Zeneggen

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Zeneggen
Zeneggen coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton of ValaisCanton of Valais Valais (VS)
District : Vispw
BFS no. : 6299i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 3934
Coordinates : 632 779  /  125022 coordinates: 46 ° 16 '33 "  N , 7 ° 51' 50"  O ; CH1903:  632 779  /  125022
Height : 1370  m above sea level M.
Height range : 661–1731 m above sea level M.
Area : 7.56  km²
Residents: 293 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 39 inhabitants per km²
Website: www.zeneggen.ch
Mountain village Zeneggen with Bietschhorn

Mountain village Zeneggen with Bietschhorn
Location of the municipality
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About this picture
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Zeneggen ( Valais German : Zeneggu ) is a political municipality and a civic community in the Visp district and a parish of the Visp deanery in the German-speaking part of the canton of Valais in Switzerland . The name is derived from the hamlet "Egga" or formerly "Eggen" below the church: "Zen Eggen" = "To the Eggen" (see FG Stebler, "The Vispertaler Sonnenberge" in the chapter "Zeneggen").

geography

Zeneggen is located in Upper Valais, southwest of Visp, on the west bank of the Vispa, on a sunny viewing platform above the Rhone and Visp valley at the foot of the Moosalp in the midst of a high mountain landscape. The municipality covers an area of ​​almost 8 km² and extends from the banks of the Vispa at an altitude of approx. 670  m to an altitude of 1720  m (west of the Diebja pre-Alps). The municipality, which is a typical scattered settlement, consists of the hamlets of Alt Zeneggen, Egga, Esch, Trolera, Sisetsch, Ze Stadlu, Unner dum Biel, Widum, Wiecherried and Gstei, all of which are located on the mountain high above the valley floor. The neighboring communities of Zeneggen are Visp in the north, Visperterminen in the east, Stalden in the south, Törbel in the south-west, Bürchen in the west and Raron in the north-west .

The mountains of the Bernese Alps in the north and the Valais Alps in the south, which are over 4000  m high, keep out humid air masses and ensure a very sunny, dry continental climate. The mean annual rainfall is less than 80 cm.

history

The history of Zeneggen as a settlement area goes back to the Bronze Age. Between 1900 and 1600 BC Early Bronze Age residents left behind shell stones in the hamlet of Sisetsch, the meaning of which is unclear (places of worship, extraction of rock dust?).

prehistoric finds from Kasteltschuggen (Zeneggen)

Around 1250 BC A Middle Bronze Age hill settlement was located on the Kasteltschuggen. Its inhabitants are likely to have lived from raising cattle (bone finds from the settlement area show mostly domestic animals, hardly any game). Dry stone walls are still clearly visible today. The various finds from several excavations such as ceramics and bronze objects (dagger / chisel blades) are now kept in the Canton Museum in Sion. Between 450 BC A young Iron Age ( Frühatène ) Celtic settlement (Uberer) existed near the hamlet of Sisetsch. In the fields between Sisetsch and Widum, 6–10 graves with numerous bronze finds (bracelets, fibulae and decorated bracelets) and pot stone fragments (mostly made of Giltstein) from a pot stone processing site were discovered (today's storage location: cantonal archaeological museum in Sion). The material for the potting stones should come from the nearby quarry "zur Grube".

The first surviving written document about Zeneggen regarding the purchase of water from the Jungbach comes from the year 1150. Securing the water is also a central problem for Zeneggen in the following centuries, such as various documents about the use and maintenance of the Augsbord water pipe and later about the purchase of water from the Ginalstal occupy. Until around 1500 Zeneggen was only mentioned under the name of the middle hamlet "in Sisetsch". After the 16th century, the population carried out a seasonal migration between the various hamlets and the foothills of the Alps due to multi-level mixed farming (livestock farming, arable and viticulture). Around 1600 lime processing and blacksmithing were practiced by Zeneggern.

