(126154) 2001 YH ₁₄₀

Asteroid (126154) 2001 YH 140
Properties of the orbit ( animation ) Epoch:  April 27, 2019 ( JD 2,458,600.5)
Orbit type	RKBO 3: 5 , "Distant Object"
Major semi-axis	42.18  AU
eccentricity	0.137
Perihelion - aphelion	36,406 AU - 47,954 AU
Inclination of the orbit plane	11.1 °
Length of the ascending node	108.9 °
Argument of the periapsis	355.3 °
Time of passage of the perihelion	April 6, 2000
Sidereal period	273 a 11.4 M
Mean orbital velocity	4.549 km / s
Physical Properties
Medium diameter	${\displaystyle 345_{-45}^{+45}\mathrm {km} }$
Albedo	0.08 ± 0.02
Rotation period	13.25 ± 0.02 h (0.552 d ) 8.45 ± 0.05 h (0.352 d )
Absolute brightness	5.5 - 5.8 ± 0.2 mag
Spectral class	C B-V = 0.970 ± 0.030 VR = 0.560 ± 0.020 VI = 1.070 ± 0.020 BR = 1.530 ± 0.030
history
Explorer	Chadwick A. Trujillo Michael E. Brown Eleanor F. Helin Steven H. Pravdo Kenneth J. Lawrence Michael Hicks
Date of discovery	December 18, 2001
Source: Unless otherwise stated, the data comes from JPL Small-Body Database Browser . The affiliation to an asteroid family is automatically determined from the AstDyS-2 database . Please also note the note on asteroid items.

(126154) 2001 YH ₁₄₀ is a large trans-Neptunian object in the Kuiper belt , which is classified as a resonant Kuiper belt object (3: 5 resonance) in terms of orbital dynamics . Due to its size, the asteroid may be one of the dwarf planet candidates .

discovery

2001 YH ₁₄₀ was discovered on December 18, 2001 by a team of astronomers consisting of Chad Trujillo ( Gemini Observatory ) and Mike Brown ( CalTech ) (both official) as well as Eleanor "Glo" Helin , Steven Pravdo, Kenneth Lawrence and Michael Hicks with the 1.5 m reflector telescope and the 1.2 m Oschin Schmidt telescope of the Palomar Observatory ( California ) discovered. The discovery was announced on March 20, 2002 together with 2001 YJ ₁₄₀ and 2001 DV ₁₀₈ , the planetoid was later given the minor planet number 126154 by the IAU .

The observation arc of the asteroid begins with the official observation on December 18, 2001. Since then, the asteroid has been observed by the Herschel space telescope and various earth-based telescopes. In April 2017, there were a total of 216 observations over a period of 14 years. The last observation so far was carried out in April 2015 at the Pan-STARRS telescope (PS1) ( Maui ). (As of March 19, 2019)

properties

Orbit

2001 YH ₁₄₀ orbits the sun in 273.95 years on a slightly elliptical orbit between 36.40  AU and 47.95 AU from its center. The orbit eccentricity is 0.137, the orbit is 11.10 ° inclined to the ecliptic . The planetoid is currently 37.11 AU from the sun. He passed through perihelion for the last time in 2000, so the next perihelion should take place in 2274.

Both Marc Buie ( DES ) and the Minor Planet Center classify the asteroid as RKBO ( 3: 5 resonance with Neptune ); the latter also lists it as a non-SDO and generally as a distant object .

Size and rotation

A diameter of 345 km is currently assumed, based on a reflectivity of 8% and an absolute brightness of 5.8  ^m , which was determined using the data from the Herschel space telescope. Based on this diameter, the total area is about 374,000 km². The apparent brightness of 2001 YH ₁₄₀ is 21.25  ^m , the mean surface temperature is estimated at 42 K (−231 ° C) based on the distance from the sun  .

Mike Brown does not yet list YH ₁₄₀ on his website about the dwarf planet candidates in 2001 ; According to Brown's 5-class system, it would still meet the criteria for a classification as perhaps a dwarf planet , since it is conceivable that 2001 YH ₁₄₀ could be in hydrostatic equilibrium due to its size and thus it could be largely round.

