Alan Kulwicki

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Alan Kulwicki
Cause of deathAirplane crash near Blountville, Tennessee
Awards1992 Winston Cup Champion

1986 NASCAR Rookie of the Year

1998 - Named one of NASCAR's 50 Greatest Drivers

2002 - Inducted in the International Motorsports Hall of Fame

inducted in the National Motorsports Press Association's Hall of Fame[1]

1997 - inducted into Bristol Motor Speedway's Heroes of Bristol Hall of Fame

inducted in the Lowe's Motor Speedway's Court of Legends

1996 - inducted in the Talladega-Texaco Hall of Fame
NASCAR Cup Series career
207 races run over 9 years
Best finish1st - 1992 (Winston Cup)
First race1985 Wrangler SanforSet 400 (Richmond)
Last race1993 TranSouth 500 (Darlington)
First win1988 Checker 500 (Phoenix)
Last win1992 Champion Spark Plug 500 (Pocono)
Wins Top tens Poles
5 75 24
NASCAR Xfinity Series career
6 races run over 2 years
Best finish50th - 1984
First race1984 Red Carpet 200 (Milwaukee)
Last race1985 Milwaukee Sentinel 200 (Milwaukee)
Wins Top tens Poles
0 3 1

Alan Dennis Kulwicki (December 14, 1954 - April 1, 1993) was an American NASCAR Winston Cup racecar driver. He arrived at the NASCAR scene in 1985 with a borrowed pickup truck, a racecar, no sponsor, and limited budget.[2] He was a perfectionist, and liked doing things his way.[2] He is known for driving for his own race team during most of his NASCAR career.[3] He was the 1986 NASCAR Rookie of the Year, and won the 1992 Winston Cup by the closest margin in NASCAR history.[2]

In 1998 he was named one of NASCAR's 50 Greatest Drivers[4] and he was inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in 2002.[5] He was nicknamed "Special K" and the "Polish Prince".[6]

Background

Alan Kulwicki was born in Greenfield, Wisconsin, a suburb of Milwaukee, and grew up blocks away from the Milwaukee Mile.[7] He was a child when his brother and mother died.[3] His father, Gerry, was an engine builder[8] for USAC cars.[9] Alan graduated from Pius XI High School, a private Roman Catholic high school in Milwaukee.[9] Kulwicki was a religious man, and he carried a medal for Saint Christopher during races.[10][11] After graduating high school, he went to college and received a degree in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee in 1977,[12][8] which helped him better understand the physics of a race car.[9] Many attribute his success to his knowledge of engineering,[13] which at the time was considered to be of less value than experience and intuition. After graduation from college, he worked for two years as an engineer.[8] He first raced on area racetracks as a hobby, but turned professional in 1980.[8] [14]

Racing career

Youth karting

Kulwicki began his racing career as a 13 year old youth racing karts.[9] [8] [14] Alan's father did not help at most kart races, because he was working on the road.[14] Alan learned to be independent.[14]

Local dirt racing

Kulwicki started racing stock cars on dirt ovals at Cedarburg Speedway and Hales Corners Speedway.[9] He won the 1973 Rookie of the Year award at Hales Corners Speedway in the Milwaukee suburb of Franklin.[9]

Local asphalt racing

Kulwicki moved from dirt tracks to paved ones in 1977. He teamed up with carbuilder Greg Krieger to make models, do studies, and engineer and construct an innovative Late Model with far less chassis twist than other cars.[15] He raced on the high-banked Slinger Super Speedway, where he won the track championship in 1977, then was dominant in 1978.[16] Kulwicki finished third in Wisconsin International Raceway's Late Model points in 1978, his rookie season there,[17] then won the 1979 and 1980 Late Model track championships.[18] [19] Kulwicki was deeply troubled after he was involved in the fatal crash of Larry Detjens at Wisconsin International Raceway on August 1, 1981.[20]

Regional touring series

Kulwicki began competing in events sanctioned by the USAC Stock Car series and the American Speed Association (ASA)[9] in 1979,[21] while remaining primarily a weekly racer through 1981. He raced against Rusty Wallace in the ASA, and the two became lifelong friends.[22] Kulwicki's top finish in the ASA season points championship was third place, which he accomplished both in 1982 and in 1985.[10] He had five victories and twelve poles in his ASA career.[10]

Winston Cup career

During his six-year Winston Cup career, Kulwicki won one championship, won five Winston Cup races, and earned 24 pole positions.