In 1608 the first church was built (old chapel next to the Burgerhaus, demolished in the last century when the road was built), in 1611 the construction of the Burgerhaus, which is still in use, and in 1666 the Trinity Chapel (at the location of today's parish church). In 1716 Zeneggen became rectorate (church without parish church status) with its own clergyman. In 1718 the rectory was built, which was expanded in 1792. In 1751 the Trinity Chapel was enlarged and the bell tower was added (in the two following years the first two bells were cast; later additions - in 1763 and 1846 - with additional bells made the Zenegg carillon possible). In 1754 Zeneggen received the status of a parish (only 1795-1819 one can exempt oneself from various taxes to the mother church in Visp and from the episcopal table). In 1819 the chapel was built on the Biel in honor of the 14 helpers in need. Today's parish church was built on the site of the Trinity Chapel between 1877 and 1881. The bell tower was taken over. Renovations took place in 1932/33 (including glass windows), 1955 and in the 1970s / 1980s. Zeneggen had its own pastor from 1754 to 2013, and since 2013 the parish has been run by a pastoral care team.

In 1855 several springs dried up after a violent earthquake. Between 1865 and 1900, 20 Zeneggers joined the wave of emigration to America (partly because of repeated drought). Between 1916 and 1918 during the First World War , asbestos ("mountain flax") was extracted in the municipality.

Milestones in the development of the infrastructure were the installation of the first telephone connection (1920), connection to the power grid (1927), construction of the road to Zeneggen (1931–1934), construction of the first hotel (1936), construction of the new Augstbord water line / drinking water supply (1947– 1951), completion of the drinking water network (1960–1970), completion of the multi-purpose hall and new schoolhouse (1994) and new construction of a village shop with bistro and integrated tourist office (2011).

population

Population development
year 1798 1802 1850 1900 1950 2000 2010 2012 2014 2016
Residents 170 160 190 228 201 235 276 268 278 280

Attractions

In addition to the picturesque townscape in an imposing high mountain scenery, the historical buildings (parish church, Biel chapel, burger house) and historical places (castle, lime kiln, asbestos pit), the species-rich fauna and flora, the valuable cultural landscape with rough meadows / pastures, the historical irrigation systems and the Zenegger Pre-Alps (Diebje, Hellela, Sal) deserve special mention.

  • Zeneggen with the Bernese Alps (location: Gstein)

  • Zeneggen with Mischabel group (location: Lochacker)

  • Zeneggen winter mood

  • Zeneggen village center (winter mood)

  • Parish church Zeneggen with the Mischabel group

  • Zeneggen parish church, interior view

  • Chapel on the Biel (Zeneggen)

  • Chapel on the Biel (Zeneggen), in the background the Lötschentaler Breithorn

  • Chapel on the Biel (Zeneggen): Altar with the 14 helpers in need

  • Zeneggen's hamlet "Unner dum Biel" (autumn mood)

  • Valais house in the hamlet of Sisetsch

  • Autumn mood in the Zenegger Rebberg (Riedboden)

  • Spring mood in the Zenegger Voralpe "Obere Hellela"

  • Winter mood in the Zenegger Voralpe "Obere Hellela"

Nature and cultural landscape

Zeneggen has one of the most valuable near-natural cultural landscapes in Switzerland. The structurally diverse terrain of extensively used rough meadows / pastures, vineyards, fruit trees in addition to dry steppes, forests (downy oak / pine, larch / spruce, larch / Swiss stone pine) and rocky zones at different altitudes and exposures is home to numerous endangered animal and plant species. Particularly noteworthy is the biodiversity of songbirds, insects (butterflies, grasshoppers, wasps) and alpine flowers. Essential elements of this traditional cultural landscape are the numerous wooden barns or granaries, dry stone walls and suonen (historical irrigation systems). Various national projects try to preserve these special values ​​for future generations. Various zones in the municipality (upper and middle Hellela, Haselfurra, Riedboden, Widum) are officially designated protected areas in nature and landscape protection in the canton of Valais (see list of protected areas in the canton of Valais ).

  • Meager meadow with white funnel lily (Paradisea liliastrum) in the Zenegger Voralpe «Mittlere Hellela»

  • Meager meadow with pasque flower (Pulsatilla montana) in the upper Hellela (Zeneggen)

  • Cattle pasture in the Upper Saal (Zeneggen); Mountains in the background: Wiwannihorn and Bietschhorn

  • Rough meadows and dry steppes (former fields) in the Riebe (Zeneggen)

geology

The complex surface structure and the diverse geological formations in the area of ​​the municipality of Zeneggen are the result of a complex process of mountain formation in our region (see also the Penninic article ) and subsequent erosion processes , in particular through the action of huge ice age glaciers ( Rhone glacier , Vispertal glacier ). The municipality is located in the border or transition area of ​​two different tectonic units: the continental Brianconnais threshold (today assigned to the Siviez-Mischabel blanket) and an oceanic unit with sediments and remnants of oceanic crust¨ of the "Walliser Ocean" or " Walliser Trogs ”(today called“ Zone Sion-Courmayeur ”).

