17th century BC Chr.

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The 17th century BC Chr. Began on January 1, v 1700s. And ended on December 31, 1601 BC. Chr.

Age / Epoch

• Around 1700 BC (according to traditional chronology) all known centers on Crete are destroyed in a severe earthquake . The new palace period begins with the reconstruction of the centers .
• In the late 17th century BC The Late Helladic (Late Bronze Age) begins in Greece , which means that the early phase of the Mycenaean civilization begins, the first advanced civilization of mainland Europe. It is first detectable in Laconia and the Argolida .

Events / developments

Lion Gate of the Hittite capital Ḫattuša

• In the 17th century BC BC or possibly even in the 18th century BC The oasis culture disappeared from the Karakum desert, presumably due to climatic changes .
• In the 17th century BC The last mammoth died on Wrangel Island .
• In the 17th century BC The kingdom of Kerma was founded in Upper Nubia in the 3rd century BC .
• In the 17th century BC The Hittite Empire was founded in Asia Minor .
• around 1645 BC Chr .: eruption of Mount Aniakchak in today's Alaska .
• around 1630 BC Chr .: Penetration of the Hyksos into the Nile Delta .
• 1627 BC Chr .: Beginning of a worldwide cooling of the climate over several years, verifiable by means of dendrochronological studies on trees from California, Ireland and Anatolia. A connection with a volcanic eruption is discussed (possibly the Minoan eruption of Santorini in Greece).
• 1606 BC According to strictly biblical chronology, the exodus of the people of Israel from Egypt takes place.

Personalities

Note: The years of government cannot be precisely determined in this century. Therefore, these are approximate estimates.

Statue of Sobekemsaf I.

Sobekhotep IV statue

Pharaohs of Egypt

• Neferhotep I (1705–1694 BC)
• Sahathor (1694 BC)
• Sobekhotep IV. (1694–1685 BC)
• Sobekhotep V (1685–1680 BC)
• Jaib (1680–1670 BC)
• Aja I. (1669-1659 BC)
• Sobekhotep VI. (1656–1654 BC)
• Sewadjtu (1654–1651 BC)
• Neferhotep II (1651–1648 BC)
• Hori (1647 BC)
• Merkaure Sobekhotep (1646–1644 BC)
• Salitis (1630–1615 BC / Hyksos king of Lower Egypt / founder of the 15th Dynasty (Hyksos) )
• Rahotep (1622–1619 BC / founder of the 17th dynasty )
• Sobekemsaf I (1619–1603 BC)
• Beon (1615–1602 BC / Hyksos king of Lower Egypt)
• Djehuti (1602–1601 BC)
• Apachnas (1602–1594 BC / Hyksos king of Lower Egypt)
• Mentuhotepi (1601 BC)
• Nebirirau I. (1601–1582 BC)

Kings of Assyria

• Adasi (1700–1681 BC)
• Šarma-Adad I (1653–1642 BC)
• Iptar-Sin (1641-1630 BC)
• Bazaia (1629-1602 BC)
• Lullaia (1601–1596 BC)

Kings of Babylonia

• Abi-ēšuḫ (1711–1684 BC)
• Ammī-ditāna (1683–1647 BC)
• Ammi-saduqa (1646–1626 BC)
• Šamšu-ditana (1625–1595 BC)

King of Elam

• Tempti-Agun (around 1700 BC)

Kings of the Hittite Empire

• Anitta (around 1700 BC)
• Labarna (1659–1629 BC)
• Ḫattušili I (1629–1604 BC)
• Muršili I (1604–1594 BC)

Inventions and discoveries

Phaistos Disc (schematic representation)

• The enigmatic Phaistos Disc was excavated in Crete in 1908 . It was discovered by its discoverer in the 17th century BC. BC, without any conclusive, scientific evidence could be given. The content is assumed to be text that has been stamped in a soft tone. If this assumption is correct, the Phaistos Disc is the oldest printed product of human origin.
• In the 17th century BC The linear script A was developed by the Minoan culture .

Web links

Commons : 17th century BC Chr.  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Heraklion, Archaeological Museum ( Memento from February 17, 2013 in the web archive archive.today ). In: Greek-culture.eu . Retrieved February 20, 2012.
2. ^ Minoan Era ( Memento from January 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). In: lisamichaelis.de . Retrieved February 20, 2012.
3. ↑ John Noble Wilford: In Ruin, Symbols on a Stone Hint at a Lost Asian Culture . In: The New York Times , May 13, 2001. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
4. ↑ Genetic analysis: the last mammoths disappeared in one fell swoop . In: Der Spiegel , April 1, 2010. Retrieved February 20, 2012.
5. ^ Sigfried J. de Laet and Ahmad Hasan Dani: History of Humanity: From the third millennium to the seventh century BC. UNESCO, 1996, ISBN 92-3102811-1 , p. 358
6. ↑ In the footsteps of the Hittites . In: Reform tur . Retrieved February 20, 2012.
7. ↑ Valmore C. LaMarche & Katharine K. Hirschboeck: Frost rings in trees as records of major volcanic eruptions . In: Nature 307, 1984, pp. 121-126. doi: 10.1038 / 307121a0
8. ^ MGL Baillie & MAR Munro: Irish tree rings, Santorini and volcanic dust veils . In: Nature 332, 1988, pp. 344-346. doi: 10.1038 / 332344a0
9. ↑ Sturt W. Manning et al. : Anatolian tree rings and the absolute chronology of the eastern Mediterranean, 2220-718 BC . In: Nature 381, 1996, pp. 780-783. doi: 10.1038 / 381780a0
10. ↑ Roger Liebi: Released after 4151 years! A brief aid to understanding the dates of the Old Testament. Edition Nehemia, 2015, ISBN 978-3-906289-06-9
11. ^ Robert Oberheid: Emil O. Forrer and the beginnings of Hittitology: a history of science biography. Walter de Gruyter, 2007, ISBN 3-11-019434-1 , p. 190