1980s

Kulwicki raced in four NASCAR Busch Grand National races in 1984.[23] The Busch Grand National Series (now Busch Series) is NASCAR's "minor league" circuit (often compared to Triple-A baseball), and is a proving ground for drivers who wish to step up to the organization's "big league" circuit, the Winston Cup (now NEXTEL Cup). He started second in his first career race in his hometown of Milwaukee, and finished second. He finished seventh at Charlotte and fifth at Bristol.[23] He raced at Daytona International Speedway in January 1985. He won the pole at the Busch race at Milwaukee in August 1985, but finished fourteenth with engine problems.[23] Kulwicki's Busch Series successes caught Bill Terry's eye, and Terry offered Kulwicki a chance to race in a few Winston Cup races.[22]

In 1985 Kulwicki sold most of his belongings, including his short track racing equipment, to move half way across the nation from Wisconsin to the Charlotte, North Carolina area.[10][8] He kept his pickup truck, and loaded his trailer with furniture and tools.[10] An electrical fire two days before he left destroyed his truck.[10] He had no way to pull his trailer, so he borrowed a pickup truck.[2] He was the source of amusement at first to many veteran drivers.[10] He was a driver from the northern United States when the series was primarily a southern regional series.[24] He was a mechanical engineer when few other drivers had completed college.[12][3] He was also described as kind of a loner, real quiet, very studious,[25] hard working, and no-nonsense.[5] He could be seen walking the garage in his race uniform and carrying a brief case.[12] He was driver, owner, and chief mechanic.[8] He had difficulty acquiring and keeping crew members, for he was hands-on to the point of being a control freak, until he could trust crew members to do the job with the excellence he demanded.[25] He sought out crew members who owned their own race cars, for they understood what he was going through: racing with no sponsor, doing it yourself, long hours, and a very limited budget.[26] Notable crew members include his crew chief Paul Andrews, driver Bobby Norfleet, future Cup crew chiefs Tony Gibson and Brian Whitesell[27], and future crew chief/owner Ray Evernham.[3]

Kulwicki made his first career Winston Cup start on September 8 1985 for Bill Terry's #32/#38 Ford team sponsored by Hardees.[23] He competed in five races that season for Terry, and his highest finish was thirteenth.[23] Kulwicki parted ways with Terry part way through the 1986 season.[28] Kulwicki could not find a ride, so he fielded his first Winston Cup racing team as owner and driver after purchasing the #35 Quincy's Steakhouse team from Terry.[28] With one car, two engines, and two full-time crew members, he won Winston Cup Rookie of the Year award.[10] [12] [8] [14] He had competed in 23 of 29 events.[28] He had four Top 10 finishes, three Did Not Finishes (DNF), and an average finish of 15.4.[28] He finished below 30th place once.[28]

In 1987 he changed number to the #7 car, and he picked up the Zerex Antifreeze sponsorship. [29] He picked up his first career pole position in the third race at Richmond. He also qualified first for Richmond's fall race, and the following week at Dover. In 29 events, he had nine Top 10 finishes, eleven DNFs, and an average finish of 18.2.[30]

File:Kulwicki Polish Victory Lap.jpg
Alan Kulwicki driving his first "Polish Victory Lap" during the Checker 500 on November 6, 1988 at Phoenix International Raceway.
Kulwicki's 1988 car
1989 car at Phoenix

In 1988 Paul Andrews becomes Kulwicki's crew chief[29] after he was recommended by Rusty Wallace. Kulwicki won his first NASCAR Winston Cup race in the season's second last race at Phoenix International Raceway. He led 41 laps late in the race after Ricky Rudd's motor went away, and won by 18.5 seconds.[31] He turned around his car, and made his now famous "Polish Victory Lap" by driving the opposite way (clockwise) on the track with the driver's side toward the fans.[12] "This gave me the opportunity to wave to the crowd from the driver's side," he explained.[2] "He had wanted to do something special and something different for his first win and only his first," Andrews recalled.[31] He got in trouble with NASCAR officials.[31] In victory lane he told Grand National Scene magazine: "It's been a long road and it's taken a lot of hard work to get here, but this has made it all worthwhile. When you work for something so hard for so long, you wonder if it's going to be worth all of the anticipation. Believe me, it certainly was. And what do you think of my Polish victory lap? There will never be another first win and you know, everybody sprays champagne or stands up on the car. I wanted to do something different for the fans."[31] He had four pole positions in 29 events, 12 DNFs, and an average finish of 19.2 in 1988.[32]