Based on light curve observations in 2009, 2001 YH ₁₄₀ rotates once around its axis in 13 hours and 15.0 minutes. It follows that in a 2001 YH ₁₄₀ year 181240.7 self- rotations (“days”). However, this is still fraught with uncertainties, as the observation time at that time was insufficient and the error rate is around 30%. A different result from another team of astronomers suggested a rotation period of 8 hours and 27 minutes, which would increase the number of 2001 YH ₁₄₀ days to 284193.9 revolutions. The latter assessment is, however, rather unlikely.

Provisions of the diameter for 2001 YH ₁₄₀

year	Dimensions km	source
2010	345.0 ± 45.0	Mueller et al. a.
2013	350.0	Mommert et al. a.
2015	333.83	LightCurve DataBase
The most precise determination is marked in bold .

See also

• List of trans-Neptunian objects
• List of dwarf planets of the solar system
• List of asteroids
• List of moons from asteroids

Web links

• How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? Current list of the largest TNOs from Mike Brown
• Free the dwarf planets! Mike Brown's column on the IAU and the dwarf planets regarding their classifications (23 August 2011)

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Marc W. Buie : Orbit Fit and Astrometric record for 126154 . SwRI (Space Science Department). Retrieved March 19, 2019.
2. ↑ ^{a b} MPC : MPEC 2010-S44: Distant Minor Planets (2010 OCT.11.0 TT) . IAU . September 25, 2010. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
3. ^ ^{A b} Wm. R. Johnston: List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects . Johnston's Archives. October 7, 2018. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d} (126154) 2001 YH140 at the IAU Minor Planet Center (English) Retrieved March 19, 2019.
5. ↑ v ≈ π * a / period (1 + sqrt (1-e²))
6. ↑ ^{a b c d} T. Mueller u. a .: “TNOs are Cool”: A survey of the trans-Neptunian region I. Results from the Herschel Science Demonstration Phase (SDP) . In: Astronomy and Astrophysics . 518, No. L146, May 17, 2010, p. 5. arxiv : 1005.2923 . bibcode : 2010A & A ... 518L.146M . doi : 10.1051 / 0004-6361 / 201014683 .
7. ^ ^{A b} S. Sheppard : Light Curves of Dwarf Plutonian Planets and other Large Kuiper Belt Objects: Their Rotations, Phase Functions, and Absolute Magnitudes (PDF) . In: The Astronomical Journal . 134, No. 2, April 12, 2007, pp. 787-798. arxiv : 0704.1636 . bibcode : 2007AJ .... 134..787S . doi : 10.1086 / 519072 .
8. ↑ ^{a b} J. Ortiz et al. a .: Short-term rotational variability of eight KBOs from Sierra Nevada Observatory . In: Astronomy and Astrophysics . 447, No. 3, March 2006, pp. 1131-1144. bibcode : 2006A & A ... 447.1131O . doi : 10.1051 / 0004-6361: 20053572 .
9. ↑ ^{a b} LCDB Data for (126154) . MinorPlanetInfo. 2015. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
10. ↑ ^{a b c} I. Belskaya et al. a .: Updated taxonomy of trans-neptunian objects and centaurs: Influence of albedo . In: Icarus . 250, April 2015, pp. 482-491. bibcode : 2015Icar..250..482B . doi : 10.1016 / j.icarus.2014.12.004 .
11. ^ S. Sheppard : The Color Differences of Kuiper Belt Objects in Resonance with Neptune (PDF) . In: The Astronomical Journal . 144, No. 6, November 8, 2012, p. 169, 14. arxiv : 1210.0537 . bibcode : 2012AJ .... 144..169S . doi : 10.1088 / 0004-6256 / 144/6/169 .
12. ↑ ^{a b} (126154) 2001 YH140 in the Small-Body Database of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (English). Retrieved March 19, 2019.
13. ↑ MPC : MPEC 2002-F34: 2001 DV108, 2001 YH140, 2001 YJ140 . IAU . March 20, 2002. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
14. ↑ MPC : MPC / MPO / MPS Archive . IAU . Retrieved March 19, 2019.
15. ↑ MPC : MPEC List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects . IAU . Retrieved March 19, 2019.
16. ↑ (126154) 2001 YH140 in the database of the "Asteroids - Dynamic Site" (AstDyS-2, English).
17. ↑ ^{a b} Mike Brown : How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system? . CalTech . November 12, 2018. Retrieved March 19, 2019.
18. ↑ M. Mommert et al. a .: Remnant planetesimals and their collisional fragments: Physical characterization from thermal-infrared observations . September 23, 2013. Accessed March 19, 2019.