Karl Adalbert from Lanna

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Karl Adalbert Lanna lithograph by Adolf Dauthage , 1862

Karl Adalbert (Vojtěch) Ritter von Lanna (born April 23, 1805 in Budweis , † January 15, 1866 in Prague ) was a large Bohemian industrialist. Lanna was a master carpenter, building contractor, imperial-royal ship master and knight of the Order of the Iron Crown III. Class .

biography

From 1820 Lanna studied for some time at the Technical University in Prague and in 1823 entered her father's business as a shipman. In 1828 he took over the Vltava shipping from his father, soon after he took over the stringing service for the Linz-Budweiser horse-drawn railway and subsequently the construction of roads, railways and bridges, including the large chain bridge in Prague designed by Friedrich Schnirch .

Lanna played a major role in the establishment of the Kladno heavy industry around 1850 and in the creation of numerous railway lines in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. His favorite project, the Kaiser-Franz-Josephs-Bahn , came to fruition thanks to his energetic work after his death. His widow was honored and honored many times in 1868.

Under his son Adalbert Freiherr von Lanna (1836–1909) the company, which for decades carried out most of the railway construction and river regulation in Bohemia , developed into one of the most important industrial enterprises in Austria.

Lanna was named a Knight of the Order of the Iron Crown III. Class raised to the hereditary knighthood and was a member of the Austrian manor house. Between 1839 and 1854 Lanna owned the Poříčí estate .

Lanna, a great patron of arts and crafts, owned very valuable art collections, which almost completely showed the development of all arts and crafts from the earliest times to the end of the 18th century.

Life's work

Lanna also worked as a railway pioneer and was involved in the construction of the Budweis – Linz – Gmunden horse-drawn railway and the establishment of the Kaiser-Franz-Josefs-Bahn under a consortium of German-Bohemian aristocrats such as the Prince of Schwarzenberg and the Count of Czernin.

The driving force of the technical revolution in Kladno and the surrounding area was the discovery and development of coal mining and iron production . The discovery of hard coal by Jan Vana in the Drin area in 1846 was significant . This find attracted prominent personalities from the industry of the time to Kladno , led by the industrialist Lanna from Budweis. Together with his partners, the Klein brothers , he founded the coal mining union in 1848 , which opened up many new mining fields in Kladno and its surroundings in the following decades.

As the builder ( 1847 - 48 ) of the chain bridge in Podolsko on the Tabor Pisek- street on the Vltava he was the construction in 1842 near. In 1960 the bridge was dismantled and stored during the construction of the Orlík dam . After construction in Stádlec , the bridge was reopened on May 25, 1975 and now replaces a ferry across the Lainsitz .

The story that Jaroslav Anděl tells about the wandering daguerrotypist M. V. Lobethal in connection with the Chain Bridge is interesting : Jindřich Hatlak: Illusion, 1935 “ We only know about him what he advertised in his leaflet: that he was coming from Wroclaw in Silesia Bohemia and that he worked in Prague and Teplitz. This photograph also represents the first surviving self-portrait within Bohemia. And it has a special story: The self-portrait of Lobethal was found in 1960 during the dismantling of the chain bridge in Podolí. It had been kept in a box with other contemporary items. It is interesting, however, that this self-portrait was not listed in the list of objects. This means that it was most likely secretly put in by someone - or even the photographer himself. "

In 1854 Lanna and the Klein brothers also built the second pillar of industry in Kladno - iron and steel industry, Adalbert smelting and in 1857 they founded the Prague iron and steel company .

Commemoration

Monument to Adalbert Lanna in Ceske Budejovice

His numerous friends and admirers set him a worthy memorial in a larger-than-life statue made of cast bronze, modeled by Professor Pönninger in Vienna, the base of which is adorned with hints of his life, also made in bronze. This monument, erected on a public square in his native Budweis, was ceremoniously unveiled on May 25, 1879 in the presence of the children and grandchildren of the immortalized, Prince Schwarzenberg, the clergy and authorities, many guests and a large crowd. The Lanna memorial was renewed in 1993. The shopping street that begins here also bears his name.

Lanna had the most important collection of art-historical objects (books, glass and much more). He founded and supported several museums. After the death of his son Adalbert Franz Josef Freiherr von Lanna, the collection was auctioned and is now in museums all over the world (Paris, New York, etc.).

In 1872 Lanna's son Adalbert Freiherr von Lanna entrusted the planning, design and furnishing of his new property (one of many) to the architect Gustav Gugitz, who was involved in the development of the important Viennese Ringstrasse architecture, in particular the construction of the Vienna State Opera. Lanna, a friend of Josef Rilke, the Prague poet's father, bequeathed a large part of his collection, especially his glass collection, to the Prague Museum of Applied Arts and thus became its most important sponsor.

The Villa Lanna monument complex in Gmunden is a total work of art from the 19th century, created from the pursuit of stylistic and formal unity of architecture, sculpture, painting, ornamentation, handicrafts and gardening. Following the example of the Italian High Renaissance, an architecturally designed garden surrounds a stately residence on several terraces, so that a close correlation between architecture and nature is created. The villa, which is committed to strict historicism, is the focus of the garden. Today the villa complex is one of the most important of Austrian historicism. After the villa, which was listed as a historical monument in 1984, the garden pavilion, the dairy and the gatehouse as well as the architectural design and equipment of the garden followed in 2006.

The monument complex, consisting of the Villa Lanna, the garden pavilion, the dairy, the gatehouse and the garden, is a striking architectural accent in the landscape of the Salzkammergut.

The asteroid (6928) Lanna (1994 TM3), discovered by M. Tichý on October 11, 1994, was named Lanna in memory of the great industrialist.

history

The family that appeared in Bohemia in the 18th century comes from Upper Austria and begins the family line with Simon Lahner, 1704 house owner in Wisau, municipality of Ebensee, whose grandson Thomas calls himself Lanna around 1770 in Bohemia.

literature

Web links

Commons : Karl Adalbert Lanna  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ BDA Bundesdenkmalamt Austria ( Memento of the original from December 22, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bda.at
  2. ^ Genealogical handbook of the nobility
personal data
SURNAME Lanna, Karl Adalbert
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Lanna, Karl Adalbert Ritter von; Lanna, Vojtěch
BRIEF DESCRIPTION large Bohemian industrialist
DATE OF BIRTH April 23, 1805
PLACE OF BIRTH Ceske Budejovice
DATE OF DEATH January 15, 1866
Place of death Vienna