Zefaniah
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Book of the Twelve Prophets of the Tanakh Old Testament Minor Prophets |
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| Names after the ÖVBE |
| Old Testament books |
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| Pentateuch |
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| History books |
| Textbooks |
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| Prophets |
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"Size"
"Little" ( Book of the Twelve Prophets ) |
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Zefaniah or Zephania is a prophet and the scripture named after him in the Tanach . There it belongs to the Book of the Twelve Prophets (Dodecapropheton). She is called Sophonias in the Septuagint and Sofonias in the Vulgate .
etymology
The Hebrew personal name Zefanja is mainly used in MT צְפַנְיָה ṣəfanjāh written. The spelling also exists (not for the prophet, but for a priest of the same name) in 2 Kings 25:18 BHSצְפַנְיָהוּ ṣəfanjāhû . In both cases it is a question of record names. The subject (the theophoric elementיָה jāh orיָהוּ jāhû ) is YHWH , the predicate belongs to the root of the verbצפן ṣfn , German ' to hide / bergen / keep ' . The name is a thank you name and means "YHWH has (protective) hid / hidden".
The Septuagint gives the name as Σοφονιας Sophonias , the Vulgate as Sofonias .
author
Apart from his name Zefanja and his ancestors over four generations nothing certain is known of the author. The great-great-grandfather Hezekiah could be the Israeli King Hezekiah - this is temporally possible, but not provable. But it would explain why, contrary to the usual practice, not only the father was mentioned. Since he is called the “son of the Ethiopian”, it can be assumed that he was a stranger and came from another country.
According to Zef 1.4 EU (“at this place”) and the detailed descriptions of the place, he is likely to have been a resident of Jerusalem or at least worked there.
Dating
According to Zef 1,1 EU , Zefaniah received his messages at the time of the Jewish king Joschiah ( 639 BC - 609 BC ). According to the content, the prophecies were made before Joschiah's cult reform in 622 BC. BC and before the destruction of Nineveh in 612 BC. Chr.
This means that Zefanja is located between Nahum and Habakkuk .
content
- Heading ( Zef 1.1 EU )
- Impending judgment on Judah (1.2-2.3 EU )
- Court of Nations (2.4–15 EU )
- Reputation over the hardened Jerusalem (3.1–20 EU )
Important places
- Zef 1,10f EU is an important source about the Jerusalem of the 7th century.
- The day of the Lord ( Zef 1,14-18 EU ) is the main inspiration for the Dies irae sequence of the Requiem .
- Friedrich Heinrich Ranke took up the beginning of verse 3, 14 EU (Jauchze, Daughter Zion) when he wrote “ Daughter Zion, rejoice ”, the German text for the choral setting “See the conquering hero comes” from the oratorios Joshua and Judas Maccabaeus by Georg Friedrich Handel .
Other bearers of the name Zefaniah in the Bible
Other biblical persons are called Zefaniah :
- a priest sent by King Zedekiah to Jeremiah to ask the prophet to pray for the lifting of the siege of Jerusalem ( Jeremiah 21 : 1f EU );
- the father of a Josiah, a returnee from exile in Babylon ( Zech 6,10 EU );
- a member of the Levitic singing family Korach.
See also
literature
- Hubert Irsigler : Zefanja. In: Michaela Bauks, Klaus Koenen, Stefan Alkier (Eds.): The Scientific Biblical Lexicon on the Internet (WiBiLex), Stuttgart 2006 ff.
- Hubert Irsigler : Zefanja. Herder's Theological Commentary on the Old Testament. Herder Verlag, Freiburg 2002, ISBN 3-451-26851-5 .
- Rainer Kessler : ZEPHANJA, Judean prophet. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 14, Bautz, Herzberg 1998, ISBN 3-88309-073-5 , Sp. 434-437.
Web links
- Zefanja at bibelwissenschaft.de
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hans Rechenmacher : Old Hebrew personal names , Münster 2012, p. 158.
| personal data | |
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| SURNAME | Zefaniah |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Old Testament prophet |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 7th century BC Chr. |
| DATE OF DEATH | 7th century BC BC or 6th century BC Chr. |