1990s

Kulwicki finished eighth in points in 1990.[22]

Prior to the 1991 season, Zerex ended their sponsorship of Kulwicki's team.[12][29] Kulwicki began the season sponsorless. He raced in the 1991 Daytona 500 sponsored by the United States Army in a one race deal.[12][33] Five cars raced that day during the Gulf War with special lettering representing a different branch of the U.S. military.[22] In March of 1991, prior to the season's fourth race at Atlanta Motor Speedway, Kulwicki was approached by Hooters for a one race sponsorship deal.[12][22] Hooters had been sponsoring Mark Stahl's car, but Stahl missed the race and Kulwicki was on the pole position.[22] Kulwicki finished eighth in the race.[22] Hooters signed on long term with the team.[2] Kulwicki won the Bristol night race that season.[12] He finished thirteenth in the final 1991 points.[12] [22]

1992 NASCAR Winston Cup championship

File:1992NASCAROwnerChampionshipTrophy.jpg
1992 NASCAR owner's championship trophy
UNDERBIRD car, after restoration

Kulwicki won the April race at Bristol, and he never left the Top 5 in season points after the race.[34] Kulwicki's only other victory in the season was at the first race at Pocono.[12] Kulwicki was discounted as a contender for the season championship during the season, and he was expected to fade from contention.[34] He sat on the pole at the fall race at Dover, but he crashed during the race and finished 34th.[12] Kulwicki was quite vocal that his 278 point deficit was probably his undoing, and that the race result would keep him from contention for the season title.[12]

The final race of the 1992 season, a 500 mile race sponsored by Kulwicki's sponsor Hooters, was one of the most eventful races in NASCAR history.[35][33] It was the final race for Richard Petty, and the first race for Jeff Gordon.[35] [12] Six drivers were close enough in points to win the championship that day,[12] and the points was led by Davey Allison. Allison needed to finish sixth or better to clinch the championship.[36] Allison led second-place Kulwicki by 30 points, Elliott by 40, Gant by 97 and Petty by 98.[36] Kulwicki received approval from NASCAR and Ford to change the "Thunderbird" lettering on his bumper for the race to "Underbird" because he felt like the underdog for winning the championship. Allison was in sixth place until Ernie Irvan's tire blew with around 100 laps left in the event.[36] Allison T-boned Irvan's spinning car, and was unable to contiune.[36] Kulwicki and Bill Elliott were left to duel for the title.[35] During his first pit stop, Kulwicki lost first gear.[22] Kulwicki conserved fuel, and stopped in the pits for his final pit stop only after leading enough laps to guarantee the five bonus points for leading the most laps.[22] Kulwicki's pit crew did a "gas and go" stop.[22] Not changing tires during the stop allowed the pit crew to help push the car, preventing it from stalling with only one remaining gear.[22] Elliott won the race, and Kulwicki finished second.[35] By leading one more lap than Elliott, Kulwicki claimed the 5 bonus points for leading the most laps. Kulwicki became the 1992 Winston Cup Champion by 10 points over Elliott.[2] [35] [12] He celebrated with his second-ever Polish Victory Lap.[20] Always conscious of his appearance for potential sponsors,[12] Kulwicki combed his hair, making a national television audience wait for him to emerge from his car.[37] This was later alluded to at the awards banquet by Elliott, who presented Kulwicki with a "golden comb" award.

Kulwicki overcame the 278-point deficit in the final six races of the season to claim a 10-point victory over Elliott[34][38] by ending with a fifth, a fourth, and two second place finishes.[5][23] Kulwicki won the championship because of his consistent high finishes.[34] It was the closest title win in NASCAR Cup Series history until the implementation of the Chase for the Cup format 12 years later.[1] [39] [2] The championship was noteworthy for other reasons: he was the last owner/driver to win the title,[24][38] [12] the first Cup champion with a college degree,[40][8] the last driver to win the championship in a Ford Thunderbird,[12] and the first Cup champion born in a Northern state.[12][8] Kulwicki had turned down offers to drive for other successful owners (including Junior Johnson,[29] [3] Bud Moore, Rick Hendrick)[37] to continue fielding his own team.[2] The song that played during a short salute to Kulwicki at the year end awards banquet was "My Way".[1] [2] [12] [14]

Championship honors

Kulwicki came back to Greenfield for Alan Kulwicki Day in January 1993. The gymnasium at Greenfield High School was filled and surrounded by four to five thousand people, and local television crews filmed the event. He signed autographs for six hours.[41]