Economy, politics and culture

The majority of the resident population is employed in the valley (chemical industry, trade, craft, teaching). In addition, mountain agriculture, forestry and tourism play a certain role. Viticulture is mostly operated as a sideline or a traditional hobby. The alpine monograph by FG ​​Stebler: The Vispertaler Sonnenberge describes in detail Zeneggen and the culture of its inhabitants at the beginning of the last century. In his village monograph, E. Jossen reports in detail on the current situation, in particular on the topics of community administration, agriculture, irrigation systems, the school system (kindergarten, primary school), religious life and the rich community life.

The municipal council (executive) consists of 5 members.

In terms of transport, Zeneggen is connected to the Visp traffic junction and to Bürchen and in the summer months to Moosalp via a PostBus Switzerland line.

  • Tambours and Pfeifer from Zeneggen on the occasion of the Upper Valais Tambours and Pfeifer Festival 2011 in Zeneggen

  • Cow fight in Zeneggen (Bodmen)

tourism

Tourism played a certain role in Zeneggen since the beginning of the 20th century. The focus today is on natural, gentle tourism. An extensive network of hiking trails offers hiking tourists a wide range of options, from short tours to varied day tours in different altitudes and landscapes. In addition, there are interesting cross-community long-distance hiking trails (e.g. the Moosalp – Jungs high trail , the "Scenes on the Water Path" theme trail or the panoramic winter hiking trail from Törbel via Zeneggen to Bürchen). There are also other offers for sporting activities in nature, both in summer (mountain biking, climbing in the Zenegger climbing garden, tennis court in the hamlet of Zenstadeln) and in winter (winter hiking on prepared hiking trails, cross-country skiing on the Eggwald / Hellela trail, snowshoeing) . One stage of the regional cycle route "Wallis Panorama Bike (Tour 88)" runs through the municipality.

literature

  • Alois Grichting: Zeneggen. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland . 2014 .
  • HH Huber, T. Keller, E. Undritz, T. Kenzelmann, U. Gerber: Small wonder world Zeneggen . Dreispitz-Verlag (Urs Gerber / Wichtrach), 2nd edition, 1978.
  • Klaus Kenzelmann: The history of the Augstbordwassers (Embd, Törbel, Zeneggen) . Rotten-Verlag, Visp 2001, ISBN 3-907624-22-X .
  • Erwin Jossen: Zeneggen - sun terrace in the Vispertal . Rotten-Verlag, Visp 2006, ISBN 978-3-905756-12-8 .
  • FG Stebler: The Vispertaler Sonnenberge (monographs from the Swiss Alps, Yearbook of Switzerland, 56th year) , Alpenclub, Bern, 1921 (online)

