalian hard coal mining in the second half of the 19th century . Julius Springer's publishing bookstore, Berlin 1902
  13. Georg Friedrich Baum, Hugo Hoffmann: The latest development in water management, as well as experiments with different pump systems. In: Glückauf, Berg- und Hüttenmännische magazine. 40th year, No. 49, Essen 1904, pp. 1509–1525
  14. a b c Gerald D. Feldmann: Hugo Stinnes; Biography of an industrialist 1870-1924 CH Beck'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Munich 1998, p. 189, ISBN 3-406-435-823 .
  15. ^ Royal Statistical Bureau in Berlin (ed.): Prussian Statistics XIII . Comparative overview of the course of industry, trade and traffic in the Prussian state 1866. Verlag Ernst Kuehn's statistical Separat-Conto, Berlin 1868
  16. The coal of the Ruhr area . Compilation of the most important mines in the Ruhr coal mining area, specifying the quality of the coal mined, the rail connections, as well as the mining and freight rates. Second completely revised and completed edition, publishing bookstore of the M. DuMont-Schauberg'schen Buchhandlung, Cologne 1874
  17. Irmtraud-Dietlinde Wolcke: The development of the Bochum city center. In: O. Schmieder, H. Schlenger, F. Wilhelm, H. Klug (eds.): Writings of the Geographical Institute of the University of Kiel. Volume XXVIII, No. 49, Issue 1, self-published by the Geographical Institute of the University of Kiel, Kiel 1968, pp. 31–33
  18. ^ Anton Zischka : The Ruhr in Transition. Field of ruins or tomorrow's savior? Scharioth'sche Buchhandlung, Essen 1966, p. 30.
  19. The early mining of the Ruhr: Administration and pay office for mine shaft I (accessed on March 14, 2014)

Web links

Commons : Zeche Dannenbaum  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Remarks

  1. As Beilehn or Beilehen is called an additionally imparted pit box, which is connected with another holding moderately pit pitch. (Source: Tilo Cramm, Joachim Huske: Miners' language in the Ruhr area. )