In celebration of his 1992 championship, sponsor Hooters made a special "Alan Tribute Card" that was used at all of the autograph sessions during the beginning of the 1993 season.[42]

He competed in the 1993 International Race of Champions as the reigning Winston Cup champion. He competed in two races before his death.[43]

Death

Grave marker at St. Adalbert cemetery

Kulwicki died at age 38 in a plane crash on April 1, 1993, near Blountville, Tennessee.[1] He was returning in a Hooters corporate plane from an appearance at the Knoxville Hooters prior to the spring race at Bristol Motor Speedway.[2] [3] He was buried at Saint Adalbert Cemetery in Milwaukee. Kulwicki's racecar transporter was driven away from the rainy track later that Friday morning.[12] He had competed in five NASCAR races with three Top 6 finishes.[44]

Memorials

On-track tributes

Three days after Kulwicki's death, Bristol race winner Rusty Wallace honored his old short track foe by turning Kulwicki's trademark "Polish Victory Lap".[12] [45] Wallace and Dale Earnhardt honored Kulwicki with a Polish victory lap after each race that they won during the 1993 season.[46] [12] Also for the remainder of the 1993 season, all cars entered in Winston Cup and Busch Series races carried stickers of Kulwicki's #7 on their cars.[12] Upon Davey Allison's death on July 13, 1993, Kulwicki's #7 was joined by the #28 from Allison's car.[47] After the final race of the season, series champion Dale Earnhardt and race winner Wallace drove a side by side Polish victory lap carrying flags for Kulwicki and Allison.[48]

For much of the remainder of the 1990s, NASCAR and non-NASCAR drivers alike continued the tradition of executing a Polish Victory Lap following a race or championship win. Mike Joy would often refer to it as a Kulwicki Victory Lap.

The USAR Hooters Pro Cup championship, the Four Champions Challenge, is named in memory of all four victims of that plane crash by series sponsor Hooters.[49] The each race in the four race series is a memorial named after one of the four people who died in Kulwicki's plane crash.[49] The four champions are also recognized in all Hooters Calendars every April, a tradition that has been done since 1994.

Memorial facilities

Kulwicki was honored with the Alan Kulwicki Memorial Park (Area Map). The park is a Milwaukee County park located near the corner of Highway 100 and Cold Spring Road in Greenfield. The Brooks pavilion at the park was donated by Hooters. The pavilion has a trophy room where one can view his trophies and other collectible items, including his 1992 Winston Cup trophy, his 1992 NASCAR Owner's trophy, polesitter trophies, and race winner trophies.

Kulwicki Grandstand before 2006 Sharpie 500 at Bristol Motor Speedway

Bristol Motor Speedway has named a tower, and its grandstand in Turns 1 and 2 in honor of Kulwicki.

Memorial events

The 2004 Busch Series race at the Milwaukee Mile was named the "Alan Kulwicki 250" in honor of Kulwicki.Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).

Career honors and awards

He was posthumously inducted into the International Motorsports Hall of Fame in 2002.[5] He was inducted in the Talladega-Texaco Hall of Fame in 1996,[34] and the National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame in 2001,[50] Lowe's Motor Speedway Court of Legends in 1993,[38] and Bristol Motor Speedway Heroes of Bristol Hall of Fame in 1997.[38]

Lasting impact on racing

Kulwicki's success as an owner/driver sparked a small fad among NASCAR veterans. Geoff Bodine (who purchased Kulwicki's team after his death), his younger brother Brett, Ricky Rudd, Bill Elliott, and Joe Nemechek all began racing teams after Kulwicki's death. However, none of them could reach the same success that Kulwicki did, and slowly but surely those drivers either sold their teams, or let them just fade away. NASCAR NEXTEL Cup drivers Michael Waltrip and Robby Gordon are the only current owner/drivers in the sport who run the full schedule. Robby Gordon frequently mentions Alan as an inspiration for him as an owner/driver,[51] and he selected car #7 as a tribute to Kulwicki.[52]

Kulwicki subject of feature film

On April 1, 2005, the very low budget feature film Dare to Dream: The Alan Kulwicki Story was released which chronicled Alan's life from racing at Slinger Super Speedway, through his rise to NASCAR champion, and ends with his death.[53] The movie was created by Kulwicki's Wisconsin fans. The film was produced for less than $100,000[53] and was seen in 14 states and 80 cities.[12] The film focuses on the events in Kulwicki's life that fed his desire to become champion... at all costs. The star of the film, Brad Weber, was a big Kulwicki fan and credits the late driver with being his inspiration to become an actor.[53] The film features cameos of Humpy Wheeler and Bill Elliott, who play themselves. Travis Kvapil has a cameo as a pit crew member.[33]