Web links

Commons : Zeneggen  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
  2. ↑ E. Landolt: Our Alpine flora . Verlag Schweizer Alpenclub, 5th edition, 1984, p. 45 f.
  3. ↑ T. Kenzelmann, in: Small wonder world Zeneggen . Dreispitz-Verlag, 2nd edition, Wichtrach 1978
  4. ↑ Chapter General history of the Zeneggen community , in: Erwin Jossen: Zeneggen - Sun terrace in the Vispertal (illustrated village monograph), Rotten-Verlag, Visp 2006, ISBN 978-3-905756-12-8
  5. ↑ M. David-Elbiali: Les influences culturelles en Valais au debut du Bronze final au travers de decouvertes de Zeneggen-Kasteltschuggen. In: Yearbook of Switzerland. Ges. F. Prehistory and Early History, Vol. 77, 1994, pp. 35–52 (online, pdf)
  6. ↑ The Valais before history , Sitten Kantonsmuseum, Sept. 1986, pp. 298–301 (Dr. R. Degen: Zeneggen Kasteltschuggen ), 324, 330/1, 354
  7. ↑ prehistoric finds, Zeneggem Kasteltschuggen or Heideneck (online)
  8. ↑ Audio glockenspiel parish church Zeneggen (online)
  9. ↑ Video glockenspiel parish church Zeneggen (online)
  10. ↑ Fourteen Helper Chapel on the Biel above Zeneggen (online)
  11. ↑ History of the parish Zeneggen (online)
  12. ↑ Pastor of the parish Zeneggen (online)
  13. ↑ Parish church Zeneggen (online)
  14. ↑ Bielkapelle Zeneggen (online)
  15. ↑ Burgerhaus Zeneggen (online)
  16. ↑ Photo gallery for Kasteltschuggen (online)
  17. ↑ historical lime kiln in Eggwald (Zeneggen) (online)
  18. ↑ Asbestos extraction in Zeneggen (online)
  19. ↑ FG Stebler: The Vispertaler Sonnenberge , chapter irrigation (online)
  20. ↑ Chapel Fourteen Holy Helpers in www.zeneggen.ch (online)
  21. ↑ Zeneggen Biel chapel in the website of the shadow mountains parish (online)
  22. ↑ Federal Inventory of Dry Meadows & Dry Pastures (online)
  23. ↑ The VinEsch association has set itself the goal of preserving a historical vineyard in the municipality with its dry stone walls, vines (especially rarities) as witnesses of the Valais culture (online)
  24. ↑ Songbirds in Zeneggen (online)
  25. ↑ Insects in Zeneggen (online)
  26. ↑ Jacob Forster, Pottery Wasp (online, pdf)
  27. ↑ alpine flora in Zeneggen (online)
  28. ↑ Sabine Joss, Flower migrations in the Swiss Alps, AT-Verlag, Aarau and Munich, 2014, ISBN 978-3-03800-751-7 ; Chapter "Mountain anemones near Zeneggen" (p. 32 - 38)
  29. ↑ Sabine Joss, Blossoms on Bare Slopes, Naturally 3/2015, Spring Hike in Zeneggen (online)
  30. ↑ Swiss Landscape Fund project “Cultural Landscape Zeneggen 2000” (online)
  31. ↑ Eco-Networking Projects BUWEG (online, pdf) ( Memento of the original from January 23, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.buweg.ch
  32. ↑ Geological situation of Zeneggen and the surrounding area (Federal Office of Topography swisstopo) (online)
  33. ↑ Ice Age Maximum (Zeneggen and surroundings) (online)
  34. ↑ Walther Staub: The last ice age glacier stages in the mountains between Visp and the Turtmann valley (Wallis). In: Geographica Helvetica, Volume 1 (1946), Issue 3, pp. 287–289 (online, pdf)
  35. ↑ M. Marthaler: The Matterhorn from Africa - The formation of the Alps in the history of the earth . Ott Verlag, Thun 2002, ISBN 3-7225-6768-8 , in particular also illustration on p. 65
  36. ^ TP Labhart: Geology of Switzerland . 5th edition, Ott Verlag Thun 2001, ISBN 3-7225-6760-2 , especially p. 86
  37. ↑ Geology Zeneggen
  38. ^ FG Stebler: The Vispertaler Sonnenberge (monographs from the Swiss Alps, Yearbook of Switzerland, 56th year) , Alpenclub, Bern, 1921 (online)
  39. ↑ Zeneggen municipal administration (online)
  40. ↑ Postbus line Moosalp (online)
  41. ↑ Postbus courses in Zeneggen (online)
  42. ↑ Video of the Upper Valais Tambour and Pfeifer Festival 2011 in Zeneggen (online)
  43. ↑ Cow wrestling Wallis (online)
  44. ↑ Video of the cow fight in Zeneggen (online)
  45. ↑ D. Gerritzen, Tourism in Zeneggen, June 2005 (online, pdf)
  46. ↑ D. Gerritzen, Kleiner Wanderführer Zeneggen - A selection of worthwhile round trips, 2004 (online, pdf)
  47. ↑ Circular hiking trails (online)
  48. ↑ Themed hiking trail "Scenes on the Path of Water" (online, pdf)
  49. ↑ Panorama winter hiking trail (online, pdf)
  50. ↑ MTB in Zeneggen (online)
  51. ↑ Climbing routes in the Zenegger climbing garden (online)
  52. ↑ Zeneggen tennis court (online)
  53. ↑ Winter hiking in Zeneggen (online)
  54. ↑ Cross-country skiing in Zeneggen on the Eggwald / Hellela trail (online)
  55. ↑ Photo gallery LL-Loipe Zeneggen (online)
  56. ↑ Snowshoe run in Zeneggen (online)
  57. ↑ Photo gallery snowshoe run in Zeneggen (online)
  58. ↑ Wallis Panorama Bike (Tour 88), Stage 4: Leuk – Visp (online)