340
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Map with all linked sites: | 340 | |
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| 340 in other calendars | |
| Ethiopian calendar | 332/333 |
| Buddhist calendar | 883/884 (southern Buddhism); 882/883 (alternative calculation according to Buddha's Parinirvana ) |
| Chinese calendar | 50th (51st) cycle , year of the metal-rat庚子 ( at the beginning of the year Earth-Pig 己亥) |
| Greek calendar | 3rd / 4th Year of the 279th Olympiad |
| Jewish calendar | 4100/01 (September 7/8) |
| Coptic calendar | 56/57 |
| Roman calendar | ab urbe condita MXCIII (1093); Diocletian Era : 56/57 (New Year November) |
| Seleucid era | Babylon: 650/651 (New Year April); Syria: 651/652 (turn of the year October) |
| Spanish era | 378 |
| Vikram Sambat (Nepalese Calendar) | 396/397 (turn of the year April) |
Events
Politics and world events
At the beginning of the year 340 the Roman Empire is ruled by three emperors, the sons of Constantine the Great , who died in 337: The East, including Thrace and the capital Constantinople, is subordinate to Constantius II ; Italy, Africa and parts of Illyricum are ruled by Constans ; the eldest son Constantine II rules Gaul and Spain. Constans was living in Rome when his brother Constantine attacked him from the north in early 340. In April, however, Constantine is beaten and killed by Constans' troops near Aquileia . As a result, the entire west of the Roman Empire fell to Constans.
Since the death of Constantine the Great, a new Roman-Persian conflict has arisen: In the east of the empire, Constantius II and the Sassanid ruler Shapur II face each other. Shapur succeeds in conquering Armenia around 340 .
Science and culture
Probably on the occasion of the Roman-Persian conflict, an unknown author wrote the historiographical work Itinerarium Alexandri, dedicated to Emperor Constantius II, around the year 340 .
religion
Christianity, which has been establishing itself since the turning point of Constantine , is - especially since the death of Constantine the Great - in a phase of inner unrest. The most important internal Christian point of contention is the so-called Arian dispute over the theses of Presbyter Arius , which also plays a role on a political level, since Constantius II leans more towards the Arian tendency, while his brother Constans towards the anti-Arian tendency. Around 340 the Arian bishop Wulfila began the mission of the Goths , which later gave the Arian camp a significant advantage. The church also defends itself against minor "heretical" movements. Thus, at the Synod of Gangra, the ascetic movement of the Eustathians is condemned.
Born
Born around 340
- Peter von Sebaste , bishop and saint († 391 )
- Amphilochius of Iconium , Archbishop of Iconium († around 395 )
- Priscillian , theologian († 385 )
Died
- Constantine II , Roman Emperor (* 316 )
- 339 or 340: Eusebius , Christian theologian and historian (* 260 / 64 )
- around 340: Ge Hong , Chinese Daoist, alchemist and immortality seeker (* around 280 )