Race team after Kulwicki's death

His car was raced for most of the 1993 season until the team was sold to Geoff Bodine.[12] It was driven by road course specialist Tommy Kendall on the road courses, and by Jimmy Hensley at the other tracks.[54]

Career results

  • 1985: NASCAR Winston Cup: 40th (partial season)[23]
  • 1986: NASCAR Winston Cup: 21st
  • 1987: NASCAR Winston Cup: 15th
  • 1988: NASCAR Winston Cup: 14th
  • 1989: NASCAR Winston Cup: 15th
  • 1990: NASCAR Winston Cup: 8th
  • 1991: NASCAR Winston Cup: 13th
  • 1992: NASCAR Winston Cup: champion
  • 1993: NASCAR Winston Cup: 41st (partial season), IROC: 5th*

*Dale Earnhardt raced the 3rd and 4th IROC races in 1993 for Kulwicki

Additional reading

References

  1. ^ a b c d Gary D'Amato (July 25 1999). "Honor stirs up fond memories of Kulwicki". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2007-07-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Alan Kulwicki". National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2007-07-14.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Joseph Siano (April 5 1993). "Kulwicki Raced, Reigned As a Driven Outsider". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-09-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  4. ^ "NASCAR'S 50 GREATEST DRIVERS". NASCAR. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
  5. ^ a b c d "Alan Kulwicki". International Motorsports Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2007-07-10.
  6. ^ Tom Roberts. "Kulwicki Press Kit". Kulwicki's Press agent. p. 4. Retrieved 2007-08-10.
  7. ^ Dan Peters (June 26 2004). "Veterans Reign again. Ron Hornaday Wins Alan Kulwicki 250 in Milwaukee". Oak Park Journal. Retrieved 2007-07-29. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j ROBERT MCG. THOMAS JR. (April 3 1993). "Alan Kulwicki, 38, Racer And Stock-Car Champion". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-09-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  9. ^ a b c d e f g Dave Kallmann (November 6 2003). "Title tracks: Kulwicki, Kenseth: two roads to top". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2007-07-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h Tom Roberts. "Kulwicki Press Kit". Kulwicki's Press agent. p. 2. Retrieved 2007-08-10.
  11. ^ "Stories provide glimpse of Kulwicki's character". NASCAR.com. April 1 2003. Retrieved 2007-09-07. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa Vito Pugliese (March 23 2007). "Driven To The Past: Alan Kulwicki". The Frontstretch. Retrieved 2007-09-12. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  13. ^ "Notable Drivers". fan1st.com. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
  14. ^ a b c d e f Joseph Siano (December 27 1992). "Demystifying Racing's Independent Champion". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-09-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  15. ^ Krieger, Greg, quoted in Sneddon, Rob: "Glimpses", Stock Car Racing (ISSN 0734-7340), Vol. 28, No. 7 (July 1993), p. 31.
  16. ^ Theisen, Mark, quoted in Sneddon, Rob: "Glimpses", Stock Car Racing (ISSN 0734-7340), Vol. 28, No. 7 (July 1993), p. 32.
  17. ^ "Fox River Racing Club: Final 1978 Points Standings". Wisconsin International Raceway. Retrieved 2007-07-25.
  18. ^ "Fox River Racing Club: Final 1979 Points Standings". Wisconsin International Raceway. Retrieved 2007-07-25.
  19. ^ "Fox River Racing Club: Final 1980 Points Standings". Wisconsin International Raceway. Retrieved 2007-07-25.
  20. ^ a b Sneddon, Rob: "Glimpses", Stock Car Racing (ISSN 0734-7340), Vol. 28, No. 7 (July 1993), p. 29.
  21. ^ "Alan Kulwicki USAC Stock Car results (unlabeled)". ultimateracinghistory. Retrieved 2007-09-07.
  22. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Patty Kay (March 30 2003). "Alan Kulwicki: Always a Champion". Insider Racing News. Retrieved 2007-07-04. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  23. ^ a b c d e f g "Alan Kulwicki's driving statistics". racingreference.info. Retrieved 2007-07-04.
