Adrian von Riedl

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Adrian von Riedl
(copper engraving by JC Schleich after a painting by JG Edlinger )

Adrian Franz Xaver Florian Riedl , from 1790 von Riedl (born May 6, 1746 in Munich ; † March 18, 1809 ibid) was a German topographer and cartographer .

Life

He came from a family of cartographers who determined construction and surveying in Bavaria for over 75 years , and was the son of cartographer Castulus Riedl (1701–1783) and Maria Anna Theresia Gerold (1720– ??). Riedl visited in Munich the initial classes of the time of the Jesuit -led high school (now Wilhelm Gymnasium München ) and was early on by his father in the area of responsibility of the geometry introduced. The state provided financial support for the 16-year-old (1762) in his education. Two years later (1764) the scholars of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences in Munich noticed him through his cartographic implementation of the surveying results of the French cartographer César François Cassini de Thury (1714–1784), which he had carried out in 1761 and 1762 in Bavaria . After the examination by the academy, Riedl was appointed electoral land geometer in 1766 and commissioned with recording the Bavarian road network in 1769.

Over the years he succeeded his father in his positions as court chamber councilor (1771) and water , bridge and road construction commissioner (1772). Together with General Building Director Joseph Aloys von Hofstetten , he developed the institutionalization and professionalization of construction and surveying. This included the establishment of a general plan conservatory and a copy workshop. In addition to the official measurements, Riedl also carried out privately financed measurements as the basis for a new mapping of the Electoral Palatinate-Bavarian region and received an electoral and even an imperial printing privilege on April 26, 1785 . The project was initially hampered by disagreements between the administration and the representatives of the cantons , but since 1788 it has been in line with the government's goal of receiving a new map as a basis for the further development of the Bavarian road and customs system.

Riedl was raised to the imperial nobility on March 31, 1790 in Munich by Elector Karl Theodor von Pfalzbayern in his function as imperial vicar . At that time he was the Elector of the Palatinate Bavarian court chamber councilor , engineer - captain and, from 1790, director of the road and hydraulic engineering administration.

In this new position, Riedl concentrated on the further conceptual improvement of road and hydraulic engineering as well as the implementation of larger projects such as the drainage of the old Bavarian Donaumoos near Ingolstadt and protective measures on the Danube and Isar . One of his most important road construction projects is the Chaussee on the Danube near Bad Abbach , which was only made possible by blasting , and there is a memorial inscription from 1794 for Elector Karl Theodor with two lion statues . Another inscription from 1797, not far away, refers to Adrian von Riedl. It is:

THE
CHURVUIRSTLICHE
COLONEL
GENERAL ROADS AND HYDRAULIC CONSTRUCTION
DIRECTOR
ALSO HOFKAMMERRATH
ADRIAN VON RIEDL
DRIVEN AND COMPLETED THIS ROAD CONSTRUCTION
IN
1797

In 1796 Riedl became a full member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences. Since 1796, as a colonel, he was responsible for the Bavarian marches and quarters during the coalition wars in order to organize the passage of Russian, Austrian and French troops as smoothly and gently as possible. Emperor Paul I awarded him the Order of St. Anna for this .

For a short time he also participated in the military mapping of southern Germany operated by Austria (" Schmitt's map of Southwest Germany "). However, his own map project was delayed because of the difficult framework conditions and conceptual weaknesses. Under the government of Elector Max IV. Joseph (from 1806 as Maximilian I, King of Bavaria) in office since 1799 , Riedl was initially confirmed as head of construction and surveying. Criticism of the slow progress and the high costs of his mapping project, however, temporarily weakened his position. However, he was again involved in a leading position in the modern land survey that began in 1801. He was part of the management of the Topographical Bureau founded on June 19, 1801 in Munich. In the last months of his life, Riedl was appointed to the management of the Royal Immediate Tax Assessment Commission, which was founded in 1808 .

Riedl married Maria Walburga Kurz (1747–1807) in Munich in 1768 . After her death, he married Maria Anna Schleich (* 1784), the daughter of the Augsburg copper engraver Johann Karl Schleich (1759–1842) and Thekla Heßler , as a second marriage in Munich in 1808 . A portrait - relief of Johann Michael Albaneder (stage name Johann Albani ) in the Bavarian National Museum shows him with his first wife Walburga.

Map of the Donaumoos , drawn by Adrian von Riedl in 1804/05

Works

Riedl was the author and editor of around 400 hand-drawn maps and plans. His published works include:

  • Plan of the electoral Schrobenhausener or Donauer fiefdom Mooses , 1792
  • Travel atlas of Bajern or geographic-geometric representation of all Bavarian main and country roads with the surrounding towns and areas: together with short descriptions of everything that can be strange for the traveler on each of the drawn roads . 5 volumes. 1796-1805; urn : nbn: de: bvb: 12-bsb11072708-7 .
  • Battle of Hohenlinden in December 1800 , undated
  • Academic speech on the progress of the Baierian topography and its uses , 1803
  • Geographical conspect of the Bavarian and Upper Palatinate Chausséen as they connect with the neighboring countries , 1805
  • Stromatlas von Baiern , 1806–1808 ( digitized version )

Orders and decorations

literature

Web links

Commons : Adrian von Riedl  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Adrian von Riedl's project of a universal map based on detailed maps. In: 200 Years of the Bavarian Surveying Administration 1801–2001. Bavarian State Ministry of Finance, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-935612-01-X , p. 117; vermessung.bayern.de (PDF)
  2. ^ Genealogisches Handbuch des Adels , Adelslexikon. Volume XI, Volume 122 of the complete series. CA Starke Verlag, Limburg (Lahn) 2000, ISBN 3-7980-0822-1 , p. 407
  3. ↑ The latest guide through the district capital Regensburg a. their surroundings . Manz Verlag, Regensburg, 1837, p. 108; books.google.de
  4. ↑ Achim Fuchs: How it all began - The emergence of the Topographical Office 1801 in Munich. In: 200 Years of Bavarian Surveying Administration 1801–2001 , Bavarian State Ministry of Finance (Ed.), Pp. 26, 31 (pp. 24, 29 in PDF)
  5. ^ Adrian von Riedl (GND 119528568). In: Lipowsky Artist II on MDZ
  6. ↑ Max Seeberger, Frank Holl: How Bavaria was measured. Booklets on Bavarian History and Culture, Volume 26, House of Bavarian History, 2001, p. 35 (p. 36 in PDF)
  7. ↑ Royal Bavarian Government Gazette . tape 2 . Munich 1808, Sp. 1734 ( full text in google book search).
personal data
SURNAME Riedl, Adrian von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Riedl, Adrian; Riedl, Adrian Franz Xaver Florian
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German topographer and cartographer
DATE OF BIRTH May 6, 1746
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH March 18, 1809
Place of death Munich