  24. ^ a b Tom Jensen (November 10 2006). "CUP: A Tribute to Alan Kulwicki". SPEED Channel.com. p. 1. Retrieved 2007-07-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  25. ^ a b Tom Jensen (November 10 2006). "CUP: A Tribute to Alan Kulwicki". SPEED Channel.com. p. 2. Retrieved 2007-07-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  26. ^ Tom Jensen (November 10 2006). "CUP: A Tribute to Alan Kulwicki". SPEED Channel.com. p. 3. Retrieved 2007-07-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  27. ^ Ryan Smithson (April 1 2003). "A decade later, Kulwicki's crew races on". NASCAR.com. Retrieved 2007-07-05. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  28. ^ a b c d e "Alan Kulwicki's 1986 driving statistics". racingreference.info. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
  29. ^ a b c d Gregg Leary (September 24 2006). "SPEEDtv.com Reviewed: "Dare to Dream: The Alan Kulwicki Story"". SPEED Channel.com. p. 1. Retrieved 2007-09-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  30. ^ "Alan Kulwicki's 1987 driving statistics". racingreference.info. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
  31. ^ a b c d Tom Jensen (November 10 2006). "CUP: A Tribute to Alan Kulwicki". SPEED Channel.com. p. 4. Retrieved 2007-07-09. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ "Alan Kulwicki's 1988 driving statistics". racingreference.info. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
  33. ^ a b c Gregg Leary (September 24 2006). "SPEEDtv.com Reviewed: "Dare to Dream: The Alan Kulwicki Story"". SPEED Channel.com. p. 2. Retrieved 2007-09-19. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ a b c d e "Alan Kulwicki". Talladega Walk of Fame. Retrieved 2007-07-17.
  35. ^ a b c d e "Greatest NASCAR rivalries". CMT.com. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
  36. ^ a b c d McCarter, Mark (2002-11-11). "10 years after: the points race isn't as tight as it was in 1992, but--like in '92--a new generation of drivers is taking over at the top". The Sporting News. Retrieved 2007-09-19.
  37. ^ a b "Hooters 500". ESPN NASCAR race coverage. Season 1992. November 15 1992. {{cite episode}}: Check date values in: |airdate= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameters: |episodelink= and |serieslink= (help)
  38. ^ a b c d "Alan Kulwicki". NASCAR.com. April 4 2003. Retrieved 2007-09-07. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  39. ^ "Alan Kulwicki". NASCAR.com. April 4 2003. Retrieved 2007-07-04. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  40. ^ "Alan Kulwicki". University of North Carolina at Charlotte. Retrieved 2007-07-26.
  41. ^ Jeffords, Terry, quoted in Sneddon, Rob: "Glimpses", Stock Car Racing (ISSN 0734-7340), Vol. 28, No. 7 (July 1993), p. 47.
  42. ^ "Alan Kulwicki story". Tom Roberts Public Relations. Retrieved 2007-07-04.
  43. ^ "Alan Kulwicki's 1993 IROC driving statistics". racingreference.info. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
  44. ^ "Alan Kulwicki's 1993 NASCAR driving statistics". racingreference.info. Retrieved 2007-08-09.
  45. ^ "AUTO RACING". New York Times. April 5 1993. Retrieved 2007-09-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  46. ^ "Tribute to Alan Kulwicki". Laidback Racing. Retrieved 2007-07-04.
  47. ^ Joe Siano (July 19 1993). "AUTO RACING; A Flag. Taps. A Race With No Allison". New York Times. Retrieved 2007-09-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  48. ^ "In Memory of Alan--Ten Years Gone (Revisited)". speedwaymedia.com. Retrieved 2007-09-20.
  49. ^ a b "Hittin' Myrtle Beach". motorsport.com. May 2 2000. Retrieved 2007-09-26. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  50. ^ "Alan Kulwicki". National Polish-American Sports Hall of Fame. Retrieved 2007-07-14.
  51. ^ "Grown-up Robby Gordon reunites with Ford". KATU. Retrieved 2007-07-04.
  52. ^ "Robby Gordon Motorsports". Robby Gordon Motorsports. Retrieved 2007-07-04.
  53. ^ a b c Dave Kallmann (April 17 2001). "Kulwicki's dream drives filmmakers". Milwaukee Journal Sentinel. Retrieved 2007-07-25. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  54. ^ "Alan Kulwicki's owner's statistics". racingreference.info. Retrieved 2007-07-14.

External link

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Alan Kulwicki.
Preceded by NASCAR Winston Cup Champion
1992 		Succeeded by
Preceded by NASCAR Rookie of the Year
1986 		Succeeded by
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